商务英语复习资料Unit111周五.docx

商务英语复习资料Unit111周五.docx

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商务英语复习资料Unit111周五

期末考试内容由三大块构成：

PPT（复习资料）+《新编剑桥商务英语》（中级）练习册+各阅读材料

期末考试样卷

SectionOneCommunicationskills30%（15小题，每题2分，取自课件）

Directions:

Fillintheblankswiththeappropriateterms

1.Therecruitmentprocessinvolvesjobanalysis,sourcing,selectionand___________.

2.Thebasicsofproperbusinessdiningetiquetteincludeseating,eatinganddrinking,____________andconversation. 

SectionTwoTheoreticalknowledge20%（各10小题，共20题，每题1分，取自课件）

PartATranslatethefollowingtermsinboldfromEnglishintoChinese.

1.Chinahasbecomeoneoftheworld‘sleadingmanufacturingbasesandleadingsuppliersoflabor-intensiveproducts_______________________.

2.ThelevelofChina’sforeignexchange_________________reservesismuchlarger,sothereisgreatpotentialformuchlargeroutboundFDI_____________oracquisitionsabroad.

PartBTranslatethefollowingtermsfromChineseintoEnglish.

1.贸易逆差

2.互联网+

3.

SectionThreeBusinessReading30%（阅读4-5篇共30小题，每题1分，文章内容与商务活动有关，取自练习册及阅读材料）

PartADirections:

readthepassagebelowaboutadvertising.ChoosethebestwordtofilleachgapfromA,B,CorD.（取自新编剑桥商务英语（中级）练习册（第三版）Page24）

PartB

PartC

PartD

SectionFourBusinessWriting20%

Directions：

Readtheinformationandusetheframeworkbelowtowriteareport（取自新编剑桥商务英语（中级）练习册（第三版）Page23）.

PPT（复习资料）

Unit1TopCompaniesandGlobalization

BusinessTheory

1.WhatisaCompany?

A company isan association orcollectionofindividuals,whether naturalpersons, legalpersons,oramixtureofboth,whoshareacommonpurposeanduniteinordertofocustheirvarious talentsandorganizetheircollectivelyavailableskillsorresourcestoachievespecific,declared goals. 

Allcompaniesexcludingnon-profitorganizationsarebenefitdriving.

ACompanyShouldbeUnique!

Acompanyisdifferentfromothersbecauseithasitsuniquecorporateculture.

Thepersonwhoorganizesandmanagesanenterprise,especiallyabusiness,usuallywithconsiderableinitiativeandrisk,iscalledanentrepreneur.Itisentrepreneurshipthatinvolvesintheprocessofdesigning,launchingandrunninganewbusiness.

SimilarWords

firmbusinesscorporationmultinationalconglomeratedot-comsubsidiaryaffiliate

Ltd./Co.VScompanyofunlimitedliability

RelativeWords

headquartersbranchdepartment

CEO:

chiefexecutivemanagermanagingdirector总经理/常务董事

chairmanoftheboardboardofdirectors

PhraseCollocation

run/setupacompany

joinacompany:

becomeanemployee

acompanygoesbust/bankrupt

companypolicy

CommonTypesofBusiness

limited-liabilitycompany（责任有限公司）

unlimitedcompany（责任无限公司）

listedcompany（上市公司）

domesticenterprise（内资企业）

foreign-owned/investedenterprise（外企）

overseas-fundedenterprise（海外投资企业）

state-ownedenterprise（国企）

privateenterprise/business（私企）

（Sino-foreign）jointventure（中外合资）

2.WhatDoesGlobalizationMean?

Theterm“globalization”wasfirstusedinascholarlyfashionin1967.

Globalizationistheprocessofinternationalintegrationarisingfromtheinterchangeofworldviews,products,ideasandmutualsharing,andotheraspectsof culture.Itcomestogetherwitheconomicintegration（经济一体化）.

3.FourAspectsofGlobalization

trade and transactions 

capital and investmentmovements

migration andmovementofpeople

thedisseminationof knowledge

4.WhatareImportantMarksintheHistoryofGlobalization?

TheSilkRoad/

theriseofmaritimeEuropeanempires/multinationalenterprisesandinternationaltrade/bilateral,multinationalandinternationalcooperationandorganization:

WTO,EU,TPP/theInternethasbroughtcommunitiesacrosstheglobeclosertogetherthroughinstantcommunication.

.

5.WhatisSWOTAnalysis?

SWOTanalysis,alsocalledSWOTmatrix,isastructured planning methodusedtoevaluatethestrengths,weaknesses,opportunitiesandthreats involvedina project orina business.

Fortune500andTransnationalCorporations

Themostfamouscompaniesintheworldareincludedin FortuneGlobal500list,alsoknownas Global500,whichisanannualrankingofthetop500 corporationsworldwideasmeasuredby revenue.Thelistiscompiledandpublishedannuallyby Fortune magazine,an Americanbusinessmagazine,publishedgloballyby TimeInc.In2015,thetop10companies:

Walmart（沃尔玛）,Sinopec（中石化）

DutchShell（荷兰皇家壳牌石油公司）

ChinaNationalPetroleumCorporation（中国石油天然气集团公司）

ExxonMobil（埃克森美孚）,BP（英国石油公司）

StateGridCorporationofChina（中国国家电网公司）

Volkswagen（大众集团公司）,ToyotaMotor（丰田汽车）

Glencore（嘉能可-全球大宗商品交易巨头）

6.WhatareTransnationalCorporations/

MultinationalCompanies?

