计算机专业英语考试.docx
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计算机专业英语考试
一、判断
1.(×)Awebbrowserisaspecialdevicethatisinstalledinyourcomputerthatallowsittocommunicatewithdevicesonanetwork
2.
(√)datacanbeanumberawordapicture,orasound
3.
(√)strictlydefined,acomputerisadataprocessingdevice
4.
(√)
oneofthebenefitsofbecomingcomputerfluentisbeingasavvycomputeruserandconsumerandknowinghowtoavoidvirusestheprogramsthatposetreatstocomputersecurity
。
5
(√)trend-spottingprograms,developedforbusiness,havebeenusedtopredictcriminalactivity
1.
(√)
Thecpuandmemoryarelocatedonaspecialcircuitbeardinthe
systemunitcalled
themontherbocrd
2.
(√)
themaindifferencebetweenasupercomputerandamainframeisthatsupercomputersaredesignedtoexecuteafewprogramsasquicklyaspossible,whereasmainframesaredesignedtohandlemanyprogramsrunningatthesame(butataslowerpace)
3.
(×)Beingcomputerfluentmeansthatyoushouldbeabletobuildacomputeryourself.
4.
(√)Embeddedcomputersareselfcontainedcomputerdevicesthathavethervownprogramminganddonotreceiveinput
5.
(√)Currently,theperformanceoftasksbyrobotisbasedonpreprintedalgorithms
二.写出中文
1.virtualfunction虚拟函数2.pointer指针3.cursor光标4.package包裹5.Boot引导,自举6TCP/IP传输攻之协议/互联网协议7DNS域名服务8.HTTP超文本传输协议
9URL统一资源定位器10.instruction指令11.output输出12.FTP文件传输协议13capacity容量14throughput吞吐量15Ethernet以太网16field域17item条目
三、写出单词
1.操作系统operatingsystem2.网络计算机networkcomputer3.专家系统expertsystem4.调制解调器modem5.超文本传输协议HTTP6.企业内部网intranet7.主关键字key
8.工作站workstation9.芯片chip10.人工智能artificialintelligence11.download下载12.防火墙firewall13.www万维网14.集线器hub15.程序program16.协议protocol
四、以下各段叙述是对计算机专业术语的英文解释
1
(Networkcomputer)Acomputerhavingthehardwareandsoftwarenecessaryforittobeconnectedtoanetwork
2(E-Mail)letyousendmessagestoRussia,Japanandsoon。
3(multimedia)Combinationofmedia
4(hub)Inanetwork,adevicejoiningcommunicatelinesatacentrallocationprovidingacommonconnectiontoalldevicesonthenetwork。
5(Windowmanagers)Itmanagethedevicesusedtoexchangeinformationbetweenapplicationsandusers
6(DBMS)Thesoftwarethatallowsoneormanypersonstouseand/ormodifythisdata
7(insert)Toasstextordatatoafilewhileediting
四:
在括号填入适当的词
1.Whenhypertextpagesaremixedwithothermedia,theresultiscalled(hypermedia)
2.The(processor)is"intelligence"ofacomputersystem
3.(multimedia)meansfromtheuser'sprespectivethatcomputerinformationcanberepresentedthroughaudioand/orvideoinadditiontotext,imagegraphicsandanimation
4.AllIntranetrelateddocumentsarewrittenin(HTML)
5.(Interframe)compressionuseasystemofkeyanddeltaframstoeliminateredundantinformationbetweenframs
6.Acomputersystemhasinputoutput(storage)andprocessingcomponent
7.C++'sadvantagesincludestrongtyping(Operatoroverloading)andlessemphasisontheprocessor
五、
选择
1、thegrowthofswitchinghascreatedanewgenerationofnetworkmanagementtoolsthathelp{technicians}copewiththechallenges,{enabling}themtocorrelate.devicealarminorderto{better}pinpointrootcauses,ortomonitorservicelevelswithoutdependingonIPsubnettingschemesthesenewtoolsnavebecomeessentialtocopingwiththeprimary{side}effectofanytreatmentthatsignificantlyincreasesnetworkflexibilityaddedcomplexity
1.sidebettercreatedenablingtechnicians
2.Alocal–areanetwork(LAN)isacommunicationsnetworkthat(interconnects)avarietyofdeviceandprovidesa(means)forinformationexchangeamongthosedevices.
Thescopeofthescopeofbuilding,theLANisusuallyownedlogthesameorganizationthatownsthe(attached)devices,theinternaldatarateofLANisatlastseveralMbit/sthebasicofLANcommunicationovera{medium}sharedbyotherstations
Atransmissionfromanyonestationis
{
broadcast
}
toareceivedbyallother
stations
1.means2.attached3.interconnects4.LAN5.medium
A:
43142
3.Basicallyafirewallisa
{
standalone
}
process
orasetofintegrated
pro
ce
ssesthatrunsonarouteror
{
server
}
tocontroltheflowofnetworked
applicationtraffic
{
passing
}
throughit
,
typicallyfirewallsareplacedonthe
entrypointtoa
{
public
},
networksuchastheinter
netconformtothe
organizationsecuritypol
icies
1.role2.
