Unit 1 单元测试题 1book5.docx

Unit 1 单元测试题 1book5.docx

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Unit1单元测试题1book5

Unit1Greatscientists

第二部分：

阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

Generallyspeaking,waitingroomsarealwaysfilledwithalotofimpatientpeople.However,aprojectcarriedoutby TheObserver suggeststhatpeopleregardthesespacesasaplaceofrefuge（避难）,awindowintheirtightlyscheduledlives.

EllaDoroudy, Margate Station

Wewereatthebeachfortheday,andnowareonourwayhome.Wedon’thavetowaitverylong,becausewecheckedthetimetablesowegothereintimeforthetrain.Ijustchatwithmymates,really,andlistentomusicuntilthetraincomes.Waitingwithotherpeopleiseasierbecauseyoucankilltimewhenyou’retalkingaboutstuff.

CarolineLacey, Streatham Dental Center

Idon’treallygetnervousaboutseeingthedentist,butsincethesetwofillings（补牙的材料）cameoutI’vebeeninsharppain.It’sverybrightandairyhere,soit’squitecalming.UsuallyIkilltimebyreadingmagazines.I’vebeencomingtothedentistasandwhenIneedto,butnowit’sgottoberegular.

KatieHawkins,ModelCasting

Iwasabitlatetoday,whichI’mquitepleasedaboutbecausesomeofthesegirlshavebeenwaitingages.Youcan’thelpbutlookateveryoneelseabit—youlookattheothergirlsandthink:

“Iwonderifthey’lllikeherbetterthantheylikeme.”WhileI’mwaiting,I’mthinking:

“Ohcomeon. Idohavealife!

”

PaulThomas, Royal London Hospital

Ifeelprettyindifferent（满不在乎的） whileI’mwaitinghere,tobehonest.It’ssomethingI’vegotveryusedtosincemymotorbikeaccidentsevenyearsago.I’vehadabout32operationssofar.It’snogoodrushinginthinkingyou’regoingtoescapeinfiveminutes,soIjustsitbackandpeople-watch,really.

21.WhatisElladoingatMargateStation?

A.Checkingthetimetable.

B.Catchingthetraintothebeach.

C.Meetingandpickinghermatesup.

D.Waitingforthetraintoreturnhome.

22.HowdoesCarolinefeelaftersheentersthewaitingroom?

A.Bored.

B.Excited.

C.Relaxed.

D.Nervous.

23.WhatkindoffeelingdoesKatieprobablyshowwhensheisthinking“Idohavealife!

”?

A.Impatience.

B.Satisfaction.

C.Amazement.

D.Confidence.

24.Whoenjoyslookingatthepeoplearoundhimorherwhilewaiting?

A.PaulThomas.

B.EllaDoroudy.

C.KatieHawkins.

D.CarolineLacey.

B

Throughouthistoryscientistshaveriskedtheirhealthandtheirlivesintheirsearchforthetruth.

SirIsaacNewton,theseventeenthcenturyscientist,wasverysmart,butthatdidn’tstophimfromdoingsomeprettystupidthings.InhislaboratoryinCambridgeheoftendidthestrangestexperiments.Once,whiletestinghowlightpassesthroughlenses（晶状体）,heputalongneedleintohiseye,pushedittotheback,andthenmoveditaroundjusttoseewhatwouldhappen.Luckily,nothinglong-lastingdid.Onanotheroccasionhestaredatthesunforaslongashecouldbear,todiscoverwhateffectthiswouldhaveonhissight.Againheescapedsuffering permanent damage,thoughhehadtospendsomedaysinadarkenedroombeforehiseyesrecovered.

Inthe1750stheSwedishchemistKarlScheelewasthefirstpersontofindawaytoproducephosphorus（磷）.Heinfactdiscoveredeightmorechemicalelementsincludingchlorine（氯）,thoughhedidn’tgetanypraiseforthem.Hewasaverycleverscientist,buthisonefailingwasacurioushabitoftastingalittleofeverysubstanceheworkedwith.Thisriskypracticefinallycaughtupwithhim,andin1786hewasfounddeadinhislaboratorysurroundedbyalargenumberofdangerouschemicals,anyofwhichmighthavebeenresponsibleforhisdeath.

EugeneShoemakerwasarespectedgeologist.Hespentalargepartofhislifestudyingcraters（火山口）onthemoon,andhowtheywereformed,andlaterdidresearchintothecometsoftheplanetJupiter.In1997heandhiswifewereintheAustraliandesertwheretheywenteveryyeartosearchforplaceswherecometsmighthavehittheearth.WhiledrivingintheTanamidesert,normallyoneoftheemptiestplacesintheworld,anothervehiclecrashedintothemandShoemakerwaskilledonthespot.Someofhisashes（骨灰）weresenttothemoonaboardtheLunarProspectorspacecraftandleftthere — heistheonlypersonwhohashadthishonor.

25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“permanent”inParagraph2mean?

A.Brief.

B.Slight.

C.Lasting.

D.Ordinary.

26.WhatdidKarlScheelelikedoingwhenperformingexperiments?

A.Tastingchemicals.

B.Stayingintheemptylab.

C.Experimentingindarkness.

D.Workingtogetherwithothers.

27.WhatspecialhonorwasShoemakergivenafterhisdeath?

A.HewasburiedintheTanamidesert.

B.Someofhisasheswereplacedonthemoon.

C.OnecometofJupiterwasnamedafterhim.

D.AspacecraftcarryinghimtraveledaroundJupiter.

28.Thetextismainlyaboutthreegreatscientists’_____.

