Application of Domestication and Alienation in the Translation of Enigmatic Folk Simile.docx

Application of Domestication and Alienation in the Translation of Enigmatic Folk Simile.docx

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ApplicationofDomesticationandAlienationintheTranslationofEnigmaticFolkSimile

ApplicationofDomesticationandAlienationintheTranslationofEnigmaticFolkSimile

1.Introduction

Languageisthecarrierofculture,ononehandcultureisbasedonlanguage,andlanguageplaysagreatroleinculture.Ontheotherhand,languageisalsoinfluencedbyculture,andtheyareinterdependentandinteractionaltoeachother.Chineseenigmaticfolksimile,treasureofChineseculture,isaspecialformofChineseidioms.Itiscreatedbylaboringpeopleintheirdailylife,withastrongnationalculturalcolor.Meanwhileenigmaticfolksimilealsohasauniquestructure,anditslanguageisbriefbutfullofhumor.Owingtothis,ChineseenigmaticfolksimilespreadswidelyamongChinesepeopleanditisfavoredbyordinarypeople.

Withthetrendoftheglobalizationcontinuingtostrengthen,internationalculturalcommunicationallovertheworldisalsodeepened.ForeignershaveraisedahitonlearningChineseculturerecentyears,asessenceofChineseculture,Chineseenigmaticfolksimileneedstobelearned.AndlearningChineseenigmaticfolksimilecannotonlydeepentheunderstandingofChineseculture,butalsocontributetospreadingofChinesecultureallovertheworldwidely.SoitisparticularlyimportantforthetranslationofChineseenigmaticfolksimile.However,duetotheuniqueformoflanguage,itisdifficulttofindtheappropriatewaytoexplainitinanotherlanguage.Therefore,translationofenigmaticfolksimilehasbecomeadifficultpointofacademia.HowtoreproducelanguagefeaturesofChineseenigmaticfolksimileanditsrichculturalsignificanceisaproblemworthexploring.In1995,thestrategyofdomesticationandalienationwasputforwardbyLawrenceVenutiwhowasafamousAmericantranslationexpert.Sincethenthestrategyhadbeenwidelyusedinvariousfieldsoftranslation,greatlyfacilitatingthecommunicationofinternationalculture.ThispaperintendstofindappropriatemethodstothetranslationofenigmaticfolksimilebyanalysisingapplicationofthestrategyofdomesticationandalienationinthetranslationofChineseenigmaticfolksimile.

2.AnIntroductiontoChineseEnigmaticFolkSimile

Asfortheword“歇后语”,whentranslatedintoEnglish,itcanbe“rest-endingsayings”or“postpauseexpressions”.Besides,somepeopletranslateitto“examplefolksimiles”,accordingtoitsstructure.ProfessorLuoJiahaowhoisafamousAmericantranslationexperttranslateditto“enigmaticfolksimile”.（Guo,1996）SimilereferstothatChineseenigmaticfolksimileisgenerallymadeupoftwoparts.Thefrontpartisvehicle,whichmeansvividmetaphor,andanotherpartisthebody,whichfurtherlyelaboratedonthevehicletoexplainitsintention；FolkindicatesthatChineseenigmaticfolksimilepossessesthecharacteristicsofcolloquial.Andonaccountoforiginatingandspreadinginordinarypeople,Chineseenigmaticfolksimilehastypicalcharacteristicsofcolloquial；EnigmaticsuggeststhattheexpressionofChineseenigmaticfolksimileholdsthenatureandcharacteristicsofriddle.Inotherwords,Chineseenigmaticfolksimileisariddlethatconsistsoftwoparts:

Riddle（vehicle）andanswertoariddle（body）.Inaword,“enigmaticfolksimile”reflectsthecharacteristicsofspecialstructureandnatureofenigmaticfolksimile.

2.1DefinitionofChineseenigmaticfolksimile

Chineseenigmaticfolksimile,whichwascreatedbyChineselaboringpeopleintheirdailylife,isaspecialformoflanguages.CiHaimakesadefinitionofenigmaticfolksimiles:

Enigmaticfolksimilesareaformofidioms,andmostofthemarehumorousphrasesthatarefamiliartoordinarypeople.Anditcanhidelattertexttoshowthemeaningoftheformerone.Fromthedefinition,itcanknowthenatureofChineseenigmaticfolksimile——abranchofidioms,besides,ithasitsspecialstructuralfeaturesthatismadeupoftwoparts:

theformerpartalwaysdescribesandexplainscommonphenomenonindailylifeandthelatterpartmakescommentandanalysistowardsthephenomenon.

2.2ClassificationofChineseenigmaticfolksimile

Accordingtothecontactoftwoparts:

theformerandlatterone,Chineseenigmaticfolksimilescanbedividedintotwocategories:

metaphoricalsayingsandhomophonicsayings

2.2.1Metaphoricalsayings

MetaphoricalsayingsrefertoChineseenigmaticfolksimileinwhichtheformerpartisametaphorandthelatteroneistheoriginalintention.Forexample:

小葱拌豆腐——一清二白

放虎归山——后患无穷

风箱里的老鼠——两头受气

2.2.2Homophonicsayings

DescriptionsectionisawordofdoublemeaninginthistypeofChineseenigmaticfolksimile,anditbothcontainsthesurfacemeaningofthemetaphorandotherdeepermeaning.Thatis,literalmeaningistheexplanationofthefirsthalfpart,butitshiddenmeaningiscompletecontrarytothewholecontext.Homophonicsayingscanbeclassifiedintoharmonicmeaningpunandhomophonicpun.

