25页决胜中考英语压轴题揭秘专题26阅读理解科普或环保或健康类压压轴题.docx

25页决胜中考英语压轴题揭秘专题26阅读理解科普或环保或健康类压压轴题.docx

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25页决胜中考英语压轴题揭秘专题26阅读理解科普或环保或健康类压压轴题

《决胜2015中考英语压轴题全揭秘》第一辑三年中考压轴题

专题26阅读理解（科普或环境保护或健康类）

1.【2014年内蒙古呼和浩特市中考】

Thepolicefindmostcriminals（罪犯）becausesomebodytellsthemwhothecriminalsare.Theyfindothercriminalsbyusingscienceandtheircomputers.Whenthereisabankrobbery（抢劫）,thepolicefirstlookthroughtheircomputersforthenamesofthebankrobbersthattheyknowabout.Thentheygoandtalktoanyoftheserobberswhoarenotinprison（监狱）.Theyaskthemwheretheywerewhentherobberyhappened.Ifanyofthesepeoplecannotgiveagoodanswer,thepolicewilloftenusesciencetofindoutifoneofthemistherobber.

Manycriminalsleavesomethingofthemselvesattheplacesofthecrimeslikeafingerprintorahair.Ortheytakesomethingawayontheirshoesorclothes,likedirtoranimalhair.Iftheyleavebehindsomeoftheirbloodortheirhairorapieceofskin,itwillhavetheirDNAinsideit.

Everyone’sDNAisdifferentandtheirfingerprintsarealsodifferent.So,ifacriminalcutshimselfduringarobberyorleaveshishair,orevenasmallpieceofskin,scientistscanfindoutwhathisDNAis.ThepolicecanthenaskthepersontheythinkistherobbertogivethemhishairorsomebloodandseeifithasthesameDNA.Manycriminalsareinprisontodaybecauseofthiskindofevidences.

根据上文内容判断正（T）误（F）

【小题1】Usuallythepolicefindcriminalsbecausetheyusetheircomputer.

【小题2】Thepolicedonotusuallyaskcriminalswhoareinprisonaboutacrimebecausethesecriminalscouldnothavedoneit.

【小题3】ThemostusefulevidencesthatcriminalsleaveattheplacesoftheircrimesarethingswiththeirDNAinthem.

【小题4】Manycriminalsusuallytakesomethingawayonlyontheirshoesafterthecrimes.

【小题5】Thestoryisaboutabankrobbery.

2.【2014年山东省临沂市中考】

Whatwillthecarbelikeinthefuture?

Maybewecansitinacarthatcandriveitself.

About40yearsago,scientistsfromtheUnitedStatesstartedtodevelopself-drivingcars（无人驾驶汽车）.ThemostfamousrecentonewasmadebyGooglein2009.Therearecamerasandradars（雷达）onthetopofthecar.Theyallowthecomputerinthecartodrawa3Dmapoftheenvironment.Chinesescientistshavealsosuccessfullydevelopedaself-drivingcar.ThecarmadeatripfromChangshatoWuhan.

Isaself-drivingcarsafe?

Arecentstudyshowsthatrobotsmakesaferdriversthanhumans.Ifonly10%ofcarsonthestreetareself-driving,theywillsave1,000lives（生命）everyyear.If90%ofvehicles（交通工具）areself-driving,21,700liveswillbesavedayear.However,aself-drivingcarisexpensiveandeachcostsabout$100,000.Soitisimpossibletobeverypopularinthenearfuture.

根据短文内容，判断下列句子正误。

正确的用“A”表示，不正确的用“B”表示。

【小题1】Americanscientistsstartedtodevelopself-drivingcarsin2009.

【小题2】Camerasandcomputersareonthetopoftheself-drivingcarbyGoogle.

【小题3】InChina,scientistshavesuccessfullydevelopedaself-drivingcar.

【小题4】Themoreself-drivingcarsthereareonthestreet,thefewertrafficdeathstherewillbe.

【小题5】Theself-drivingcarswillbeverypopularinthenearfuture.

3.【2014年四川省乐山市中考】

Usually,studentsarenotencouragedtorunorjumparoundinthecorridor（走廊）.However,studentsinaBritishgrammarschoolreallyenjoyrunningonthecorridortiles（瓷砖）andtheirteachersevenencouragethemtodothat.

Why?

Itisbecausethecorridorwasbuiltwithspecialkinetic（动能的）tiles.Whenstudentsjumponthetiles,electricitywillbegenerated（产生）.Afteroneyear,theelectricitygeneratedfromthetilescanfullycharge853mobilephonesorpower（供电）anelectriccartodrivesevenmiles.It’samazing,isn’tit?

Thecorridortilesarereallyabrilliantinvention.Studentscannotonlyplayonthecorridor,butalsohelppowerthelightsintheirschoolcorridorsandotherdevices（设备）intheirclassrooms.Besides,thisisagoodwaytoteachstudentstobecreative.Theywillbeinspiredtobescientists,inventorsandengineersinthefuturetofindcleanenergyforallhumans.

TheinventorofthemagiccorridortilesisLaurenceKemball-Cook.Hewasonceastudentinthisschool.Now,heisCEOofhisowncompany.ThecorridortilesarenotLaurence’sonlyinvention.Hehasalsoinventedaspecialdancefloor,whichcanbeusedatmusicfestivals.Itallowsdancerstochargetheirmobilephoneswhiletheyaredancingonthedancefloor.

【小题1】Whydothestudentsinthepassageenjoyrunningonthecorridortiles?

A.Becausethecorridortilesareexpensive.

B.Becausetheteachersaskthemtodothat.

C.Becausethecorridorwasbuiltwithspecialtiles.

【小题2】Afteroneyear,theelectricitygeneratedfromthetilescanprovideenoughenergyfor_______.

