高考词汇3500归纳总结.docx
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高考词汇3500归纳总结
高中词汇3500归纳总结
高考对于词汇的考查基本可以分为两类:
词汇的辨析和词汇的使用,词汇的辨析要求考生熟悉词汇的词义;词汇的使用需要考生掌握词汇的用法和固定搭配。
还有一部分认知词汇是超出《2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》要求的3000词范围,基本上只要求认识即可,除个别高频重点认知词需掌握搭配、用法之外,不需要着重学习。
词汇3500中简单词汇在1100左右,核心词汇在1600左右,认知词汇在800左右。
根据统计分析高考试题,历年高考命题中的高频词汇为1000左右。
一、高频辨析词汇
高频名词辨析
“能力”:
ability,capacity,talent,competence
“疼痛”:
ache,pain,hurt,harm
“声音”:
accent,noise,sound,voice
“事件”:
affair,matter,thing,business,event,accident,incident,occurrence
“目标”:
aim,object,target,purpose,goal
“地区”:
area,region,district,zone
“论文”:
article,paper,essay,thesis
“岸边”:
bank,coast.beach,shore
“战争”:
battle,war,fight
“信念”:
belief,faith,trust,confidence
“原因”:
cause,reason,excuse
“运气”:
chance,fortune,luck
“国家”:
country,nation,state,power
“疾病”:
disease,illness,trouble
“操练”:
drill,practice,train,exercise
“土地”:
earth,ground,land,soil,mud
“力量”:
energy,strength,force,power
“测试”:
test,examine,inspect
“工厂”:
factory,plant,mill,works
“家”:
family,house,home
“门”:
gate,door,entrance
“错误”:
fault,mistake,shortcoming
“恐惧”:
fear,dread,fright,dismay,panic,terror,alarm
“雾气”:
fog,mist,haze,smog
“丛林”:
forest,wood(s),jungle,plantation
“客人”:
guest,visitor,caller,passenger,customer
“假日”:
holiday,vacation,leave
“工作”:
job,work,labor,task
“演讲”:
lecture,speech,talk,address
“信息”:
news,information,message
“工资”:
pay,salary,wage
“时期”:
period,epoch,era,age
“影响”:
result,effect,influence,outcome
“外形”:
shape,form,figure
“风景”:
scenery,scene,sight,view
“种类”:
kind,sort,type
“旅行”:
travel,trip,journey,tour,voyage
高频动词/动词短语辨析
“接受”:
accept,receive
“指控”:
accuse,charge,indict,blame,sue
“获得”:
achieve,gain,get
“承认”:
acknowledge,recognize,admit
“允许”:
allow,permit,let
“争论”argue,debate,dispute
“到达”:
arrive,get,reach
“建立”build,buildup,found,putup,construct,setup
“抓住”:
catch,seize,hold
“检验”:
examine,check,test
“选择”:
choose,elect,pick
“连接”:
connect,join,unite
“认为”:
consider…(as…),regard…as…,thinkof…as…,treat…as…
“继续”:
continue,goon,last
“花费”:
cost,spend,pay,take
“喊叫”:
cry,shout,yell,scream,call
“毁坏”:
damage,destroy,ruin
“保卫”:
defend,guard,protect
“推迟”:
delay,postpone,putoff
“期望”:
desire,wish,want
“处理”:
dowith,dealwith
“怀疑”:
doubt,suspect
“穿”:
dress,bedressedin,bein,haveon,puton,wear
“期盼”:
expect,look,forwardto,wait(for)
“修理”:
mend,repair,patch,fix
“建立”:
found,establish,organize,form
“变化”:
grow,get,become,turn
“发生”:
happen,takeplace,occur,comeabout
“参加”:
join,joinin,takepartin,attend
“杀死”:
kill,murder,shoot
“喜欢”:
like,love,enjoy,befondof,goinfor
“获得”:
obtain,acquire,gain
“提供”:
supply,provide,offer
“说服”:
persuade,convince
“拥有”:
possess,own,have
“准备”:
bepreparedfor,bereadyfor,prepare,preparefor
“寻找”:
search,searchfor,find
“说”:
speech,lecture,talk
“停止”:
cease,pause,stop
“拜访”:
callon,dropinon/at,see,visit
“看上去像”:
appear,seem,look
“拿来,带来”:
bring,take,carry,fetch,get
“看,发现”:
discover,find,findout,invent,see,look,lookat,watch,catchsight
of,notice,observe
高频形容词/形容词短语,副词/副词短语辨析
