河南省焦作市普通高中学年上学期新高二定位考试英语试题.docx

河南省焦作市普通高中学年上学期新高二定位考试英语试题.docx

《河南省焦作市普通高中学年上学期新高二定位考试英语试题.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《河南省焦作市普通高中学年上学期新高二定位考试英语试题.docx（26页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

河南省焦作市普通高中学年上学期新高二定位考试英语试题

河南省焦作市普通高中2021-2022学年上学期新高二定位考试英语试题

学校:

___________姓名：

___________班级：

___________考号：

___________

一、阅读选择

Herearethebestsellersthismonth.

TheStoryofBuildings:

FromthePyramidstotheSydneyOperaHouseandBeyond

byPatrickDillon,author;StephenBiesty,illustrator（插画家）

Hardcover$26.99;Paperback$14.80

Wespendmostofourlivesinbuildings.Wemakeourhomesinthem.Wegotoschoolinthem.Butwhyandhowdidpeoplestartmakingbuildings?

Howdidtheylearntomakethemstronger,bigger,andmorecomfortable?

PatrickDillon'sstoriesofamazingbuildingsandtheamazingpeoplewhomadethemcelebratethehumancreation.

WhatWeretheTwinTowers?

byJimO'Connor,author;TedHammond,illustrator

LibraryBinding（装帧）$20.64;Paperback$7.91

WhentheTwinTowerswerebuiltin1973,theyweredescribedasanarchitectural（建筑学的）wonder.OfficesandcompaniesmovedintotheTowers—alsoknownastheWorldTradeCenter—andthebuildingswereseenastheeconomiccenteroftheworld.DiscoverthewholestoryoftheTwinTowers—fromtheirconstructiontotheirsadend.

WhereIsMachuPicchu?

byMeganStine,author;WhoHQ,author;JohnO'Brien,illustrator

LibraryBinding$21.02;Paperback$8.91

BuiltinthefifteenthcenturyandsetinthemountainsofPeru,MachuPicchuwasdesertedaftertheSpaniardscontrolledtheIncanempireinthesixteenthcentury.Itremainedhiddenuntil1911whenHiramBinghamuncoveredtheamazingbuildingsandsharedhisdiscoverywiththeworld.Today,hundredsofthousandsofpeoplevisitthesitetoclimbthe3,000stonestepsandexplorethetoweringmonuments.

Castle

byDavidMacaulay,author

Hardcover$11.98;Paperback$15.80

Whatcouldbemoreperfectforanauthor/illustratorwhohascontinuallyshownthemystique（神秘性）ofarchitecturalstructuresthathavelongattractedmodernman?

Withtypicalinterestandasenseofhumordecoratinghisdrawings,DavidMacaulayfindsthestep-by-stepplanningandconstructionofbothcastleandtown.

1．Whichbookiswrittenbytwoauthors?

A．TheStoryofBuildings:

FromthePyramidstotheSydneyOperaHouseandBeyond.

B．WhatWeretheTwinTowers?

C．WhereIsMachuPicchu?

D．Castle.

2．HowmuchshouldyoupayfortwocopiesofCastleinpaperback?

A．$53.98.B．$29.60.C．$42.04.D．$31.60.

3．Whatfielddothefourbooksbelongto?

A．Arts&Architecture.B．Literature&Fiction.

C．Holidays&Celebrations.D．Computers&Technology.

Policeworkisoftenathanklessjob,sowhenacommunitymembergoesoutoftheirwaytoshowthanks,officerscertainlytakenotice.Formanyyears,theMedfordPoliceDepartmentinMassachusettsfrequentlyfoundplatesofpizzelles（Italiancookies）waitingfortheminthehall.Nobodyknewwhomadethesedeliciouspizzelles,butthatdidn'tkeepthemfromfeelingthelove!

Itwasn'tuntilthesweettreatsstoppedcomingthattheylearnedthestorybehindtheunknown"PizzelleLady".AntoniettaManganiello,alocalwoman,haddonethebakinguntilshefellill.Butshewasn'tgoingtoletthatstopherfromshowingthepoliceherappreciation!

Soshecalledherdaughterandinsistedthatshetakeabagofhergardentomatoestothestationinsteadoftheusualcookies.

Whenherdaughterarrived,theofficersfinallylearnedAntonietta'sidentity!

Naturally,theywantedtothankherforeverythingshehadgiventhemovertheyears,soChiefJackBuckleyarrangedaspecialsurprise.

OneSaturdaymorning,dozensofMedfordpoliceofficersvolunteeredtoshowupoutsideAntonietta'shomeinuniform.Whentheydid,theylinedthestreetstoshowtheirappreciationforthewomanwhowentoutofherwaytoreverethemforsolong.WhenAntoniettasawthem,herfacelitup."Areyoucomingtogetme?

"shejoked.Holdingtheflowers,ChiefBuckleyexplainedwhatherkindnessmeanttothemenandwomeninblue.Hesaid,"Wearesothankfulforeverythingyou'veeverdone."Asifthatgesturewasn'tenough,BuckleythenpresentedAntoniettawithaspecialplaque（匾牌）madeoutto"ThePizzelleLady".

Itmightnotseemlikemuch,butitclearlymeantalottoManganiello.It'sevidencethatit'sthelittlethingsthatreallymatterinlife.Sometimes,itonlytakesonesmallgesturetomakesomeonefeeltrulyloved.

4．Manganiello'sdaughterwenttothepolicestationto________.

A．askthepolicetoseehermotherB．givethepolicetheirorderedpizzelles

C．offersomegardenvegetablestothepoliceD．providethepolicewithinformationonacase

5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"revere"inparagraph4probablymean?

