从旅游文本翻译中探究中西文化差异.docx

从旅游文本翻译中探究中西文化差异.docx

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从旅游文本翻译中探究中西文化差异

OntheCulturalDifferencesintheTranslationofTouristTexts

Abstract

Withtheglobalizationoftourismbecomingmoreandmoreobvious,China,asacivilizedcountrywithahistoryof5,000years,hasunlimitedpotentialintourism.TheexistenceofdifferentculturalbackgroundsandlanguagebarriersmakesitdifficultforforeigntouriststounderstandChinesecultureintourismactivities,whichhasbecomeacommonphenomenon.Therefore,howtobetterpublicizeChina'stourismresourcestoforeigntouristshasbecomeatopicworthstudying.Howtoovercomeculturaldifferencesandachieveeffectivetranslationhasbecomeaproblemthatmustbesolvedintourismtranslation.ThispaperprobesintotheculturaldifferencesbetweenChinaandthewestfromthetranslationoftourismtexts,aimingatfindingouttheculturaldifferencesandputtingforwardsuggestionsandmethodstoimprovethetranslationoftourismtexts:

addingexplanatorytextsandrelatedculturalbackgrounds,deletingornatetextsandpursuingobjectificationoftranslation,changingwordorderarrangementandrestructuringsentencestructureandculturalanalogy,etc.,inordertoimprovethetranslationqualityoftourismtexts,andtomaketheworldbetterunderstandChinaandtheChinesenation,thuspromotingthedevelopmentofChina'stourismindustry,thespreadofChinesecultureandtheexchangeofChineseandwesterncultures.

Keywords：

Englishtranslationoftouristtexts;culturaldifference;problems;solutions

从旅游文本翻译中探究中西文化差异

内容摘要

随着旅游业全球化的趋势越来越明显，中国作为一个有着五千年历史文化的文明大国，旅游业具有无限的潜力。

由于不同文化背景和语言障碍的存在，使得外国游客在旅游活动中对中国文化的理解出现困难，这成为一种常见的现象。

因此，如何向外国游客更好地宣传中国旅游资源，成为一项值得研究的议题，如何克服文化差异而达到有效的翻译成为旅游翻译必须解决的问题。

本文从从旅游文本翻译中探究中西文化差异，旨在找出其中的文化差异，并对完善旅游文本翻译工作提出建议和方法：

增加解释性的文字和相关文化背景、删减华丽的文字和追求译文客观化、改变词序排列和重组句式结构和文化类比法等，以期使旅游文本的翻译质量得以提高，让世界更好地了解中国和中华民族，从而促进中国旅游业的发展，中华文化的传播和中西方文化的交流。

关键词：

旅游文本的英译；文化差异；问题；建议与方法

Contents

1.Introduction

1.1BackgroundofResearch

InChina,asaresultofreformandopeningup,cross-bordercooperationandexchangesareincreasingdaybyday,becomingmoreandmoreimportant.ThishascreatedopportunitiesforthedevelopmentofChina’stourismindustry.Chinaisagreateasterncountry,withnotonlymanypicturesquelandscapes,butalsonumeroushistoricalheritagesandculturalrelics.Alltheseareveryattractivetoforeigntourists.NowmoreandmoreforeigntouristscometovisitChina.AccordingtoChina’stourismstatisticsbulletinfor2014,theChinaNationalTourismAdministrationannouncedthatthenumberofforeigntouristsinChinasince2014hasexceeded128million,generatingabout105billionUSdollarsinforeignexchange.TourismhasbroughtgreateconomicbenefitstoChinaandplayedanimportantroleinspreadingChinesecivilizationandculture.Therefore,howtoshowtheworldChina’stourismresourcesisoneoftheimportantstepstodevelopourtourismindustry.Theprosperityoftourismmakesitnecessarytotranslatetourismtexts.English,asagenerallyacceptedinternationalcommunicationtool,isthemainlanguageforChinesetourismtotranslateChinesetourismtexts.MostforeignerscaneasilyacceptEnglishtraveltexts.However,duetosomeculturaldifferencesbetweenChinaandtheWestinthetranslationoftouristtexts,itisdifficultforforeignerstounderstandthetranslationofChinesetouristtexts.Whenwetransferthesourcetexttothetargettext,culturaldifferenceshavebecomeabigproblem.InorderforforeignerstohaveabetterunderstandingofChina’shistoricalheritageandculturalrelics,translatorscannotignoreculturalfactorsintheprocessoftranslation.IftranslatorsignoretheculturaldifferencesbetweenChinaandothercountries,theymaytranslatethetextmechanically,regardlessofwhetherforeignerscanreallyunderstandandacceptthetranslation.Thetranslatorshouldadjustthetranslationandpayattentiontotheacceptabilityofthetargettextreaders.Therefore,itisveryimportanttoanalyzetheculturaldifferencesinthetranslationoftourismtexts,andtoputforwardcorrespondingsolutionstotheseChineseandwesternculturalreferencessoastorealizeeffectiveinternationalexchanges.

Tourismtextscanhelppeopletobetterunderstandacountry’sscenicspotsandculture.However,althoughtherearemanysuccessfulexamplesofEnglishtranslationofChinesetouristtexts,therearestillmanyproblemsandmistakesintranslation.ManyEnglishversionsoftraveltextsaretautological,poorlystructuredandconfusing.ThetranslationqualityoftourismtextswilldirectlyaffectChina’sinternationalimageandthedevelopmentofChina’stourismindustry.Inaddition,differentculturalbackgroundsanddifferentlanguagesmakeitmoredifficultforforeignerstoobtaincommoditiesandunderstandChinesetourismculture.