“准确的”:
precise,accurate,correct,exact
“惭愧的”:
ashamed,shameful
“美丽的”;beautiful,handsome,pretty,good-looking
“特殊的”:
particular,special
“安静的”:
quiet,still,calm,silent
“不同的”:
various,different
“困难的”:
difficult,hard
“渴望的”:
eager,keen,anxious
“著名的”:
famous,well-known
“迅速的”:
fast,quick,rapid,swift
“好的”:
good,fine,well,allright,nice
“笨的”:
stupid,foolish,silly
“许多的”:
many,alotof/lotsof,much,quite,very
“真实的”:
real,true
“正确的”:
right,correct,just,upright
“完全的”:
all,whole
“正确的”:
right,correct,just,upright
“也”:
also,either,too/aswell
“特别地”:
especially,specially,particularly
“曾经”:
ever,once
“快速地”:
immediately,quickly
“相当地”:
fairly,quite,rather
“别的,其他的”:
else,other
“有可能的”:
likely,possible,probable
“类似的,相似的”:
similar,like,alike
“平常的,普通的”:
common,ordinary,general,universal,usual,normal,easy,
Simple
表“程度”:
的确certainly
绝对absolutelynecessarily
必然probably
大概,恐怕perhapsmaybe
或许possibly
从不,不可能never
高频介词,连词辨析
表“方位”:
above,below,on,beneath,over,under,inside
aboveon▲
▁▁↖↑↗▁▁▁▁▁▁▁▲▁▁▁▁▁▁▁↑▁▁
↙↓↘▼↓
belowbeneath▼
表“之间”:
among,between
表“因为”:
because,since,as,for
表“之前”:
before,ago
表“除了;除此之外”:
except,exceptfor,exceptthat,but
二、高频固定搭配/常用短语、句型
able→ability→disable→disabled→unable→enable→disability→inability
beabletodosth.能做某事
abilityfor/insomework做某项工作的能力
abilityindoingsth./abilitytodosth.做某事的能力
beabouttodo正要做某事,表示即将发生的动作
begoingtodo可预见,或即将发生的事情
betodo按计划即将发生的动作
acrossfrom在……对面
come(run)across偶然碰到
getsth.across使人理解,领会
act→action→inaction→active→→inactive→activity→inactivity→actor→actress
actas充当,担任
actout表演(对话,故事等)
intheactof(doingsth.)正要干某事
putonanact装模作样
takeaction采取行动
bringanactionagainstsb.对某人提起诉讼
beactivein在---积极
adapt→adaptation
adaptoneselftosth.使自己适应或习惯于某事
adaptsth.to是某事物适应或适合
adaptfor使适合于,为---改编
adapfrom根据---改编
add→addition
addin包括,加进去
addupto加起来总和是;意味着
addto增加,加强
add---to---把---加到---上
inaddition另外,加之
inadditionto除---之外
advance→advantage
inadvance预先,事先
inadvanceof在---去前面,在---之前
beofgreat(no)advantageto对---大大有利
gain(have)anadvantageover(of)胜过,优于
takeadvantageofsb.利用某人;欺骗某人
advice→advise
askforsb.’sadvice征求某人的建议
giveadvice提建议
givesb.adviceonhowtodosth.就如何干某事提出忠告
takesb.’sadvice接受某人的意见
beafraidtodosth.“怕”或“不敢”去做某事
beafraidofdongingsth.担心做某事
beagainstone’sproposal反对
goagainstnature违背自然
allalong一直,始终
allover遍及
atall全然;究竟
notatall一点也不
inall总计
mostofall最---
firstofall首先
allbut几乎,差一点
amaze→amazing
beamazedat/beamazedtodosth./beamazedthat对---/因---而感到惊讶
analyse→analyse→analysis
tomakeananalysisof分析
inthefinal/lastanalysis总之
on/uponanalysis经分析
anxiety→anxious
beanxioustodosth.渴望做某事
beanxiousforsb.todosth.渴望某人做某事
veanxiousthan渴望—
beanxiousabout/forsth.对---焦虑
appear→appearance
inappearance看起来,外貌上
keepupappearance撑门面,维持体面
makeone’sappearance登台,出现
putinanappearance露一下,参加一下
by/fromallappearances显然
appreciate→appreciation
appreciate(doing)sth.喜欢(做)某事
appreciatesb./sb.’sdoingsth.感激某人做某事
keepbalance保持平衡
losebalace失去平衡
beinthebalance悬而未决
bansb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事
battle(against)sth.向---开战