A.over800mobilephones

B.allthelightsoftheschool

C.anelectriccartodrive70miles

【小题3】Theunderlinedword“inspired”mostprobablymeans“_________”.

A.encouragedB.forcedC.trained

【小题4】WhatelsehasLaurenceinventedbesidesthecorridortilesfromthepassage?

A.Amobilephone.B.Amusicplayer.C.Aspecialdancefloor.

【小题5】Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Studentsarenotallowedtowalkinthecorridor.

B.LaurenceoncestudiedintheBritishgrammarschool.

C.Laurencehasmorethanonecompanyofhisown.

4.【2014年福建省莆田市中考】

Whatdopeopleusuallyputintheirlivingrooms?

PerhapsyouwillthinkofsomethingsuchasaTV,acoffeetableorasofa.ButFrenchdesignersMathieuLehanneurandAnthonyvandenBosschedidn’tthinkthatwasenough.Theywantedtoaddsomethingnewinpeople’slivingrooms.Sotheycreatedado-it-yourselfecosystem（生态系统）named“LocalRiver”.Thesystemletsitsownergrowfishandplantsinsidetanks（缸）intheirlivingrooms.

IntheDIYfishandgardeningecosystem,theplantsontopofthetankfeedonthewasteofthefishbelow.Itmakesthewatercleansothefishcangoonliving.Inthisway,thefishandplantsinthe“LocalRiver”cankeepthebalancedenvironment,andonlyneedalittlehelpfromtheowner.Thesystemisalsocalled“fridge-aquarium（冰箱水族馆）”bysomepeoplebecauseownerscanusethefishandplantsasfood.Thatistosay,ownersareabletogrowfishandplantswithinthe"LocalRiver"beforeeatingthem.Almostanyplantcangrowontopofthetanksandmostfreshwaterfishareabletoliveinthetanksbelow.

The“LocalRiver”ecosystemfromPariscomesinsmallandlargemodels.Itisarelaxingthingtohaveinyourhome.

根据短文内容,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳答案（10分）

【小题1】Fromthepassageweknowthesystemletsitsownergrow_______.

A.fishandplantsB.fishandcrops

C.plantsandtortoisesD.flowersandgrass

【小题2】Theplantsofthesystemfeedon_______.

A.thefishB.thewaterC.thefishwasteD.thefishfood

【小题3】Whyisthesystemcalled“fridge-aquarium”bysomepeople?

A.Becausethetankcanbeputinthefridge.

B.Becauseownerscangrowfishandplantsinit.

C.Becauseownerscaneatthefishandplantsinit.

D.Becauseownerscangrowandeatthefishandplantsinit.

【小题4】WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Allfishareabletoliveinthetanksbelow.

B.ThedesignerMathieuLehanneurcomesfromFrance.

C:

The"LocalRiver"cankeepthebalancedenvironmentbyitself.

D.IntheDIYfishandgardeningecosystem,theplantsgrowunderthetank.

【小题5】Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.FishandPlants

B.Fridge-aquarium

C.BalancedEnvironment

D.“LocalRiver”Ecosystem

5.【2014年福建省漳州市中考】

根据所提供的内容，从四个选项中选择最佳答案。

Butterfliesarecommonallovertheworld，butbutterfliesinhottercountriesareusuallybiggerandmorebrightlycoloredthanthoseincoo1ercountries，andtherearemoredifferentkinds．

Usuallythemale（雄性的）butterfliesaremorebrightlycoloredthanthefemales．Thefemaleshavebiggerandheavierbodiessincetheycarrytheeggs．Thebrightcolorsofthemaleshelptoattractthefemales，andtheduller（较暗淡的）colorsofthefemalesmakethemlesslikely（可能的）tobecaughtbyenemiesbeforetheyhavelaidtheireggs．

Somebutterflieshavebrightpatterncolorsontheuppersurfaceoftheirwingsthatshowwhenflying,butwhentheyrestonatreeorleaves,theyclosetheirwings．Ontheundersidesoftheirwingstherearegreenandbrownmarkswhichlooklikethetreeorleaves．Theyarethendifficulttobeseen．ThebestexampleofthisistheDeadLeafButterfly．Whenitswingsarec1osed，itlooksexactlylikeadeadleaf．Thereareevenmarksthatlookliketheholesinadeadleaf．Whenthebutterflyisrunafterbyabird，itclosesitswingsandseemstohavedisappearedcompletely．

Manybutterflieshaveroundmarksontheirwingsthatlooklikeeyes．Theroundmarkshaveausefulfunction（功能）．Whenthebutterfliesareresting，theirwingsareclosed，andthesemarkscan’tbeseen.Whenabirdseesone，andbeginstoattackit，thebutterflywillopenitsWings.Thebirdthinksthatitseestwoeyesstaringatit，frightened，andfliesaway．

【小题1】Thefemalebutterflieshavebiggerandheavierbodiesthanthemalesbecause_______

A．thefemalescarrytheeggsB．thefemaleseatmore

C．themalesaremoreactiveD．themaleshavesmallerwings

【小题2】Thedullercolorsofthefemalebutterflies___________.

A．helptoflyeasilyB．helptoattractthemales

C．makethemlookfearfulD．makethemhardertobecaught

【小题3】Theunderlinedword“that”inParagraph3referto______．

A．theirwingsB．patterncolors

C．greenleavesD．somebutterflies

【小题4】whenrunafterbyabird，theDeadLeafButterfly_________.

A．isfrightenedandfliesawayatonceB．opensitseyesandstaresatthebird

C．closesitswingsandseemstohavegoneD．opensitswingstofrightenthebirdaway

【小题5】ThelastparagraphmainlytellsUS________

A．whythebutterflycannotbeseenB．howthebutterflyopensits