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听力材料Unit13
Unit13
SectionOneTacticsforListening
Part1Spotdictation
Encouragement
"MaybewhenI'mahundred,I'llgetusedtohavingeverythingIdo
(1)takenforgranted,"ayounghomemaker
(2)confidedtoherneighbor."IfBillwould(3)complimentmeonceinawhile,(4)he'dmakemylifemuchhappier."
Fewofusrealizehowmuchweneed(5)encouragement.Yetwemustbask*inthewarmthof(6)approvalnowandthenorloseourself-confidence.
Allofusneedtofeel(7)neededandadmired.Butunlesswehearwordsofpraisefromsomeoneelse,howcanweknowthatweare(8)valuedfriendsorco-workers?
Anyonewhowantstoimprovehisrelationshipswithothersneedonlyshowa(9)sympatheticunderstanding.Thewaytoexpressthisunderstandingandtogiveothersthefeelingof(10)importanceandworthinessboilsdownto*this:
alwayslookforsomethingintheotherpersonyoucan(11)admireandpraise-andtellhimaboutit.
Weeachhaveamentalpictureofourselves,a(12)self-image.Tofindlifereasonablysatisfying,thatself-imagemustbeonewecan(13)livewith,onewecanlike.Whenweareproudofourself-image,wefeel(14)confidentandfreetobeourselves.Wefunctionatourbest.Whenwe
are(15)ashamedofourself-image,weattemptto(16)hideitratherthanexpressit.Webecome/
(17)hostileandhardtogetalongwith.
The(18)effectsofpraisecanbegreatindeed.Praise(19)transformedtheice-cubemembersintowarmhearted(20)humanbeings.
Exercise
Directions:
Listentothepassageandfillintheblankswithwhatyouhear.
(RefertoTapescript)
Part2listeningforGist
Fouroutoffiveofallchildrenwhogotleukemia*in1960died.Nowfouroutofeveryfivesurvive.Thesecretofthismiraculouschangeistherosyperiwinkle*,aforestflowerwhichtribaldoctorshadusedforcenturies.TheUnitedStatesNationalCancerInstitutehasidentifiedmorethan2,000tropicalrainforestplantswithabilitytofightcancer.Infact,about4,000ofalldrugsgivenoutintheUnitedStatestodayowemuchoftheirstrengthtochemicalsfromwildlife,largelyfromtherainforest.
Otherdrugsincludequinine,whichcomesfromaSouthAmericantree,andsufferersfromhighbloodpressuregetrelieffromthesnakeroot*plantfromIndianforests.Thearmadillo*,ofSouthAmericaishelpingusfindacureforleprosy*.
Exercise
Directions:
Listentothepassageandwritedownthegistandthekeywordsthathelpyoudecide.
1)Thispassageisaboutsomewildlifefromforeststhatcanbeusedinthetreatmentofcertaindiseases.
2)Thekeywordsareleukemia.survive:
change.forestflower:
2.000tropicalrainforestvlants,fightcancer.quinine.aSouthAmericantree:
highbloodpressure.snakeroot:
armadillo.leprosy.
SectionTwoListeningComprehension
Part1dialogue
HowtoSucceed
Dario:
IthinkthemostimportantthingyoumusthavetosucceedinItalyiser...ofcourse,youhavetobeambitious,becauseifyouarenotambitiousyoucan'treachyouraim,yourtarget.Andyoumusthavealsoanaturalability*,becauseyoumustadaptyourselfandyourworkander...enjoyyourwork,ofcourse.AndItalianpeopleareusedtoworkingalotandtodoinghardwork.Ofcourseyoumustalsoknowtherightpeoplebecauseifyouwantajobandyoudon'tknowanybodyyouhavetoworkmuchharder.
Interviewer:
Soifyouweregoingtochooseonefactor,Dario,whichonedoyouthinkwouldbethemostimportant?
Couldyouchooseone?
Dario:
Yes,ambition.
interviewer:
Thankyou.
(DialogueB)
Sue:
IthinkthattobesuccessfulinSpainyouneedambition,becauseit'swhatmakesyou
wanttoworkanddosomethingdifferent.AndIthinknaturalabilityisalsoimportant.TobeagoodmusicianandtosucceedIthinkthatyoumusthavesomethingspecial.AndIthinkthatknowingtherightpeopleisimportantbecauseitcansaveyoualotoftime.Youdon'tspendsomuchtimetryingtogetsomethingifyouknowpeoplethatcanhelpyou.
Interviewer:
Whatwouldyousayisthemostimportantthing?
Sue:
AmbitionIthinkisthemostimportant.
(DialogueC)
Taylor:
Ithinkthemostimportantthingsarehardwork,andgoodeducation,andnaturalability.
TheJapanesehaveatraditionalcultureandwethinkthatworkingindustriouslyisavirtue,solazinesscannotbeacceptedbysociety.Andagoodeducation-anyonewhowantstoandwhomakestheeffortcanenterthefamousuniversities,soer...whenweestimatesomeone'sabilitywelookatwhetherhe'sgraduatedfromuniversityornot.Butifsomeonewantstosucceed,ofcourseheneedsambitionandnaturalability.
Interviewer:
Soforyou,whichisthemostimportantfactor?
Taylor:
Oh,inJapan,hardwork,definitely.
