七年级英语下册语法知识点.docx
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七年级英语下册语法知识点
Unit1语法知识点
本单元谈论笔友有关内容
1.befrom=comefrom来自于
Eg:
HeisfromJapan.=HecomesfromJapan.
IshefromJapan?
=DoeshecomefromJapan?
Whereishefrom?
=Wheredoeshecomefrom?
2.penpal(复数)penpalsappletree(复数)appletrees
womanteacherwomenteachers(复数)
manteachermenteachers(复数)
当名词修饰名词,变复数时第二个名词变复数,男女修饰名词时,都变复数。
3.CountryPeopleLanguage
ChinaChinese
CanadaCanadian(s)
AustraliaAustralian(s)
FranceFrenchman(Frenchmen)French
JapanJapanese
AmericaAmerican(s)
EnglandEnglishman(Englishmen)English
4.就语言提问特殊疑问词是Whatlanguage
Eg:
HespeaksEnglish.
Whatlanguagedoeshespeak?
5.favorite=like…best最喜欢…
Eg:
Myfavoritecolorisred.=Ilikeredbest
What’syourfavoritecolor?
=Whatcolordoyoulikebest?
6.livein+地点eg:
HelivesinShanghai.
Wheredoeshelive?
7.want:
①want+n.eg:
Iwantanewpen.
②wanttodosth想要做某事
eg:
Iwanttobuyanewpen.
③wantsb.todosth想要某人做某事
eg:
Iwantyoutobuyanewpen.
注:
want=wouldlike
8.interest:
n.兴趣
adj.interesting\interested两个词区别:
Thebookisinteresting.
主语必要是物(thebook)
IaminterestedinEnglish.
主语必要是人(I)
※短语:
sb.beinterestedinsth某人对某物感兴趣。
9.country可数名词manycountries许多国家
Eg:
Therearemanycountriesintheworld.
10.时间前面介词:
at\in\on
at+点at7:
00
in+月份\年inMayin
inMay,intheevening
on+星期\详细时间onSundayonMay2,
ontheSundayevening
11.alittle一点+不可数名词
little几乎没有+不可数名词
afew一点+可数名词
few几乎没有+可数名词
eg:
Thereisalittlewaterintheglass.CanIdrink?
Ihaveafewfriendsinmyclass.
Thereislittlemilk,let'sbuysome.
Ihavefewlessonsonweekends在周末.
注:
alittle+adjEg:
Heisalittleshy.
12.liketodosth.偶尔喜欢做某事
likedoingsth始终喜欢做某事
Ilikesinging,butIdon’tliketosingtoday.
13.with表达“和”同and表达“和”区别
HeandIgoshoppingeveryday.(HeandI做主语,2人)
Hewithmegoesshoppingeveryday.
(He做主语,不看with背面)
=Hegoesshoppingwithmeeveryday.
※and不用于否定句和疑问句中,表达和时用or.
14.too:
放在必定句中句末表达“也”Eg:
Nicetomeetyou,too.
too+形容词表达“太”Eg:
Sheistoobeautiful.
15.writetosb.给某人写信Eg:
Canyouwritetomesoon?
16.tellsb.aboutsth.告诉某人关于某物
Eg:
Pleasetellmeaboutyourstudy学习.
17.dislike=don’tlikedislikes=doesn'tlike
18.选取疑问句:
构成:
①普通疑问句②用or连接选取某些
----Isitapenorapencil?
----It’sapen.
19.四说:
speak:
强调说某种语言能力。
say:
强调说内容
tell:
告诉,讲述tellsb.todosth告诉某人做某事
tellsbaboutsth告诉某人关于某事
talk:
谈话talkto\withsb同某人谈话
Unit2语法知识点
本单元谈论问通往某地路
1.就地点提问特殊疑问词用:
where
Where’sthepostoffice?
Thepostofficeisnexttotheschool.
infrontoftheschool.
behindtheschool.
acrossfromtheschool.
betweenthelibraryandtheschool.
即:
主语+be+方位介词+某地
2.询问地点表达:
①Where’sthepostoffice?
②Isthereapostofficenearhere?
③Canyoutellmewherethepostofficeis?
④Canyoutellmehowtogettothepostoffice.
⑤Canyoutellmethewaytothepostoffice?
注:
theway(to)+地点表达通往….路如果地点是副词如home、here、there等to必要省略)thewayhome\here\there
※onone’sway(to)+地点在某人通往某地路上
3.intheneighborhood在周边、在附近
gostraight始终向前走
turnleft\right向左\右转
ontheleft\right在左\右侧
takeawalk散步
welcometo…欢迎到…
godown…沿着…走
4.enjoy:
enjoy+doingsth喜欢高兴做某事
enjoy+oneself使…自己高兴
=havefundoingsth=haveagoodtime
Eg:
Ienjoyswimming.
Ihavefunswimming.