P
assing3.
S
erver4.
P
ublic5.
S
tandalone
53241
4.Alloftheseapplicat
ionswillenhan
cethe(quality)oflife
and
spureconomicgrowh,Over
halfof
theUSworkforceisnowinjobsthatareinformation(based).Thetelecommunicationand
information
sectoroftheUSeconomynow(acc
ount)for12percentoftheGrossDomestic
product,groingmuchfasterthananyothersectorof
theeconomylastyear
the(reve
nues)inthis
sectorexceeded700billiondollars.TheUSexportedover48billiondevoarsoftelecommunication
equipment(alone).
A
ll:
21453
1.based
2.quality
3.alone
4.acc
ount
5.revenues
六.
翻译:
1.A
computersystemhasinput,output
storage,andprocessingcomputers.the
processoristhe
“
intelligence
”
ofacomputersystem.
A
single
computer
systemmay
haveseveralprocessors.
E
achprocessor,sometimescalledthecentralprocessing
unitstoragefromaninputdevicebeforeprogramscan
beexecutedordatacanbe
processed.
1.
一个计算机系统的组成部件有:
输入,输出,存储和处理。
处理器是计算机系统的核心部
件。
一个计算机也能有多个处理器。
有时候被称作中央处理机。
它只有两个部件程序执行之
前或数据被访问之前。
所有的程序和数据都必须经过输入设备传到主存储器。
2.
M
anynetworksexistintheworld,
oftenwithdifferenthardwareandsoftware,
peopleconnectedtoonenetworkoftenwanttocommunicatewithpeopleattachedtoa
differentone.Formtheuser
’
spointofviewthewebconsistsofavastworldwidecollection
ofdocuments,everywebsiteha
s
aserverprocesslisteningtotc
pport80forincoming
connectionsfromclients.Afteraconnectionhasbeenestablished,theclientsendsone
requestandtheservesendsonereply.
2.
世界上有许多网络,
它们具有不同的软件和硬件,连在某一网络上的人们经常同连在不同
网络上的人们交流,从用户的观点来看,
Web
拥有巨大的,广
泛的文档。
每个
Web
站点有
一个服务器。
它通过监听
TCP
的
90
端口来查看来自用户的连接请求,一个连接建立之后,
用户发送一个请求,然后服务器发送回答。
3.
A
noperatingsystemisthesoftwarewhichactsasaninterfacebetweenauserofacomputer
andthe
computer
hardware.Thepurposeofan
operating
systemistoprovideanenvi
ronmentin
whichausermayexecuteprogram.
W
ecanviewanoperatingsystemasaresourceallocator.
A
computersystemhasmany
resources.
T
heoperatingsystemactsasthemanageroftheseresources.
3.
操作系统是一种软件,它是作为在计算机用户和计算机硬件之间的一个接口。
操作系统的
目的是给要执行程序的用户
提供一个环境。
可以把操作系统看作是一个资源分配程序。
一个计算机系统有许多资源操作系统是这些资源
的管理者。
4.
Objected
-
basedlogicalmodelsareusedfordescribingdataattheconceptualandviewlevels.
Theyareveryclosetohumanlogic.Manydifferentmodelsareavailabletodescribed
object
-
basedlogic
models.Themostimportantamongthemaresemanticdatamodeland
entity
-
relationshipmodel.Semanticdatamodelprovidesafacilityforexpressingmeaningabout
thedatainthedatabase.TheEntity
-
Relationshipmodel
(
E
-
Rmodel
)
isbasedona
perception
of
arealworldwhichconsistsofacollectionofobjectscalledentitiesandrelationshipsamong
theseobjects.Anentityisanobject.
W
hichcanbeuniquelydistinguishedfromotherobjects.
Record
-
basedlogicalmodelsdefinetheoveralllogicalstructure
ofthedatabaseaswellas
higherleveldescriptionofitsimplementation.Physicaldatamodelsareusedtodescribedataat
thelowestlevel.
4
基于对象的逻辑模型用于描述概念层与视图层的数据,它们非常接近于人的逻辑,很多不
同的模型可用来描述,基于对象的逻辑模型。
其中最重要的是语义数据模型和实体关系模型。
语义数据模型提供了表达数据库中数据之意义的设施。
实体关系模型(
E
-
R
模型)是基于这
样的认识:
现在世界是由一组称为实体的对象和这些对象之间的关系组成的。
实体的对象。
它能与其他对象唯一地区别开。
基于记录的逻辑模型定义数据库的整个逻辑结构以及实现的更高级描述。
物理数据描述
型用于描述最低层的数据。