Exercise
Directions:
Youaregoingtolistentothreepeopletalkingabouthowtheysucceededindifferentcountries.Takenotesandcompletethefollowinggrid.
Country
Profession
Qualityrequired
Themostimportantfactor
A
Italy
---------
Ambitious,adaptive,communicative
Ambition
B
Spain
Musician
Ambitious,havingnaturalability,being
Ambition
abletoknowtherightpeople
C
Japan
~
Hardworking,well-educated,ambitious,
Hardwork
havingnaturalability
Part2passage
GlobalEconomyofthe21stCentury
1)Themovetowardaglobaleconomyhasbeenfurtherstrengthenedbythewidespreadadoptionofliberaleconomicpolicies.
2)Currenttrendssuggestthattheworldismovingrapidlytowardaneconomicsystemthatismorefavorableforthepracticeofinternationalbusiness.
3)Theworldmaybemovingtowardamoreglobaleconomicsystem,butglobalizationisnotinevitable.
4)Itissimplyworthnotingthatevenfromapurelyeconomicperspective,globalizationisnotallgood.
5)Theopportunitiesfordoingbusinessinaglobaleconomymaybesignificantlyenhanced,buttherisksassociatedwithglobalfinancialcontagionaregreater.
Thelastquarterofthecenturyhasseenrapidchangesintheglobaleconomy.Barrierstothefreeflowofgoods,services,andcapitalhavebeencomingdown.Thevolumeofcross-bordertradeandinvestmenthasbeengrowingmorerapidlythanglobaloutput,indicatingthatnationaleconomiesarebecomingmorecloselyintegratedintoasingle,interdependent,globaleconomicsystem.Astheireconomiesadvance,morenationsandareasarejoiningtheranksofthedevelopedworld.Agenerationago,SouthKoreaandSingaporewereviewedassecond-tierdevelopingareas.Nowtheyboastpowerfuleconomies,andtheirfirmsaremajorplayersinmanyglobalindustriesfromshipbuildingandsteeltoelectronicsandchemicals.Themovetowardaglobaleconomyhasbeenfurtherstrengthenedbythewidespreadadoptionofliberaleconomicpoliciesbycountriesthatfortwogenerationsormorewerefirmlyopposedtothem.Thus,followingthenormativeprescriptionsofliberaleconomicideology,incountryaftercountryweareseeingstate-ownedbusinessesprivatized,widespreadderegulation*,marketsbeingopenedtomorecompetition,andincreasedcommitmenttoremovingbarrierstocross-bordertradeandinvestment.Thissuggeststhatoverthenextfewdecades,countriessuchastheCzechRepublic,Poland,Brazil,China,andSouthAfricamaybuildpowerfulmarket-orientedeconomies.Inshort,currenttrendssuggestthattheworldismovingrapidlytowardaneconomicsystemthatismorefavorableforthepracticeofinternationalbusiness.
Ontheotherhand,itisalwayshazardoustotakeestablishedtrendsandusethemtopredictthefuture.Theworldmaybemovingtowardamoreglobaleconomicsystem,butglobalizationisnotinevitable.Countriesmaypullbackfromtherecentcommitmenttoliberaleconomicideologyiftheirexperiencesdonotmatchtheirexpectations.Clearly,thiswouldbeatougherworldforinternationalbusinessestocompetein.
Moreover,greaterglobalizationbringswithitrisksofitsown.Thiswasstarklydemonstratedin1997and1998whenafinancialcrisisinThailandspreadfirsttootherEastAsiannationsandthenin1998toRussiaandBrazil.Ultimatelythecrisisthreatenedtoplungetheeconomiesofthedevelopedworld,includingtheUnitedStates,intoarecession.Itissimplyworthnotingthatevenfromapurelyeconomicperspective*,globalizationisnotallgood.Theopportunitiesfordoingbusinessinaglobaleconomymaybesignificantlyenhanced,butaswesawin1997-1998,therisksassociatedwithglobalfinancialcontagion*arealsogreater.Still,therearewaysforfirmstoexploittheopportunitiesassociatedwithglobalization,whileatthesametimereducingtherisksthroughappropriatehedging*strategies.
ExerciseAPre-listeningQuestion
Thefollowingtwofactorsmustbetakenintoconsiderationalthoughtherearemanyotherswhichwilldecidethefutureofthedevelopment.Oneisthatthefoodandenergysituationwillbecomeworseandworsewiththeincreasingworldpopulation.Theotheristhatourlivingenvironmenthasnowbeenheavilypollutedasaresultoftheboomingofmodemindustries.Peopleallovertheworldarenowfacingthepressurestopreservetheenvironment.Forexample,rainsofbittertastesometimesmixedwithfinegrainsofsand,blackascoal,havebeenfallingupontheroofs,hillsandfields,riversandlakes.
ExerciseBSentenceDictation
Directions:
Listentosomesentencesandwritethemdown.Youwillheareachsentencethreetimes.
ExerciseCDetailedListening
Directions:
Listentothepassage~andcompletethefollowingsentences.
1)Therapidchangeshavetakenplaceinthepast25yearsintheglobaleconomybecausebarrierstothefreeflowofgoods,services,andcapitalhavebeencomingdown.
2)Thevolumeofcross-bordert