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新概念教程
新概念教程
一名词单数变复数规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:
book-booksbag-bagscat-catsbed-beds
2.以s.x.sh.ch结尾,加-es如:
bus-busesbox-boxesbrush-brusheswatch-watches
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为I,再加-es,如:
family-families
4以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v,再加-es如:
knife-knivesstraxberry['strɔ:
bəri]n.草莓-straxberries
5不规则名词复数变化单复同形特殊变化专有名词复数名词
1)名词复数的不规则变化
(a变e)man---men woman---women policeman-policemen
与 man 和 woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是 -men 和-women
如:
an Englishman,two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓,其复数是the Bowmans
oo变ee:
foot—feettooth—teethgoose—geese
不规则
Child—childrenmouse—mice
2)单复同形
(1)fish—fishsheep---sheepChinese—ChineseJapanese—Japanese
English—Englishdeer[diə]—deer鹿
(2)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数
people police cattle ['kætl]n.牲
(3)由两部分组成的glassestrousers['trauzəz]n.裤子clothes[kləuðz]n.衣服,
3)不可数名词watermilkjuicetea
6以O结尾加—es
mosquito[məs'ki:
təu]n.蚊子---mosquitoeshero['hiərəu]n.英雄---heroes
negro['ni:
ɡrəu]n.黑种人—negroesmango['mæŋgəʊ]n.芒果---mangoes
potato—potatoestomato---tomatoes
以o结尾加—shippo['hipəu]n.河马bamboo[bæm'bu:
]n.竹zoophoto
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
写出下列各词的复数
watch________child________photo_________diary['daiəri]n.日记_______day_______foot________book_________dress_________tooth________sheep_________box_________strawberry____________thief__________peach__________
sandwich['sænwidʒ]n.三明治____________man_________woman___________
water_________tea______apple______baby_______wife_______day_________
boy________wish_________class_________sheep__________
二一般现在时
一般现在时基本用法介绍
No.1一般现在时的功能
1.表示事物或人物的特征,状态。
如:
Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。
2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。
如:
Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。
3.表示客观现实。
如;Theearthgoesaroundthesun,地球绕着太阳转。
一般现在时的构成
1,be动词:
_____________________________________________________________
\
2,行为动词:
_____________________________________________________________
当主语为第三人称单数(hesheit)时______________________________________
一般现在时的变化
1.be动词的变化
肯定句:
______________________________________________________________
否定句:
______________________________________________________________
一般疑问句:
__________________________________________________________
特殊疑问句:
_________________________________________________________-
2,行为动词的变化
主语不是单三时
肯定:
S+V原+其它。
Ilikebread.
否定句:
S+don’t+V原+其它Idon’tlikebread.
一般疑问句:
Do+S+V原+其它?
Doyouoftenplayfootball?
Yes,Ido/No,Idon’t
特殊疑问句:
特问+do+S+V原+其它?
Whatdoyoulike?
主语是第三人称单数时
肯定:
S+Vs+其它。
Shelikesbread.
否定句:
S+doesn’t+V原+其它Shedoesn’toftenplayfootball
一般疑问句:
Does+S+V原+其它?
Doesshegotoworkbybike?
Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn’t
特殊疑问句:
特问+does+S+V原+其它?
Howdoesyourfathergotowork?
动词+s的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:
cook-cooks,walk—walks
2.s,x,sh,ch,o结尾,加-es,如guess-guesses,wash-washeswatch-watches,go-goes
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为I,再加-es,如:
study-studies
一般现在时用法专练:
一.写出下列动词的第三人称单数
drink________go________stay________make__________look________have______
pass________carry________come_______watch________plant[plɑ:
nt]vt.种植_______fly_______study_________brush_________do________teach________
二.用括号内动词的适当形式填空
1.Heoften_______(have)dinnerathome.
2.DanielandTommy_______(be)inClassOne.
3.We________(notwatch)TVonMonday.
4.Nick________(notgo)tothezooonSunday.
5.________they________(like)theWorldCup?
6.What_________theyoften________(do)onSaturdays?
7._______yourparents_________(read)newspaperseveryday?
8.Thegirl_________(teach)usEnglishonSundays.
9.SheandI_______(take)awalktogethereveryevening.
10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.
11.Mike_______(like)cooking.
12.They_______(have)thesamehobby.
13.Myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.
14.Youalways________(do)yourhomeworkwell.
15.I________(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.
16.She________(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.
17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.
18.Thechildoften________(watch)TVintheevening.
19.SuHaiandSuYang________(have)eightlessonsthisterm.
20.–Whatday_______(be)ittoday?
⏹It’sSaturday.
