综合英语第三册unit1课后问题详解.docx

综合英语第三册unit1课后问题详解.docx

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综合英语第三册unit1课后问题详解

SectionFourConsolidationActivities

Ⅰ.Vocabulary

1.WordDerivation

1）assurancen.→assurev.→assuringa.

①她向我们保证一切都会好起来的。

Sheassuredusthateverythingwouldturnoutallright.

orShegaveusherassurancethateverythingwouldturnoutallright.

②他的安慰话帮我排除了恐惧。

Hisassuringwordshelpedtobanishmyfear.

2）discreeta.→discreetlyad.→discretion/discreetnessn.

①提出忠告要谨慎，接受忠告要虚心。

Youneedtobediscreetingivingadvice,humbleinacceptingit.

②那人小心翼翼地把名片放进上衣口袋。

Themandiscreetlyslippedthecardintohistoppocket.

③他以最谨慎的态度处理此事。

Hehandledthematterwithhisbestdiscretion.

3）relaxv.→relaxinga.→relaxationn.

①你可以通过按摩来放松肌肉。

Youcanrelaxyourmusclesbymassage.

②业余爱好应该是可以使人放松的。

Hobbiesaresupposedtoberelaxing.

③瑜伽是一种可以使身心放松的运动。

Yogaisanexercisethatcanprovidementalandphysicalrelaxation.

4）humiliationn.→humiliatev.→humiliatinga.

①士可杀不可辱。

Ascholarprefersdeathtohumiliation.

②他在老板面前批评他的同事，因而让同事蒙羞。

Hehumiliatedhiscolleaguebycriticisinghiminfrontoftheboss.

③历史上中国曾被迫签署了太多屈节辱国的条约。

Inhistory,Chinahasbeenforcedtosigntoomanyhumiliatingtreaties.

5）strategicallyad.→strategica.→strategyn.

①在战略上，我们应该藐视一切敌人。

Strategicallyweshoulddespiseallourenemies.

②西部大开发战略吸引了全世界的注意。

Thelarge-scaledevelopmentstrategyforthewesternregiondrewworldwideattention.

③一般而言，首先参战的那方具有战略优势。

Generally,thefirsttothefieldofbattlehasthestrategicadvantage.

6）embarrassv.→embarrassinga.→embarrassmentn.

①他淘气地寻找机会让他姐姐难堪。

Hemischievouslylookedforachancetoembarrasshissister.

②每个人都会遇到不知该给服务生多少小费的窘境。

Everyonehasfacedtheembarrassingdilemmaofdecidinghowmuchextratogiveawaiter.

③他避免了在众人面前吻她的尴尬。

Hesparedtheembarrassmentofkissingherinfrontofeverybody.

7）maneuverv./n.→maneuverablea.

①他设法跻身董事会。

Hemaneuveredhimselfintotheboardofdirectors.

②在军事演习中，蓝军企图摸营，被红军挫败。

Inthemilitarymaneuver,thebluearmyattemptedtoattacktheredarmy’ssentinelsinthedark,butwasdefeated.

③这艘船的大小适中，可操作性很强。

Theshipisofanappropriatesizeandishighlymaneuverable.

8）maturea.→maturityn.

Antonym:

immaturea.→immaturityn.

①她是位成熟的夫人，但显得年轻而且异乎寻常地美丽。

Shewasamaturewoman,butappearedyoungandwasextraordinarilybeautiful.

②她到十六岁发育成熟。

Shehadreachedmaturitybythetimeshewassixteen.

③不管熟还是没有熟的水果，都可以用糖来保存。

Thefruits,matureorimmature,canbeconservedwithsugar.

2.PhrasePractice

1）Youhavetotakeyourdaughtertohospital,asarashhasbrokenoutonherfaceandhands.

breakout:

（ofwar,fighting,disease,orsimilarlyundesirablethings）startsuddenly

e.g.

印度尼西亚爆发了森林火灾。

ForestfireshavebrokenoutacrossIndonesia.

2）Inthedarkness,I_______therightbox.gropedfor

gropefor:

feelorsearchaboutuncertainly（forsomething）byhands;searchuncertainlyorwithdifficulty（forasolution,answer,etc.）

e.g.

