四级写作应试策略.docx
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四级写作应试策略
四级写作应试策略
大学英语四级考试（CET4）在进行改革后,写作部分仍是按照要求在30分钟内写出一篇120个单词短文,在分值比上也无变化,仍占15%（标准分106.5分）,但在答题顺序调整至第一部分。
试卷上可能给出题目，或规定情景，或要求看图作文，或给出段首句要求续写，或给出关键词要求写成短文。
要求考生能正确表达思想，意义连贯，无重大语法错误。
写作的内容包括日常生活和一般常识。
一、评分原则
1．CET作文采取总体评分（GlobalScoring）方法。
阅卷人员就总的印象给出奖励分（RewardScores），而不是按语言点的错误数目扣分。
2．从内容和语言两个方面对作文进行综合评判。
内容和语言是一个统一体。
作文应表达题目所规定的内容，而内容要通过语言来表达。
要考虑作文是否切题，是否充分表达思想，也要考虑是否用英语清楚而适切地表达思想，也就要考虑语言上的错误是否造成理解上的障碍。
3．避免趋中倾向。
该给高分的给高分，包括满分；该给低分的给低分，包括0分。
一名阅卷人员在所评阅的全部作文试卷中不应只给中间的几种分数。
二、评分标准
1.作文满分为15分。
2.阅卷标准共分五等：
2分、5分、8分、11分及14分。
3.阅卷人员根据阅卷标准，对照样卷评分。
若认为与某一分（如8分）相似，即定为该分数（8分）；若认为稍优或稍劣于该分数，则可以加一分（即9分）或减一分（即7分）。
但不得加减半分。
4.评分标准
2分——条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多为严重错误。
5分——基本切题。
表达思想不清楚，连贯性差。
有较多的严重语言错误。
8分——基本切题。
有些地方表达思想不够清楚，文字勉强连贯；语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。
11分——切题。
表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。
14分——切题。
表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性好。
基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。
字数不足应酌情扣分：
累计字数
90-99
80-89
70-79
60-69
50-59
少于49
扣分
1
2
3
5
7
9
三、真题评分示例
下边是2005年1月四级作文阅卷时的RangeFinders
Directions:
Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacampaignspeechinsupportofyourelectiontothepostofchairmanofthestudentunion.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.
1.你认为自己具备什么条件（能力，性格，爱好）可以胜任学生会主席工作？
2.如果当选你将回本校同学做些什么？
14points
Dearfellowstudents,
Iamgratefulthatyouoffermethechancetospeakhere.Iamimpressedbythespeechesofthepreviouscandidates.Yet,Iwanttoprovemyselfbetterforthepostofchairman.
Firstofall,Ihaveapleasantquality.LastyearIwasthedormdirectorofourbuildingandImanagedtogetalongwithallthestudentswell.IhaveacquiredworkingexperienceandcommunicationskillswhichIconsiderasthemostessentialforthecoordinatorofthewholestudentunion.
Secondly,I’malwaysreadytocreate.Atpresentourunionisverywellorganized.Howeverouractivityscheduleisslightlymutinous.Iamwillingtoaddsomevividelementsintoitinordertomakeourcampuslifemoreenjoyable.
IfIamelectedthechairman,IpromiseIwillbecomeyourvoiceandbuildthestudentunionintoabridgebetweenthestudentsandtheuniversity.
I’myourbestchoice,voteforme,voteforyourself,thankyou!
评语：
切题，思想表达清楚，层次清晰，连贯性较好。
文字通顺、流畅、自然，选词及句式有变化。
基本上无语言错误，仅个别小错。
11points
Hello,everyone.IbelieveIamthebestchoiceofthepostofthechairmanofthestudentunion.
First,Ihavetheabilitywhichisnecessarytothepostofthechairmanofthestudentunion.IhavebeenmonitorofourclasssinceIcametothisschool.Inthepastyears,Iworkedverywellonthepost.Second,Ihavemanyinterests.Forexample,Iplaybasketballandfootballverywell.Mytennisisgood,too.Third,Ihavealotoffriends.Almosteveryonelikesme.