A.specialhonors

B.greatachievements

C.famousexperiments

D.sufferinginthejob

C

Worldwide,humansuseabout1trillionplasticbagseachyear.Butexpertssaythey’recausingmajortroublefortheenvironment.That’swhycitieslikeAustin,Texas,andSanFrancisco,California,havebanned（禁止）plasticbags.NewYorkCityplanstochargeafive-centfeeforeverybag.

Infact,ittakes10to20yearsforaplasticbagtobreakdown.Eventhen,tinypiecesofthebagneverreallygoaway.Manyplasticbagsgetwashedouttosea.Thousandsofseaanimals,likedolphinsandwhales,dieeachyearbecauseofplasticbags.Someanimalsthinkthebagsarefoodandeatthem.Butananimal’sbodycan’tprocess（处理）abaglikeitprocessesfood.Thebagcancauseaveryslow,painfuldeathforananimal.Seaanimalsaren’ttheonlyoneseatingplastic.Thechemicalsinplasticbagscangetintothegroundatalandfill（垃圾填埋地）.Thechemicalscanalsogetintothebodiesofanimalsweeat.Thatmeansthechemicalscangetintoourwaterandfood.

Plasticbagswerefirstintroducedin1977.Peoplethoughtthebagsweremuchbetterthanpaperbags.Plasticbagswerestrongerandcheapertomake.Theywerelightandeasytouseandstore.Plasticbagscanalsobehealthiertouse.Germsfromrawmeatandvegetablescanlivealotlongeronclothorpaperbagsthantheydoonplasticbags.

Alotofpeoplesaythatgettingridofplasticbagsisn’tnecessary.Instead,theywanttoreducethenumberofbagsweuse.NewYorkCity’sbagfeeisonewaytodothat.Shoppersmightthinktwicebeforeusingaplasticbagiftheyhavetopayforit.MostAmericansalreadyreuseplasticbags.Somepeopletakeplasticbagsbacktothestorethenexttimetheyshop.Otherspacktheirlunchesinthem.Andmanypeopleusethemtopickupaftertheirdogs.SomestoresaretryingbagsmadefrommoreEarth-friendlymaterials,likecorn（玉米）.Butitisnotclearyetifthesewillhelptheenvironment.

29.What’sthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Thevalueofplasticbags.

B.Thefutureofplasticbags.

C.Thedangerofplasticbags.

D.Theprocessingmethodsofplasticbags.

30.Whatcanwelearnaboutplasticbagsmadefromcorn?

A.Theyprovetobedeadlytoseaanimals.

B.Theycanbreakdownentirelylikefood.

C.Theyarehealthiertousethanpaperbags.

D.Theydonoharmtotheenvironment.

31.What’stheattitudeofNewYorkCitytowardsplasticbags?

A.Theirusageshouldbereduced.

B.Theyshouldbeofferedforfree.

C.Theyshouldbebannedentirely.

D.Theirmaterialsshouldbefromplants.

D

Forthelastfiveyears,IhavebeenfortunateenoughtoworkonalargevocabularyresearchprojectforCambridgeEnglish,the EnglishVocabularyProfile.Youcanviewtheresultsforfreeonlineatwww.englishprofile.org.WorkingwithCarolCassidy,wedevelopedadatabase（数据库）,containingthewordsandphrasesthatlearnersofEnglisharoundtheworldtypicallyknowanduse.Weanalyseda50-million-wordcollectionoflearners’writingfromCambridgeEnglishexams,butwealsolookedatthevocabularytaughtinbest-sellingBritishandAmericanEnglishcoursebooks.

WehavefoundthattherearesomewordsthatarestillcharacteristicallyBritishorAmerican.Britishpeoplehavebiscuitswiththeircupofteaorcoffee,butAmericanshave cookies.WehavecookiestooinBritain,buttheyareacertaintypeofbiscuit,suchaschocolatechipcookies,wheretheoriginalrecipe（配方）isAmerican.ABritishperson goesonholiday,whileanAmericantakesavacation;youvisitacitycentre inBritainbut godowntown intheUS.

AfewwordshavedifferentmeaningsacrossthetwovarietiesofEnglish,whichcouldcausesomeembarrassment（尴尬）:

Americanswhoarewearingpants havetheirlegscovered,butifaBritishpersonisdressedonlyinpants,theyareintheirunderwear（clothesthatyouwearnexttoyourbodyunderyourotherclothes）!

Andifyouneedtofillupyourcarwithfuel,youcanaskfor gas intheUS,butyouneedtobuy petrol inBritain,as “gas” isnotaliquid（液体）inBritishEnglish.

Overall,though,ourresearchshowsthatBritishandAmericanEnglisharestillveryclosetoeachother.The10mostcommonwords（the,of,to,and,a,in,that,is,forandI）arethesameinbothcountries,andmostoftheUK’s5,000mostcommonwordsarealsointheUSA’stop5,000.

32.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprojecttheauthorworkedon?

A.Itoffersvocabularycoursesonline.

B.Itisbasedonpowerfulevidence.

C.ItisastudyonEnglishexams.

D.Itaimstocollectnewwords.

33.WhatmayBritishpeoplerefertowhentheysay“cookies”?

A.Tinychocolatecakes.

B.BiscuitsmadeinBritain.

C.Americanbiscuitrecipes.

D.Avarietyofbiscuit.

34.WhichsentencemaybeproperwhenyouchatwithBritishpeople?

A.Mycarhasrunoutofliquid!

B.Itisgreattowearpantsfortheparty.

C