一根筷子吃藕——挑眼

“挑眼”oforiginalworkreferstoachopsticktopickuptheeyesonthelotusroot,anditstruemeaningis“pickholes”.

三九天的萝卜——冻了心（动了心）

“冻了心”oforiginalworkreferstotheweatherissocoldthatcarrotsfreezefromtheheart,whichishomonymwith“动了心”，andithasplayedhomophonicpuneffect.

2.3LanguagefeaturesofChineseenigmaticfolksimile

Chineseenigmaticfolksimileisauniquephenomenonoflanguages,anditsstructureisspecialwhichgenerallyconsistsoftwoparts:

thefirstpartisusuallyametaphorwhichisoftencalledas“vehicle”;thelatterpartexplainsitsintentionwhichisknownas“body”.ChineseenigmaticfolksimileisthecrystallizationofChinesecultureandwisdomandknownastheessenceoflanguage.Anditismoretypicalthanotherformsoflanguageinreflectingthecultureofnationalcharacteristics.Chineseenigmaticfolksimilewhoselanguageisvivid,humorousandfullofphilosophyiswidelyusednotonlyinalllevelsofsociety,butalsoinancientandcontemporaryliteratureandsoon.Chineseenigmaticfolksimilecontainsrichculturalconnotations,andmainlyreflectsthelocalculture,religionculture,booksandsoon.

3.TranslationofChineseEnigmaticFolkSimile

TranslationofChineseenigmaticfolksimileneedstoovercomebarriersinbothlanguageandcultureandshealsopointsoutthatitcantakeupdifferentmethods,accordingtotypesofChineseenigmaticfolksimile.

3.1PresentsituationoftranslationofChineseenigmaticfolksimile

AsforthestudiesofChineseenigmaticfolksimile,manyscholarshavemadeuntiringeffortstoexplorethisformoflanguageandhavemadegreatprogress.In1920theBallardSeminarwasestablishedinBeijing;since1930ssomescholarshavewhole-heartedlyembarkedonresearchesandhavecarriedoutheatdebates（Wen,Zhou,2000:

123）.TranslationofChineseenigmaticfolksimilehasalwaysthehotspotoftheacademicdiscussion.Zou（2006）believesthattranslatingmethodofenigmaticfolksimilesmainlydependsonitsowncharacteristics,however,inanycase,themetaphoricmeaningofChineseenigmaticfolksimileneedtobetranslatedaccurately.Yang（2008）considersthattranslationofChineseenigmaticfolksimilecannotjustfocusonthelanguageintheformofconversion,butalsounderstandtheculturalconnotationofChineseenigmaticfolksimiletofindthemeaningbeyondthelanguageofitssurface.Han（2010）claimsthattranslationofChineseenigmaticfolksimileshouldfocusonbothlanguagesectionandculturalpart,andespeciallycaresforthedegreeofcultural“fax”intheprocessofoperation.ItisnecessarytonoticedifferencesandsimilaritiesofculturalconnotationbetweenChineseandEnglish,besides,italsoshouldpayattentiontodifferencesandsimilaritiesofsuperficialmeaning.Qi（2011）holdstheopinionthattranslationofChineseenigmaticfolksimileneedstoovercomebarriersinbothlanguageandcultureandshealsopointsoutthatitcantakeupdifferentmethods,accordingtotypesofChineseenigmaticfolksimile.

3.2TranslationprincipleofChineseenigmaticfolksimile

TranslationofChineseenigmaticfolksimilestressesonbothsimilarformandthesameconnotation.Inotherwords,intheprocessoftranslation,translatorneedstoexpressbothsurfacemeaninganddeepmeaningofChineseenigmaticfolksimileaccuratelyandclearly.Andtranslatorshouldapplydifferenttranslationmethods,accordingtodifferenttypesofChineseenigmaticfolksimilesanddifferentlanguageenvironment,inordertoreflectthestylisticfeaturesandpragmaticcharacteristicsofChineseenigmaticfolksimile.

AsfortranslationofChineseenigmaticfolksimile,itisbettertoregarditasanuniqueculturalandlinguisticphenomenon.Besides,thestructureofChineseenigmaticfolksimiledeterminesthattranslationofChineseenigmaticfolksimileneedstograspitstruemeaningandconnotationthroughliteralmeaning,andthentranslatorshouldemployflexiblemethodstobeengagedintheworkoftranslationofChineseenigmaticfolksimilesoastopromoteChinesenationalculture.

4.ApplicationofDomesticationandAlienationintheTranslationofChineseEnigmaticFolkSimile

IntheprocessoftranslationofChineseenigmaticfolksimile,therealwaysexistsdisputeofdomesticationandalienation.AndthestrategyofdomesticationandalienationcanmaketranslationofChineseenigmaticfolksimileeasier,what’smore,itcanalsomakethetargettexteasytounderstand.

ThestrategyofdomesticationandalienationisatranslationstrategythatisputforwardbyLawrenceVenutiin1995.AnditacceleratesthetranslationofChineseenigmaticfolksimile,anditalsopromotestheinternationalexchanges.

4.1Definitionofthestrategyofdomesti