高中英语名词性从句专题讲解和巩固练习含答案.docx
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高中英语名词性从句专题讲解和巩固练习含答案
高中英语名词性从句专题讲解及巩固练习
定义：
起名词性作用的从句，叫名词性从句。
本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语部分，换由一个句子来充当，这样的句子就是名词性从句。
引导词
功能及作用
从属连词
that
只连接句子，无意义
If/whether
连接句子，表疑问
连接代词
whatwhichwho
主语
whatwhichwhom
宾语、表语
whose
形容词词性，后接名词
wh-ever
与wh-功能一致，语气加强
连接副词
whenwherewhyhow
状语，连接副词不能与介词搭配
【归纳】
1.只能用whether,不能用if
a.主语从句
b.表语从句
c.同位语从句
e.介词后的宾语从句
f.whethertodo做动词宾语不能用iftodo.
g.whetherornot连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.
2.that和what的区别
what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。
that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。
例：
Ihavenodoubtthathewillcome.
Ihavenoideawhathedidthatafternoon.
一．主语从句：
在复合句中作主句的主语。
●__________heisafamoussingerisknowntous.
●__________hewillgotoAmericaisnotyetfixed.
●__________she’scomingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.
●__________broketheglassyesterdayisnotclear.
【keys】That;When/How;Whether;Who
【归纳】
1.为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语。
例：
Thatherhairwasturninggrayworriedheralot.
-----Itworriedheralotthatherhairwasturninggray.
常考句型：
It’slikely/possible/important/necessary/clearthat…
很可能/重要的是…/必要的是…/很清楚…
It’ssaid/reportedthat…据说/据报道…
Itseems/appears/happensthat…显然、明显、碰巧…
It’sbeenannounced/declaredthat…已经通知/宣布…
It’snowonderthat…并不奇怪/无疑…
It’sapity/afact/acommonknowledge/acommonsayingthat…
2.if不能引导主语从句，只能用whether
3.单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用句单数形式；如果是两个或两个以上的主语作主语，谓语动词则视情况而定。
例：
Whenandwherehewasbornhasn’tbeenfound.
Whenhewasbornandwherehewasbornhaven’tbeenfound.
【巩固练习】
1._________makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.
2._________Icanpaybackthehelpthatpeoplegivememakesmeveryhappy.
3.It’snotclear_________wasresponsiblefortheaccident.
4._________isintheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mail.
5._________hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.
6._________we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.
7.________isknowntousallisthatAmericaisadevelopedcountrybelongingtotheFirstWorld.
8._________worriesmyclassmateMaryalotthesedaysisthatsheputsontoomuchweightandsheisfrequentlyill.
9.Itmakesnodifference________youwillgotodayortomorrow.
10.Itisknowntous______wherethereispollution,thereisharm.
【keys】1.what2.that3.who4.what5.that
6.whether7.what8.what9.whether10.that
二．表语从句：
在复合句中作主句的表语。
新增引导词：
asif,asthough,because
例：
Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.
【归纳】
1.如果句子的主语是suggestion,advice,order,demand,proposal等名词时,后面引导的表语从句用should+动词原形,should可省略。
例：
Hissuggestionisthatwe（should）finishtheworkatonce.
2.固定句型：
Thereasonwhy...isthat……的理由是，…的原因是…
Itisbecause…这是因为…
【巩固练习】
1.Thistownis_________shewasborn.
2.Thequestionis_________wecan’tgotheretoday.
3.Thereasonwhyhehasmadesuchgreatprogressis_________hehasneverwastedhistime.
4.Myadviceisthathe_________（go）toschoolbybike.
5._________shecouldn’tunderstandwas_________fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.
6.Energyis_________makesthingswork.
7.Theresultis_________wewonthegame.
8.Thisis________wewanttoknow.
9.Butwhereshecouldgetsuggestionsand________willgiveheradvicepuzzlesher.
【keys】1.where2.that3.that4.（should）go5.what;why
6.what7.that8.what9.who
三宾语从句：
在复合句中作主句的宾语。
【归纳】
1.在谓语动词、介词、动词不定式、分词、动名词之后都可以带有宾语从句。
某些形容词如sure,happy,glad,certain,pleased等之后也可以带有宾语从句。
例：
Webelievethatheishonest.
Payattentiontowhattheteachersaid.
Iamsure/certainthathe’sathomenow.
adj+宾语从句，即“形宾”：
形容词都是表示思想状况或感情色彩的形容词，如certain,sure,positive,afraid,convinced,anxious,disappointed,worried,glad,happy,sorry,amazed,surprised,aware,doubtful,confident等等
2.如果宾语从句是由that引导，and或but连接的两个或两个以上的并列的宾语从句,那么只有第一个that可以省略，第二个或第二个以后的that不能省略.
例：
Hesaid（that）thetextwasverydifficultandthatwehadtoworkhardatit.
如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，就用it作形式宾语，将宾语从句后置，并且that不可以省略.
例：
Hehasmadeitclearthathewillwinthegame.
3.表示“建议，命令，要求”的宾语从句，如advise,suggest,order,request,require,demand等，从句用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形,should可省略。
4.在“主语+believe/think/suppose/know/expect”的结构中，其否定形式要用否定转移，即主句否定，从句肯定。
例：
Idon’tthinkhewillcome.