5.begin:
v..开始
n.beginningthebeginningof…开始
6.某地\It+bea\an+adj.placetodosth.
某地\它是一种做某事…地方
Eg:
Itisagoodplacetoplay.
7.到达表达:
arrivein+大地点WearriveinBeijing.
at+小地点Wearriveatschool.
getto+地点reach+地点
8.letsb.dosth.让某人做某事Lethimgotoschool.
letsb.notdosth让某人不做某事Lethimnotgotoschool.
9.cross:
v.交叉acrossprep通过crossingn.交叉口
through\across
through强调有障碍物通过立体穿过
across强调十字交叉通过平面穿过
10.closev.关闭——v.open打开
closedadj.关着——openadj.开着
keepsthclosed\open使….关着\开着
11.hope:
但愿①hopetodosth.但愿做某事
IhopetovisittheGreatWall.
②hope+(that)从句
IhopethatIcanvisittheGreatWall.
注:
不可以说hopesb.todosth
wish但愿①wishsb.todosth
②wishtodosth
③wish+(that)从句
Unit3语法知识点
本单元谈论喜欢何种动物及因素
1.kind:
①副词kindof+adj.=alittle+adj.表达“一点,几分”
Eg:
Theyarekindofsmart.
②名词:
akindof+可数名词表达“一种”
twokindsof+可数名词表达“两种”
allkindsof+可数名词表达“各种各样”
③形容词:
和蔼
Eg:
Theoldmaniskind.
2.playwith和…玩IlikeplayingwithTom.
Don’tplaywithfire.
3.祈使句:
表达祈求或命令语调。
必定构成:
①(Please)+V原+其他Pleasecomein.
②V原+其他,(Please)Comein,please.
否定构成:
①Don’t+(Please)+V原+其他
Pleasedon’tcomein.
②Don’t+V原+其他,(Please)
Don’tcomein,please.
4.duringtheday在白天atnight在晚上
5.relaxv.放松(当主语是第三人称单数时relax变为relaxes)
adj.relaxing主语是物
relaxed主语是人
6.friend:
n.朋友
adj.friendly和谐befriendlytosb.对某人和谐
Theteacherisfriendlytoherstudents.
在英语中以-ly结尾词为副词,如:
usually,really,carefully等。
但有特殊:
friendly,lovely为形容词
形容词修饰名词放于名词前adj+nbeautifulgirl
副词修饰动词、形容词和副词adv+adjverybeautiful
v.+advthanksalot
7.表达征求对方意见表达:
①Whynot+dosth为什么不…?
Whynotgotothezoo?
②How\Whataboutdoingsth?
…怎么样?
Whataboutgoingtothe
zoo?
8.比较下面句子:
Heisa12-year-oldboy.
有连字符做定语,名词用单数
Theboyis12yearsold.
无连字符做表语
9.反意疑问句:
征求对方看法或意见。
以Let’s开始反意疑问句,固定用shallwe?
10.感叹句表达:
①Whata\an+adj+可数名词单数+代词+谓语
Whatabeautifulgirlsheis!
②How+adj+the+可数名词单数+谓语
Howbeautifulthegirlis!
Unit4语法知识点
本单元谈论询问对方职业
1.询问对方职业表达:
①Whatdoyoudo?
Whatdoeshedo?
②Whatareyou?
Whatishe?
③What’syourjob?
What’shisjob?
回答:
主语+be+职业
2.work:
v.工作workwithsb.\sth.同某人工作\同某物打交道.
Heworksinarestaurant.=Heisawaiter.
Heworkswithmoney.她同钱打交到.
n.工作不可数名词著作可数名词
job:
n.工作可数名词
3.givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.给某人某物=把某物给某人
Eg:
PleasegiveZhaomingthepen.
=PleasegivethepentoZhaoming.
4.help:
n.不可数名词Pleasegivemesomehelp.
v.helpsb.(to)dosth.协助某人做某事
helpsb.withsth.\doingsth在某方面协助某人
Hehelpsme(to)studymath.=Hehelpsmewithmath.
5.talkto\withsb同某人谈话。
intheday在白天atnight在晚上
goouttodinners外出就餐
5.bebusy(in)doingsth.忙于做某事
Heisbusyinstudyingthemath.
7.hard:
adv.努力地;刻苦地Hestudieshard.
hardly:
adv.几乎不Ihardlyhavelessonsonweekends.
8.haveajobforsb.as+职业给某人提供一种…职业工作
WehaveajobforTomasateacher.
9.news:
消息不可数名词
apieceofnewstwopiecesofnews
10.inhospital\inthehospital
inhospital住院Heisill,heisinhospital.
inthehospital在医院里Mymotherworksinthehospital.
Unit5语法知识点
本单元学习当前进行时态:
1.当前进行时:
强调此时此刻正在做事情。
翻译为…正在做…
Look、listen、now是当前进行时标志。
必定构成:
主语+be(am、is、are)+ving+其她
IamwatchingTV.