battlewith与---搏斗
battlefor为---而战
give/offerbattle挑战
acceptbattle应战
win/loseabattle战胜/战败
battleon继续/斗争
borderconflict边界冲突
borderdisputes边境争端
borderon/uponsth.跟---一样;接近于
bound→boundary
beboundto一定;注定
beboundupin/with与—有密切关系;随---而定
catchon受欢迎
catchupwith赶上
catchsightof看到
catchfire着火
catch(a)cold感冒
challenge→challenging
beyondchallenge无与伦比,无可比拟
bychance偶然,凑巧
byanychance万一,也许
takeone’schance碰运气,冒险
change→changable
changest.withsb.和某人交换某物
change---into---将---变成---
inchargeof支配;负责
inthechargeof受---的支配
takecharge(ofsth.)控制,掌管
freeofcharge免费
chargesb.somemoney像某人要价
checkin(at)登记,报道
checkout(of)结账退房
check(up)on检查
incheck受控制的
cheer→cheerful
cheersb.on为某人鼓劲儿
cheersb.up使某人高兴,振作起来
choose→choice
havenochoicebuttodosth别无选择,只能做某事
haveacommandofsth.控制/掌握某事
makecommentson/uponsth.评论某事
compete→competition
competewith/againstsb.insth.在某方面与某人竞争
competewith/againstsb.forsth.为了某物与某人竞争
concentrate(sth.)on/uponsth.(把某事物)集中在某方面
beconcernedabout/forsth.担心,忧虑,关心
beconcernedwith---与---有关
congratulate→congratulation
congratulatesb.onsth
becontentwith---对---满意
becontenttodo---乐于做---
continuetodo/doingsth.继续做某事
continuewithsth.继续做某事
onthecontrary相反
credit→credit-card
offersb.credit给某人提供赊账
givecredit信任,信赖
cutdown砍到
cutoff切断
cutup齐根切断,切碎
damage→damaging→damagement
damageto---对---造成伤害
deal→dealer
aagreatdealof---大量
makeadeal成交
dealwith处理,解决
demand→demanding
ingreat/highdemand急需
meetthedemandof---满足---的需要
demandforsth.需要某物
differ→difference→different
differonsth.关于某事观点不一致
differfrom和---不同,相异
differwithsb.about/on/oversth.关于某事与某人意见不同
makeadifference有影响,有作用
bedifferentformsth.与某事不同
distant→distance
atadistance隔一段距离
inthedistance在远处
doawaywith摆脱;废除
dowellin在---方面做得好
dosb.afavor帮某人忙
hanesomethingtodowith和---有关
draw→drawing→drawer
drawaconclusion得出结论
drawone’sattention吸引某人的注意
dropin/by随便拜访
dropoff脱落
dropout放弃
effect→effection
haveaneffect/effectson---对---有影响,起作用
end→endless
intheend最后
attheendof在---的末尾
bytheendof到---结束的时候
cometoanend停止
endup结束;死
onend连续地
enjoy→enjoyment
enjoyoneself玩得高兴
enjoysth.喜欢某事物
enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事
evenin/though即使
enenso即使这样
exchangeafewwords交谈
inexchange作为交换
fallapart倒塌
fallbehind落后
fallinlovewithsb.爱上某人
falloff跌落,从---上掉下
fallasleep入睡
fallill生病
favour→favourite
infavourof支持---
inone’sfavour对某人有利
dosb.afavour帮某人的忙
afew少数几个
onlyafew只有几个;没有多少
quiteafew相当多
notafew相当多
fightagainst与---战斗,对抗---
fightwith和---作战
fightfor为---而战
catchfire着火
makeafire生火
setfireto放火烧---
(be)onfire着火,起火
fireatsb./sth.朝某人/某物射击
fortune→mistortune
makeafortune赚大钱,发财
seek/tryone’sfortune碰运气
forfree免费
freeofcharge免费
set---free释放
befreefrom/of免受---
gather→gathering
gathertogether聚在一起
gatheraround聚集在---周围
get
getalong/on(well)with---与---相处(得好)
getdownto开始认真做---
getridof摆脱,除去
gerthrough通过;打通电话
getoutog从---出来
getaway逃脱,离开
getacross通过;理解
getover克服;恢复
getreadytodo准备好做—
getin/into进入,到达
getout出去
getup起床
getoff下来;出发
getaround四处走动;传播开来
getusektodoing习惯做---
habit→habitual→habitually→cusom
develop/form/getina