IfIwaschosentobethechairmanofthestudentunion,Iwillworkfortheneedofthestudents.Iwilltelltheschoolwhatwestudentsreallyneedandwhatwedon’twant.
Ibelieve,Iamthebestchoiceforthepostofthechairmanofstudentunion.Thankyou!
评语：
切题，思想表达清楚，层次较清晰，文字连贯，选词及句式有一定变化。
但有个别较大语法错误和用词错误。
8points
Ladiesandgentlemen,alltheschoolmatesandteachers:
Iwillelecttothepostofchairmanofthestudentsunion.ThereasonsImakethisdecisionisthatI’mdesiretodomorethingsforyou.Apparently,onlywishesarenotavailable.I’llmakeyoubelievethatnotonlydidIhavewishesbutalsocapacity.
First,whenIwasafreshman,ItookpartinmanyactivitiestoaccumulateexperiencesandnowIfamiliarwiththeprocessthathowthestudentunionworks.Second,IlovemakingfriendsandIhadextensivelyhobbies.Thesecanmakemeorgernizepeopleeasily.Thethird,ItakethisworkverysireouslyandIwilltrymybesttoimproveanddevelopthestudentsuniontomakeyousatisfied.
Inaword,I’mtherightpersonyouhaveeverbeensearching.So,supportme!
I’llnevermakeyoudisappointed.
评语：
比较切题，基本清楚地表达主题的内涵，句子结构和用词有错误。
且有个别严重错误。
5points
Thankseverybodiestogivemeachancetoelectetepostofchairmanofthestudentunion.I’lldomybestinthatpost.
Iwillinformmyselffirst.Iamamanofhard-working.SoIwilldoanythingwithmybest.Icanhelpeveryonewhoneedshelp.Ihaveaweild-eyesight.Usingcomputerismyfave-atething.Aboveall,isthereasonwhyIelectedthepost.
IfIgetthepost,I’llsolvetheproblemsofeverystudents.FirstthingIthinkmustsolveisthepriceintheschool.Itistooexpensivetoourstudent.Second,Ithinkwemusthavemorefreetime.Nowadays,toomanycoursesinourtable.Sowecannotdosomethingwhichwewanttodo.Ithinkitistoobad.Last,Iwillorginazemoreperformancesinschool,inordertofilltheresttime.
Ihopeeveryonegivemeachancetoachevemyhopes.Thanks!
评语：
基本切题，表达不够清楚，思路不清晰，连贯性差，有较多严重语法错误和用词错误。
2points
Nowadaysinourhighlytechnologicalsociety,it’swildlybelivedthattheperson’sabilityisverycrucialinourdailylife.
AsforasIcandochairmanofStudentcommitmentforthebest.firstatallIhaveagoodcommmunicatonskillforanypeople.SecondlyIhavegoodlybobytocompetentthisassign,becauseIverylikesportandverymorningdobodyexcises.Mealwhile.I’magreatstudenttoleadusstudentforstudytogether,andofcourse.Lastbutnotleast.IfIelectionsuccessful,Iwilldomyyoungage,doanythingforeveryclassmaterejoiceinhopeandpatientintribution
AllofthisreasontoleadeverypeopletoconclutionthatIamelection/
Veryhopeallclassmatesupportme.Thankyou!
评语：
思路混乱，条理不清，语言支离破碎；语句不通，词不达意，有较多严重语法错误。
四、四级作文写作技巧
4.1文章开头技巧
有人曾经把作文开头比喻成女孩子的脸，当人们看到脸之后，如果觉得惊艳无比，就会为她的其他方面加分不少．由此可见一个好的作文开头的重要性，下面我们将会为同学们介绍几种常见的而且也是实践证明行之有效的四级作文开头方法．
4.1.1比较法
句型1Peopleusedtothink/Itwasoncethoughtthat…Inthepast/olddays…Butthingsarequitedifferent/fewpeoplenowsharethisview.