否定构成:
主语+be(am、is、are)+not+ving+其她
IamnotwatchingTV.
疑问构成:
Be+(am、is、are)+主语+vin+其她
Yes,主语+beNo,主语+be+not
AreyouwatchingTV?
Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot.
注意:
HewatchingTV.(错)由于无be动词
HeiswatchTV.(错)由于没变当前分词
Ving:
当前分词变化规则:
①+ingwatch-watching
②不发音e结尾去e+ing
③重读闭音节双写辅音字母+ing
④以ie结尾将ie变y+ing
2.gotomovies=gotoamovie去看电影
3.waitforsb.等待某人
Heiswaitingforabus.
4.talkto\withsb同…说话
Heistalingwithhisfriends.
talkabout谈论
Theyaretalkingaboutmath.
talkonthephone通过电话谈论
5.speaktosb对某人说话
Unit6语法知识点
本单元学习询问天气表达
1.询问天气如何?
①How’stheweather?
②What’stheweatherlike?
It’s….
n-adjsnow-snowywind-windysun-sunny
cloud-cloudyrain-rainy
2.How’sitgoing?
进展如何?
答语:
Great.
Prettygood.
Notbad.
Terrible.
3.thankyoufordoingsth感谢做某事
=thanksfordoingsth(注意for是介词介词+ing常用介词有in,of,at,for,about,on等)
4.takevacation度假takeaphoto=takephotos照相
5.some…others…某些在…另某些在…
Somearetakingphotos,othersarelyingonthebeach.
6.surprise:
n.惊讶toone’ssurprise使某人惊讶是…
v.使…惊讶是…Hesurprisedme.
adj.surprising物
surprised人
7.relax:
v.放松relaxes(单三形式)adj.relaxing物relaxed人
8.haveagoodtime=havefun=enjoydoingsth=enjoyoneself
9.weather:
天气(不可数)Whatniceweatheritistoday!
Unit7语法知识点
本单元学习学问别人外貌
1.looklike看起来像…look是动词
like是介词表达“像…作为动词表达“喜欢”
Whatdoeshelooklike?
=Whatishelike?
(其中belike…既可以询问性格也可以询问外貌)
答语:
Heistall\short.
Hehaslongcurlyhair.
Heisofmediumbuild.=Hehasamediumbuild.(building建筑物)
Heisofmediumheight.=Hehasamediumheight.
2.thecaptainof…队长Heisthecaptainofsoccerballteam.
3.lovetodosth喜欢做某事IlovetowatchTV.
4.telljokes讲笑话playajokeonsb.同某人开玩笑
5.stop:
stopdoingsth停下来正在做事
stoptodosth停下来去做别事
Theteacehriscoming,pleasestoptalking.(talk)
Iamtired.Pleasestoptohave(have)arest.
6.alittlebit+adj\adv=alittle一点
Heisalittlebitheavy.
abitof+不可数名词=alittle
7.with:
“和”,“留有”
Heistall.Hehasshorthair.
=Heistallwithshorthair.
8.remember\forget:
remember\forgettodosth记着\忘掉将要做某事
remember\forgetdoingsth.记得\忘掉做了某事
Pleaseremembertoclosethedoor.(记着去关门)
Irememberclosingthedoor.(我记得关门了)
Unit8语法知识点
本单元学习去饭店就餐时对话
掌握下面对话:
Waiter:
CanIhelpyou?
(WhatcanIdoforyou?
)
Costomer:
I’d(Iwould)likesomenoodles.
Waiter:
Whatkindofnoodleswouldyoulike?
Costomer:
I’dlikebeefandtomatonoodles,please.
Waiter:
Whatsizebowlofnoodleswouldyoulike?
Costomer:
Whatsizesdoyouhave?
Waiter:
Largebowl,Mediumbowl,Smallbowl.
Costomer:
Mediumbowl,please.
2.wanttodosth\wouldliketodosth想要做某事区别
①want没有委婉语调,而wouldlike有委婉语调
②want是行为动词,而would是助动词
Doyouwanttoeatice-cream?
Wouldyouliketoeatice-cream?
注意:
在委婉语调中“某些”只能用some.
Unit9语法知识点
1.过去时态:
表达发生在过去时间里动作或存在状态。
表达过去时间状语:
yesterday昨天thedaybeforeyesterday前天twodaysago两天前justnow刚才
lastnight\year\week\month\昨天晚上\去年\上周\上个月
过去时态构成:
必定公式:
主语+动词过去式+其她
否定公式:
①主语+was\were+not+其她
②主语+didn’t+动词原形+其她
疑问公式:
①Was\Were+主语+其她?
②Did+主语+动词原形+其她
Hewasateachertwoyearsago.必定句
Hewasn’tateachertwoyearsago.否定句
Washeateachertwoyearsago?
普通疑问句
Iwentshoppingyesterday.必定句
Ididn’tgoshoppingyesterday.否定句