5.宾语从句的时态呼应：
a.如果主句时态是一般现在时或将来时,从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态.
b.如果主句谓语是一般过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态,但如果从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规律等时，从句谓语通常用一般现在时。
【巩固练习】
1.Tellme______isonyourmind.
2.Wemuststickto______wehaveagreedon.
3.Tofindout_________shecangetslimmerandhealthierhasbecomehermaintask
4.JaneGoodall’sresearchmakes_______clearthatchimpsactuallyeatmeat.
5.JaneGoodallargues_________wildanimalsshouldbeleftinthewildandnotusedforentertainment.
6.Nooneknowsexactly_________theearthbegan,asithappenedsolongago
7.Thegirlsbegantorealize________Canadaisquiteemptyaftertwodays’travel.
8.Burnsarecalledfirst,secondorthirddegreeburns,dependingon_________layersoftheskinareburned.
【keys】1.what2.what3.how4.it5.that6.when7.that8.which
四．同位语从句在复合句中起同位语的作用。
一般放在名词idea；belief；fact；truth；problem；news,information;hope;thought;promise等之后,用以说明或解释前面的名词。
【归纳】
1.which和whose不能引导同位语从句
2.名词suggestion,advice,order等词后的同位语从句的谓语动词要用should+动词原形,should可省略。
3.同位语从句有时没有紧跟在名词后面，而是被别的词分开，称为隔裂式同位语从句。
4.如何判断同位语从句和定语从句?
a.定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。
定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个成分，充当宾语成分时可省略。
b.同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。
引导同位语从句的that在同位语从句中不做任何成分，只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略.
【巩固练习】
1.Weallknowthetruth______theearthgoesroundthesun.
2.Theproblem______itisrightorwronghasnotyetbeendecided.
3.Theyexpressedthehope______theywouldcomeovertoChina.
4.Thefact______hedidn’tseeTomyesterdayistrue.
5.Thesuggestion_______heputforwardatthemeetingwasagreedtobymostpeople.
6.Somepeoplehavetheidea________youcancrossCanadainlessthanfivedays,buttheyforgetthefact________Canadais5,500kilometersfromcoasttocoast.
【keys】1.that2.whether3.that4.that5.that6.that;that
五．强调句
句型：
Itis+who/that+其他
【综合练习】
I.单句填空
1._________istotakeLiMing’splaceisbeingdiscussed．
2．Igotveryangrywith_________hesaid．
3．Myideais________weshouldgetmorepeopletofinishthework．
4．Iwonder____________itistrueornot．
5．Theproblemis__________wecouldhelpsmokerskicktheirhabit.
6.________lifewillbelikeinthefutureisdifficulttopredict.
7.Itistrue_________hesettledtheargument.
8.Theyarecarefulabout____________theyeat.
9.Thediscussiontopicfortodayis____________schoolwillbelikeinthefuture.
10.__________manyrareanimalsmaydisappearisaseriousmatterintheworld.
11.Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleased________hewasamanofaction.
12.Wehaven'tsettledthequestion__________itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad.
13.____________makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.
14.Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?
Thatwas_________wedidthismorning.
15.Pleaseremindme_________hesaidhewasgoing.Imaybeintimetoseehimoff.
16.---Whatdidyourparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?
---Theyalwaysletmedo__________IthinkIshould.
17.Oneadvantageofplayingtheguitaris___________itcangiveyouagreatdealofpleasure.
【keys】1.who2.what3.that4.whether5.how6.what7.that8.what9.what
10.that11.that12.whether13.what14.what15.when16.what17.that
II.单句改错
1.ExactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwherewenowknowasCalifornia,noonereallyknows.
2.InDisneyland,childrencandoalmosteverythingwhattheyareinterestedin.
3.Pleasekeepitinmindaboutthatastitchintimesavesnine.
4.Trynottostartsmoking,becausethatiswhat10millionpeopledieeveryyearintheworld.
5.Shewasextremelyangryhearingthat,andthat’sbecauseshelefttheboardmeetingwithoutsayingaword.
6.Shelefttheboardmeetingwithoutsayingaword,anditwaswhyshewasextremelyangryhearingthat.
7.Shewasextremelyangryhearingthat,whichIguesswasthereasonthatshelefttheboardmeetingwithoutsayingaword.
8.Shewassoangryhearingitthatwhenshelefttheboardmeetingwithoutsayingaword.
9.Theywereeagertofindoutwhichthemostfamoustouristspotwasinthatcity.
10.XieLei’stutortoldherthatotherpeoplethoughtwasnotthemostimportantthing.
11.Wemustworkhardtogetpreparedbecausewedon’tknowthatwhatwewillbefacedwithinthefuture.
12.Thatreallymattersisthatyouhavethecouragetostandupwhenyou’rebeatendown.
13.Itisthatyouhavethecouragetostandupwhenyou’rebeatendownwhatmatters.
14.Weareallsureaboutthatyouwillmakeagoodteacherinthefuture.
15.Weareallsureyouwillgettheproblemssolvedandyouwillmakeanexcellentteacherinthefuture.
16.I’dappreciateifyouhelpedmeoutofthis.
【keys】
1.去掉in2.what---that3.去掉about4.what---why5.because---why
5.why---because7.that---why8.去掉when9.which--whether
10.that---what11.去掉that12.第一个that---what
13.when--that14.去掉about15.and后加that16.if前加it
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