Amultinationalcorporationormultinationalcompany,isanorganizationthatownsorcontrolsproductionofgoodsorservicesinoneormorecountriesotherthantheirhomecountry. Itcanalsobereferredasan internationalcorporation,a"transnational corporation",orastatelesscorporation.

7.HowtoMakeaPresentation?

StepA:

Introducingthepresentation

Usefulexpressions:

Goodmorningandthanksforcoming/TodayI’d

liketotellyouabout…

StepB:

Explainingthestructureofthepresentation

Usefulexpressions:

Ifyouhaveanyquestions,I’llbehappytoanswerthemattheend/ThenI’llgiveyouanoverviewof/Inmybriefpresentationwe’llbeginbylookingat…

StepC:

Presentingthefirstpart

Usefulexpressions:

Hereyoucansee/Firstofallthere’s…/andfinallythere’s...

StepD:

Presentingthesecondpart

Usefulexpressions:

OK,let’smoveontolookat/OnethingI’dliketopointoutis/Takealookatthischart…

StepE:

Presentingthethirdpart

StepF:

Endingthepresentation

Usefulexpressions:

Arethereanyquestions/Sothatbringsmetotheendofthepresentation/Thanksforlistening…

Unit2StartingaBusiness

BusinessTheory

1.WTO（originatedfromGATT-GeneralAgreementonTariffsandTrade）isaplacewheremembergovernmentsgo,totrytosortoutthetradeproblemstheyfacewitheachother.AtitsheartaretheWTOagreements,negotiatedandsignedbythebulkoftheworld’stradingnations.

ButtheWTOisnotjustaboutliberalizingtrade,andinsomecircumstancesitsrulessupportmaintainingtradebarriers—forexampletoprotectconsumers,preventthespreadofdiseaseorprotecttheenvironment.

2.WTOBenefits

1.Thissystemhelpspromotepeace.

2.Disputesarehandledconstructively.

3.Rulesmakelifeeasierforall.

4.Freetradecutsthecostofliving.

5.Itprovidesmorechoicesofproductsandqualities.

6.Traderaisesincomes.

7.Tradestimulateseconomicgrowth.

8.Thebasicprinciplesmakelifemoreefficient.

9.Governmentsareshieldedfromlobbying.

10.Thesystemencouragesgoodgovernment.

3.WhatisAnti-dumpingAgreement?

Ifacompanyexportsaproductatapricelowerthanthepriceitnormallychargesonitsownhomemarket,itissaidtobe“dumping”theproduct.TheWTOAgreementdoesnotregulatetheactionsofcompaniesengagedin"dumping".Itsfocusisonhowgovernmentscanorcannotreacttodumping—itdisciplinesanti-dumpingactions,anditisoftencalledthe“Anti-dumpingAgreement”.

TypesofBusiness

Soletraderyouareself-employedandsetupthebusinessonyourown.

Partnershipyouareself-employedandstartthebusinesswithanotherperson.Youarebothequallyliable.

Franchiseyoubuyalicensetotradeunderthenameofthefranchiserandyoubenefitfromthefranchiser’sexpertise.

Internetstart-upyoustartabusinessonlinelikeTaobaoC2Cshopwithsmallinvestment.

Internalventureyoumayundertakepartofabusinessinacompany.It’shighlymotivatedatHaier.

Unit3Advertising

BusinessTheory

1.Whendidpeoplebegintotrade?

Clearevidenceoftradingoverlongdistancesdatesbackatleast9,000years.

2.Howdidancientpeopletrade?

Peopletradebecausetheydon’thaveeverythingtheyneed.Tradecanmakeeveryonebetteroff.

3.Whydocountriestrade?

Countriestradewitheachotherwhen,ontheirown,theydonothavetheresources,orcapacitytosatisfytheirownneedsandwants.Tradecomesfromdivisionoflaborandspecialization.Divisionoflabormakestradepossibleandspecializationcangeneratefurtherbenefitsintermsofefficiencyandproductivity.

4.Whatiscomparativeadvantage?

Thetheoryof comparativeadvantage isaneconomictheoryaboutthework gainsfromtrade forindividuals,firms,ornationsthatarisefromdifferencesintheir factorendowments （要素禀赋）or technologicalprogress.Ifan agent（经济学中一般人的抽象） canproduceagoodatalowerrelative opportunitycost,hehascomparativeadvantageinproducingthisgood.Factorsarewhatcanbeusedinproductionlikeland,capitalandlabor,etc.Endowmentsarethequalityandquantityofsomething.

DavidRicardo（in1817）realizedthatabsoluteadvantage（byAdamSmith）wasalimitedcase.Countrieswithoutabsoluteadvantagecangetgainsbytradingproductstheyhavecomparativeadvantageinproducing.

5.Whatproductsandservicesdoesacountrytendtotradewithothers?

Eachcountrytendstotradewithothersproductsandservicesinwhichtheyhavecomparativeadvantages.Comparativeadvantagescomefromfactorendowmentsandtechnologicaldevelopment.

technology-intensive/labor-intensive

Advertising

Advertisingisanimportantpartofmarketing.Itaimstomakepeopleawareofaproductorserviceandfavorablyinclinetowardsit.Amanufacturercanamplifythedemandofaproductbyadvertisingwidely.Itcanbuildtheconsumer’sbrandpreferenceandloyalty,thusincreasingthevalueoftheproduct.Advertisingishelpfultobuildthebrand,increasethevalueofitsgoodwillandwintheconfidenceofconsumer.

Usefulexpressions

1.Theadvertisementisusedtopromote…这广告是促销…

2.Thetargetcustomersoftheadvertisementare…这广告的目标客是….

3.itisobviousthat…很显然…creativeideas有创意的想