三.按照要求改写句子
1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否定句)
2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
3.Shelikesmilk(改一般疑问句,作肯定回答)
_______________________________________________________________
4.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
5.Wegotoschooleverymorning(改为否定句)
6.HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改为否定句)
7.Iliketakingphotosinthepark(对划线部分提问)。
8.JonecomesfromCanada(对划线部分提问)
9.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
10.SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.(改为否定句)
四.改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)
1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?
_____________________________________
2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?
______________________________________
3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass._______________________________________
4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish._________________________________________________
5.Shedon’tdoherhomeworkonSundays.___________________________________
三.现在进行时
1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或阶段正在进行的动作。
2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.
3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not.
4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
动词加ing的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:
cook—cooking
2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:
make—makingtaste-tasting
3.重读闭音节,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:
run-runningstop-stopping
现在进行时专项练习
一.写出下列动词的现在分词:
play_______run__________swim__________make________go__________
like________write________ski_________read_______have__________
sing_________dance_________put_________see__________buy_________
love________live_________take__________come_________get__________
stop________sit__________begin_________shop___________
二.用所给的动词的正确形式填空
1.Theboy_____________(draw)apicturenow.
2.Listen.Somegirls_________(sing)intheclassroom.
3.Mymother_________(cook)somenicefoodnow.
4.What_________you_______(do)now?
5.Look.They_________(have)anEnglishlesson.
6.They______________(pot,water)theflowersnow.
7.Look!
thegirls____________(dance)intheclassroom.
8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?
She_________(listen)tomusic.
9.It’s5o’clocknow.We____________(have)suppernow.
10._______Helen_________(wash)clothes?
Yes,sheis.
三,句型转换
1.Theyaredoinghousework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)
2.Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定答)
3.I’mplayingthefootballintheplayground.(对划线部分进行提问)
4.Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.(对划线部分进行提问)
四.将来时理论及练习
一,概念:
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算,计划或准备做某事。
句中一般有以下时间状语:
tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow(后天)等。
二.基本结构:
1)begoingto+do
2)will+do
三,否定句:
在be动词(am,is,are)后加not或情态动词will后加not成wont.
例如:
I’mgoingtohaveapicnichisafternoon.→I’mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.
四,一般疑问句:
be或will提到句首,some改为any,and改为or,第一,二人称互换。
例如:
Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.→Areyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?
五.对划线部分提问。
一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。
1.问人。
Who___________________________________________________________
2.问干什么。
What….do_________________________________________________
3.问什么时候。
When_____________________________________________________
练习:
填空
1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
I_______________________________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.
I_________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.
2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?
我想去打蓝球。
What____________________________________________________nextMonday?
I___________________________playbasketball?
3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?
是,她要去买一些水果。
________yourmother________________goshoppingthis_______________?
Yes,she___________.She__________________________________buysomefruit.
4.你打算什么时候见面。
Whattime_________you_____________________meet?
改句子。
5.Nancyisgoingtogocamping.(改否定)
Nancy__________goingtogocamping.
6.I’llgoandjointhem.(改否定)
I________go_________jointhem.
7.I’mgoingtogetupat6:
30tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)
______________________________togetupat6:
30tomorrow?
8.Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:
30.
____________________meetatthebusstopat10:
30.
9.Sheisgoinggolistentomusicafterschool.(对划线部分提问)
__________________she___________________________afterschool?
10.Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.(同上)
_____________________goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.
用所给词的适当形式填空。
11.Todayisasunnyday.We___________________(have)apicnicthisafternoon.
12.Mybrother_____________(go)toShanghainextweek.
13.Tomoften___________(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He________(go)toschoolbybike.
14.Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?
Iusually________(watch)TVand________(catch)insects?
15.It’sFridaytoday.What______she________(do)thisweekend?
She___________(watch)
TVand________(catch)insects.
16.What_________(do)youdolastSunday?
I__________(pick)applesonafarm.
What_________(do)nextSunday?
I___________(milk)cows.
17.Mary__________(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.
18.LirTao_________(fly)kitesintheplaygroundyesterday.
19.David__________(give)apuppetshownextMonday.
20.I___________(plan)formystudynow.
五一般过去时
1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。
一般现在时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:
(1)am和is在一般过去时中变为was.(wasnot=wasn’t)
(2)are在一般过去时中变为were.(werenot=weren’t)
(3)带有was或were的句子,其否定,疑问的变化和is,am,are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
2.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句:
didn’t+动词原型,如:
Jimdidn’tgohomeyesterday.
一般疑问句:
在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原型。
如:
DidJimgohomeyesterday?
特殊疑问句:
(1)疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?
如:
WhatdidJimdoyesterday?
动词过去式变化规则:
1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:
pull-pulledcook-cooked
2.结尾是e加d,如;taste-tasted
3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-