我在黑洞洞的屋里摸索着寻找电灯开关。

Igropeforthelightswitchinthedarkroom.

3）Iwarnedhimrepeatedlythatitwasnogood_______thatkindoftricks________me.trying…on

tryon:

puton（anarticleofclothing）tofindoutwhetheritfitsorissuitable;testtheeffectorresultof

e.g.

①你可以试试这件新上衣。

Youcantryonthisnewcoat.

②人们为什么热衷于摸彩票？

Whydopeopleliketotrytheirluckonlottery?

4）Oursympathies________therelativesofthevictims.gooutto

（one’sheartorsympathy）goouttosb.:

feelsympathytowardssb.andthinkaboutthem

e.g.

他非常同情布莱克曼夫人和她那没有父亲的孩子。

HisheartwentouttoMrs.Blackmanandherfatherlesschild.

5）Thedrugtraffickerswerearrestedafterthepolicewere________bythelocalresidents.tippedoff

tipoff:

giveanadvancewarningorhintto…

e.g.

他向警察告密，揭露了恐怖分子的阴谋。

Hetippedoffthepoliceabouttheterroristplot.

3.Synonym/Antonym

1.Addingtomydistresswasthedistinctimpressionthateveryoneoncampuswaswatchingme.

•Antonyms:

vague,indistinct

2.Withthatthoughtinmind,Iraisedmyhead,squaredmyshoulders,andsetoutinthedirectionofmydorm,glancing（andtheneversodiscreetly）atthecampusmapclutchedinmyhand.

•Synonyms:

carefully,meticulously

3.Whatconfidence,whatreserve,whatmuscles!

•Synonyms:

self-restraint,self-control

4.IspenttheafternoonseekingouteachofmyclassroomssothatIcouldmakeaperfectlytimedentrancebeforeeachlecturewithouthavingtoaskdumbquestionsaboutitswhereabouts.

•Antonyms:

clever,intelligent,sensible

5.Freshmenmanualsadvisedsittingnearthefront,showingtheprofessorinintelligentandenergeticdemeanor.

•Synonyms:

manner,behaviour

6.IwasevenmoresurprisedwhenIsawwhothepoorsoulwas:

theverycomposed,veryupperclassfootballplayerI’dseenjustdaysbefore…

•Antonyms:

excited,agitated

7.IexpectedhimtoslinkoutofthecafeteriaasIhad,butinsteadheturnedaroundandbeganpreparinganothertray.

•Synonym:

sneak

8.WhatIhadinterpretedasamaliciousattempttoembarrassanaivefreshmanhadbeenmerelyamomentofcollegefun.

•Antonyms:

mature,sophisticated

Ⅱ.Grammar

1）      NominalClauses

Therearefivemaintypesofnominalclauses:

that-clauses,interrogativesub-clauses,nominalrelativeclauses,nominalto-infinitiveclausesandnominal-ingclauses.Nominalclausesfunctionlikenounphrases.Theycanoccurassubject,object,complement,apposition,andprepositionalcomplement.

Forexample:

           Thehopeis[thatwewillsucceed].（complement）

           Thehope[thatwewillsucceed]isunrealistic.（apposition）

           [Whatyoudo]doesnotconcernme.（subject）

           Ididn’task[whereyoulive].（object）

           Ihadpreparedmyselfverycarefullyfor[whatImustsay].（prepositionalcomplement）

           [Tosendhimmoneynow]wouldbe[toputthecartbeforethehorse].（subject;complement）

Practice

Combineeachpairofsentencesintoone,usingnominalclauses.

（以下每句话的答案点击以后出现，注意斜体的地方做到ppt里面也要保持斜体）

①Didheevergothereatall?

Doyouknow?

Doyouknowif/whetherheeverwentthereatall?

②Whatdoyouneed?

Youneedagoodrest.

Whatyouneedisagoodrest.

③Whodoesitbelongto?

Youmustgiveitback.

Youmustgiveitbacktowhoeveritbelongsto.

④Idecidedtoresign,whichwaswise.

Mydecisiontoresignwaswise.

⑤Itisproposedthatweshouldimportmoreequipment.Theproposalistobediscussedatthemeeting.