A．honorB．impressC．observeD．challenge

6．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeAntoniettaManganiello?

A．Thoughtfulandhumorous.B．Braveanddetermined.

C．Wiseandoutgoing.D．Strictandhard-working.

7．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?

A．Factsspeaklouderthanwords.

B．Loveisallaboutthelittlethings.

C．Hopeforthebest,butpreparefortheworst.

D．Whenyougetusedtoit,youforgettobethankful.

WhenschoolsaroundtheU.S.closedstartinginMarch2020becauseofCOVID-19restrictions（限制）,moreAmericanstudentsthanusualreceivedlowgrades.

Now,manypeoplearewondering:

Howwillcollegesanduniversitiesconsiderpromisingstudentswhowillbeapplyingtothemthisyearornext?

Olderhighschoolstudents,likethosewhowillbegraduatingin2022,maynolongerhavegradescollegeswilllike.Somehighschoolsevenchangedthewaytheygivegrades.ClasseswherethebeststudentsoncereceivedanAgradehavebeenchangedtowhatisknownas"pass/fail".Thishurtsstudentswhodidwellinthoseclassesbecausetheycannotshowcollegesagoodlettergradeattheendoftheterm.

SomestronguniversitiesintheU.S.alsodecidedtheywouldnotrequirestudentstotaketheSAT,ACTorAdvancedPlacementtests.ManygrouptestswerecalledoffwhenCOVID-19restrictionsstoppedlargeevents.Thoseschoolsarenowconsidered"test-optional".SomeofthemincludeuniversitieslikeNewYorkUniversity,ColgateUniversityandHarvardUniversity.

Sohowcanacollegeevaluateastudentwithouttraditionalgradesandtestscores?

EricHooverwritesaboutcollegeadmissions（录取）forTheChronicleofHigherEducation.Hesaiduniversitiesaregettingusedtotheideaofconsideringmanythingsthataremissingfromstudents'highschooltranscripts（成绩单）.Inaddition,hesaid,topcolleges"havehadtoloosen（放松）allkindsofrulesandstandardsandexpectationsthisyear."Thatisbecausegoodstudentscouldnotshowrecordsthathadlettergradesforeveryclass.

Evenwiththeproblemsofthelastyear,Hooversaidcollegeswanttoseethatstudentsfoundawaytotakeondifficultprojects.Also,hesaid,theyshouldnotgiveupongettinggoodgrades.Thatisbecausecollegesmaybe"test-optional,butnoone'sgoingtobegrade-optional."Withoutalotofnormalactivitieslikesports,theaterandmusic,collegesaremakingdecisionsaboutstudentsbasedonhowseriouslytheytaketheirstudies.

8．Howwillexcellentstudentsreacttothenewwayofbeinggraded"pass/fail"?

A．Theywillfeelverydelighted.B．Theywillshowgreatinterest.

C．Theywillexpressseriousdoubts.D．Theywillfeelquitedisappointed.

9．WhatcanweinferfromEricHoover'swordsinparagraph5?

A．Competitionwillbefiercerthisyear.B．Students'transcriptswon'tbeneeded.

C．Fewerstudentswillentercollegesthisyear.D．Beingadmittedtocollegesmaybeeasier.

10．Whatmessagedoestheauthortellusinthelastparagraph?

A．Moretestsareneeded.B．Goodscoresstillmatter.

C．Studentsarefreetotaketests.D．Students'hobbiesarealsoimportant.

11．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A．Collegestrytochoosesuitablestudents.

B．StudentsfacechallengesduringCOVID-19.

C．HowwillcollegesevaluatestudentsduringCOVID-19?

D．Whatshouldhighschoolgraduatesdotobeadmitted?

Thoughtheyhaveasmallfigure,plantsarearmedwithametabolic（新陈代谢）systemthatallowsthemtocollect,storeandspendhard-earnedenergyfortheirsurvival.Perhapsthebest-knownpartinthisplantmetabolicnetworkistheirabilitytoturnlightintosugarsandotherformsofenergythroughphotosynthesis（光合作用）,auniqueabilitythatallowsplantstoliveindifferentenvironments.

Butaplant’sdependenceonsunlighthasalwayspresentedonekeyquestion:

Whathappenstoaplant’senergysupplywhennightfallsandsunlightbecomesnolongeravailable?

AstudypublishedonMondayinthejournalProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesansweredthequestion.Researchersreportthatakeyfactortoaplant’sabilitytokeepenergyandsurvivethedarknessofeachnightfallrestsinwhatexpertscallthecircadianclock（生物钟）.

Circadianclocksarebasicallychemicaltimekeeperseachplantownsthatallowthemtoworkoutthepassageoftimeandthedurationoftheirchemicalreactions,andgivethemaroughideaoftheirdailyroutineevery24hours.Expertssaylikemostclocks,theseinnertimepiecesforplantsalsocomewithanalarmofsorts.Throughanetworkofgenesandcells,researcherssaythatplantshaveaninbornabilitytoadjust（调整）theirclockseachnightforthebenefitoftheirownsurvival.Throughthisnetworktheycanknowtherisingandfallingofthesun,howlongeachnightwilllastandhowmuchenergytheyneedtokeeptomakeittoeachmorning.Thisalarm,accordingtoresearchers,cansingle-handedlytellplantshowtoadjusttheirnightlymetabolicschedule—andgivetheirenergysupplysuitably—everynightwithshockingcorrectness.

ThestudyshowsthatexpertscametothisconclusionafterexperimentingwithgenesinsideArabidopsis,asmallflowingplantrelatedtocabbage.Intheseplants,researchersdiscoveredacollectionofgeneslargelycontrolledbyaspecialthingknownassuperoxide