例：
Peopleusedtobebornathomeanddieathome.Intheolddays,childrenwerefamiliarwithbirthanddeathaspartoflife.Butnowthingsarequitedifferent.Ouryoungstershaveneverbeenclosebyduringthebirthofababyandhaveneverexperiencedthedeathofafamilymember.Whenpeoplegetseriouslysick,theyareoftentransferredtoahospital,wherechildrenareusuallyunwelcomeandforbiddentovisitillpatients.Thisdeprivesthechildrenofanexperienceofdeath,andexperienceveryimportanttoone’slife.
句型2Severalyears/decadesago,people…Now/Today…Whydopeople/hassuchchangetakenplace?
例：
Severalyearsagopeoplewereoftenalittlesurprisedwhentheyheardthatacollegestudentwasdoingapart-timejob.“Why?
Maybeheisshortofmoney,”theythought.Nowadays,itisnotanuncommonphenomenonthatcollegestudentsareworkingastutors,salesmenandtourguides.Manystudentsputupadvertisementonbulletinboardsorlamppoststosearchforoddjobs.Whydomanystudentsshowgreatinterestinapart-timeorasummerjob?
4.1.2.对立法
句型3Whenaskedabout…,thevastmajoritypeoplesay/think/believe/answerthat…Butotherpeopleregard/view/see…as…（Ithink/view/quite/abitdifferently）
例：
Whenaskedwhatkindofcareertheywillpursueupongraduation,mostofcollegestudentssaythattheywouldchooseajobwhichwillbringthemalotofmoneyandacomfortablelife.Workinginabigbankorcompanyiswhattheydesire.ButIthinkquitedifferently.Iwouldpreferacareerwhichwillhelprealizemypotential.
句型4Whenitcomesto…,somepeoplethink/believethat…Othersargue/claimthattheopposite/reverseistrue.Thereisprobablysometruthinbotharguments/statements,but…
例：
WhenitcomestotheinternationalsportssuchastheOlympicGamesandtheWorldCupsoccergame,somepeoplebelievethatitcreatesgoodwillbetweenthenationsandthatifcountriesplaygamestogethertheywilllearntolivetogether.Otherssaythattheoppositeistrue:
thatinternationalcontestsencouragefalsenationalprideandleadtomisunderstandingandhatred.Thereisprobablyalittlebitoftruthinbotharguments,butinrecentyearstheOlympicGameshavedonelittletosupporttheviewthatsportsencourageinternationalbrotherhood.
句型5Now,Itiscommonly/generally/widelybelieved/thought/held/accepted/felt/recognized/acknowledgedthat…Theyclaim/believe/arguethat…
例：
Itiscommonlybelievedthattheriseinteenagesmokingistheinevitableresultofeconomicdevelopment.TheyarguethatiftherearenocigaretteadvertisementonTV,nocigaretteavailableeverywhere,andnoadequatepocketmoney,teenagersareunlikelytotakeupthehabitofsmoking.ButIdoubtthatitisasatisfactoryexplanation.Whileconcedingtheeffectofadvertisingandothercommercialfactors,Ithinkthattheprimarycauseissocialandindividualratherthaneconomic.
句型6Thesedaysweoftenhearabout…Theyclaim/argue/say…Buthas/isit?
Closeexamination/analysisdoesn’tbearouttheclaim/argument.
例：
Thesedaysweoftenhearabout“theclassessociety”.Theysaythatallmenareequal,andtheycamenjoythesameeducationalandjobopportunities,andthedistinctionbetweenrichandpoorhaslost.Buthasit?
Closeexaminationdoesn’tbearouttheclaim.
4.1.3.故事法
句型7LastSunday/Theotherday/Somemonthsago...I/afriendofmine…The
case/story/incidentisnotrare/unusual,itisone/typicalofthousandsof...
例：
Theotherday,ImetMissLee,myoldclassmate,whotoldmethatshehaddecidedtoquitherjobasateacherattheendofthesecondschoolyearandtogointoacompany.Shesaidthatshecouldn’tmakealivinginherchosenprofessionandthatnotevenhermoonlightingtwiceaweekcouldputheroutofthefinancialquagmireshewasin.MissLee’scaseisnotunusual,itistypicalofthousandsofyoungteacherswhoarequittingtheirjobsinsearchofmorelucrativework.
例：
Lastevening,Iwenttovisitoneofmyfriendsandw
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