Theproposalthatweshouldimportmoreequipmentistobediscussedatthemeeting.

⑥Whocanhavetoldyouthat?

Itpuzzlesme.

Whocanhavetoldyouthatpuzzlesme.

2）sothat

（以下每句话的答案点击以后出现，注意斜体的地方做到ppt里面也要保持斜体）

Sothatintroducesanadverbialclauseofpurpose,whichusuallycontainsamodalverb.

Forexample:

Theteachermustspeakclearly[sothathisstudentscanunderstandwell].

Theyclimbedtothetopofthemountain[sothattheycouldgetabird’s-eyeviewofthecity].

Practice（以下每句话的答案点击以后出现，注意斜体的地方做到ppt里面也要保持斜体）

Combineeachpairofsentencesintoone,using“sothat”.

1Heworeglassesandafalsebeard.Nobodywouldrecognizehim.

Heworeglassesandafalsebeardsothatnobodywouldrecognizehim.

2Theyarehurrying.Theydon’twanttomissthetrain.

Theyarehurryingsothattheymaynotmissthetrain.

3Pleasearriveearly.Wewanttobeabletostartthemeetingontime.

Pleasearriveearlysothatwecanstartthemeetingontime.

4Johnwantedtobeheardineveryroom.Hespokethroughamicrophone.

Johnspokethroughamicrophonesothathecouldbeheardineveryroom.

5Shelockedthedoor.Shedidn’twanttobedisturbed.

Shelockedthedoorsothatshewouldn’tbedisturbed.

6Johnhasboughtabicycle.Hemaysavemoneyonfares.

Johnhasboughtabicyclesothathemaysavemoneyonfares.

3）AdverbialClausesofConcession

Adverbialclausesofconcessionexpressacontrastofmeaningorimplicationof‘unexpectedness’inrelationwiththemainclauses.Theyareoftenintroducedbyconcessiveconjunctionssuchasalthough,thoughorprepositionssuchasdespite.

Forexample:

[Althoughthecarwasbadlydamaged],noneofthepassengerswashurt.

Weenjoyedourholiday[despitethefactthatitrainedsometimes].

[Howeverdifficultthesituationis],weshallsticktoit.

Practice（以下每句话的答案点击以后出现，注意斜体的地方做到ppt里面也要保持斜体）

Combineeachpairofsentencesintoone,usingadverbialclausesofconcession.

①Hehadbeenpreventedbyillnessfromstudying.Hepassedtheexam.

Hepassedtheexamalthoughhehadbeenpreventedbyillnessfromstudying.

②Hemightbeornotbehere.Ishouldn’thavetimetoseehim.

Nomatterwhetherhewashereornot,Ishouldn’thavetimetoseehim.

③Mr.Johnsonisrich.Mr.Johnsonisbynomeansahappyman.

Richasheis/Althoughheisrich,Mr.Johnsonisbynomeansahappyman.

④Heisill.Heworkshard.

Despite/Althoughheisill,heworkshard.

⑤Theministerescapedwithoutascratch.Everythingaroundtheministerwasblowntopieces.

Thougheverythingaroundhimwasblowntopieces,theministerescapedwithoutascratch.

Ⅲ.Translation

1.听到他屡遭失败的消息，我感到很难过。

（distress）

Explanation

Ifyoudistresssomeone,youupsetthembydoingorsayingsomethingthatcausesthemtofeelunhappyoralarmed.

Translation

Itdistressedmeagreatdealtohearthenewsthathehadsufferedrepeatedfailures.

Practice

①如果我问了你的这一切使你感到苦恼，我很抱歉。

I’msorryifI’vedistressedyoubyaskingallthis.

②请不要自寻烦恼。

Pleasedon’tdistressyourself.

2.他虽然失去了老板的欢心，但仍然装出一副高兴的样子。

（assume）

Explanation:

Ifyouassumeaparticularexpressionorwayofbehaving,youlookorbehaveinthiswaydeliberatelyinordertogivepeopleaparticularimpression.

Translation

Heassumedanairforcheerfulness,eventhoughhelostfavorwithhisboss.

Practice

①文职官员们装出一副军人的样子。

Civilservantsassumeace