最大简约法PAUP4 系统发育树.docx
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最大简约法PAUP4.0构建系统发育树
本教程将一步一步教大家怎么构建系统发育树。
首先需准备用于构建系统发育树的序列fasta文件,然后将fasta序列文件使用MEGA软件进行alignment比对,再保存成nexus格式的文件用于建树。
A.构建最大简约树(MP树)
1.打开PAUP软件
2.依次选择File>>open>>chooseNEXUSfile3.Execute
如下图:
4.Analysis>>Heuristicsearch
5.StepwiseAddition>>random>>#reps:
100
6.BranchSwapping>>Stopsearchafter"60seconds">>check"Savemultipletrees"
7.Crick"OK"
8.Howtofindthebesttreefromequallyparsimonioustrees
8.1Trees>>Treescores>>Likelihood
8.2.CrickTopologytest(SH,KH)
8.3.Choose“Kishino-Hasegawatest”>>Crick"OK"&"OK"
8.4.Treeno.1waschosenasthebesttree
9.Howtosavethebesttree9.1.Trees>>Print/Viewtrees
9.2.Choosethebesttree(Examplethefirsttree)>>Crick"Rooting"
9.3.DefineOutgroup
9.4.Chooseoutgrouptaxa>>OK
9.5."SavethistreeasPDF"9.6.Trees>>Savetreestofile9.7.Trees>>DescribeTreesCalculateCI,RI,RCvalues
9.8.Edit>>EditDisplayBufferFiles>>SaveDisplayBuffer9.9.ClosePAUP
B.Bootstrapanalysis
1.OpenPAUP>>Openthealignmentfile
>>Execute
2.Analysis>>Bootstrap/Jackknife
如下图:
3.Crick"Continue"
4.SetMaxTrees
SetMaxtreeno.as1000or100(Thisdependsonthesizeofalignment)
Crick"Leaveunchanged,anddon'tprompt
如下图:
5.Crick"Search">>Waituntilfinishingbootstrapanalysis
6.Trees>>Print/ViewBootstrapConsensus
7.Chooseoutgrouptaxa>>OK"SavethistreeasPDF"
8.Edit>>EditDisplayBuffer9.Files>>SaveDisplayBuffer10.ClosePAUP