1.2SignificanceofResearch

Tourismisasunriseindustryinthe21stcenturyandhasbecomeoneofthepillarindustriesofChina'seconomicdevelopment.Withtheglobalizationoftourismbecomingmoreandmoreobvious,cross-culturalcommunicationhasbecomeafeatureofthetimes.Chinaisacivilizedcountrywithahistoryof5000years.Therearemanynaturallandscapesinthemagnificentmountainsandrivers,alargepartofwhichcontainsprofoundculturallandscape.Theyareoftenrelatedtospecialhistoricalevents,allusions,legendsorfolkcustomsandhaveuniquenationalcharacteristics.Fivethousandyearsofancientcivilization,longhistoryandculture,andmagnificentmountainsandriversallhavegreatattractiontoforeigntouristsandofferunlimitedpotentialforthedevelopmentoftourism.Tourismtextscontainalotofculturalinformation.TheexistenceofculturaldifferencesbetweenChinaandtheWestmakesitimpossibleforforeigntouriststohaveagoodunderstandingofChina’shistoryandculture.

Therefore,itisurgenttoanalyzetheculturaldifferencesintourismtexttranslation.HowtoovercomethedifferencesbetweenChineseandwesternculturesandrealizeeffectivetranslationhasbecomeaproblemthatmustbesolvedintourismtranslation.ThetranslationqualityoftourismtextswillaffectthedevelopmentofChina’stourismindustry.Startingfromthetranslationoftouristtexts,thispaperanalyzesseveralculturaldifferencesinthetranslationofChineseandwesterntouristtexts,andputsforwardcorrespondingsolutions,whichhavepracticalguidingsignificanceforimprovingthetranslationabilityofforeigntourismprofessionals,thusmakingiteasierforforeigntouriststounderstandtheculturalconnotationoftouristattractions,improvingtheimageoftouristattractions,enablingtheworldtobetterunderstandChinaandtheChinesenation,spreadingChineseculturemoreaccurately,andpromotingculturalexchangesbetweenChinaandthewest.

2.AReviewonTouristTexts

Inordertorealizeeffectivetranslationoftouristtexts,translatorsneedtohaveagoodunderstandingoftheconceptsandfunctionsoftouristtexts.Ofcourse,themajortranslationproblemsintourismtextsarealsoworthstudyingandanalyzing.

2.1DefinitionofTouristTexts

Touristtextsareakindofexternalpublicitymaterials.Itconjuresuptoomanyculturalconnotationswhichinvolvehistoricalallusions,religion,gardenarchitectures,customs,habitsandsoon.Touristtextsrefertothetextadoptedin,usedfor,andrelatedtotourism,includingguidance,schedules,commissionsletters,intentionletters,contract,advertisements,maps,notices,touristslogans,andintroductionofnaturalsceneriesandculturalattractions,etc.（Chen,2004）.Touristtextscanbedividedintotwocategories:

writtentext（suchasbook,picturealbum,tourmap,notice,brochure,etc.）andinterpretationtext（suchassiteinterpretation,video,TVshow,documentaryfilm,etc）.

2.2FunctionsofTouristTexts

Themainpurposeoftouristtextsareenlargingpeople’sknowledgeandinspiringtourists’interestsintravelingbytheintroductionandpublicityofthenaturalsceneriesandculturalattractions（Yao,1998）.Sotouristtextshavetwofunctions:

oneistotransmitinformation,andtheotheristoattracttourists.Alltextscanbedividesintothreetypesaccordingtothefollowingthreefunctions:

“

（1）theexpressivefunction,whichfocusesonthemindofthespeaker,thewriter,andtheoriginatoroftheutterance;

（2）theinformativefunction,whichconcentratesontheexternalsituation,thefactsofatopicconcerned,realityoutsidelanguage;（3）thevocativefunction,whichpaysattentionontherelationshipoftheaddressee.”（Newmark,2001）Ingeneral,mosttextsarebasedononeleadingfunctionandaresupplementedbytheothertwofunctions.AccordingtoNewmark’sclassificationoftexts,theleadingfunctionoftouristtextsisvocativefunction.Becausethepurposeoftouristtextsistoattracttourists,arousetheirinteresttovisitthetourismdestinationandstrengthentheirunderstandingofChineseculture.Buttouristsarewillingtoobtainthebackgroundinformationabouttouristdestinationsbeforetheyvisitthere.Byreadingtouristtexts,theycangetrelevantknowledgeaboutthenature,geography,cultureandcustomsofthedestination.Sotouristtextsarealsoinformative.

Asweallknow,westerncountriesandChinafallintotwodifferentculturalsystems.Theyhavemanydifferencesingeographicalenvironment,historicalconditions,thinkingpatterns,socialstructures,etc.,whichisalsoembodiedintheirtouristtexts.Thus,culturaldifferencesbecomeonebigissueforforeignerstounderstandthetranslationofChinesetouristtexts.Tobetterrealizethetwobasicfunctionsoftouristtextsdiscussedabove,itisveryimportanttodealwiththeculturaldifferencesintouristtextscarefully.

2.3MajorTran