高考英语一轮复习课时提能练32Unit2Robots新人教版选修7.docx

高考英语一轮复习课时提能练32Unit2Robots新人教版选修7.docx

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高考英语一轮复习课时提能练32Unit2Robots新人教版选修7

课时提能练（三十二）

Unit2　Robots

课时作业A：

基础层面

Ⅰ.语境语法填空

A

NieEr,a1.talented（talent）Chinesemusician,hadagreat2.affection（affect）forhismotherlandandthepoorpeople.Hewrotedozensof3.satisfactory（satisfy）songsinhisshortlife,oneofwhichisTheNationalAnthemofPeople'sRepublicofChina,theChinesepeople's4.favourite（favour）.Hewasonceputintoprisonbecausehe5.disobeyed（obey）theformergovernment'slaws.Whenhewasreleased,hewentabroadtostudymusicfurther.Hediedveryyoungandmysterious.Thenewgovernmentmadeahigh6.assessment（assessment）ofhisachievementandcontribution.Amonumentwasbuiltinmemoryofthisgreatmusicianwitha7.declaration（declare）thatheisapeople'smusician.

B

Cokewaswalkingslowlytowardshisofficewhenheheardhurriedstepsbehindhim.Heturned8.aroundandfoundMissBrown,awomanwhohadatalent9.fordesigningcartooncharacters.Theyquarreledseveraltimesbecauseshewasnot10.infavourofanyoftheideasheputforward.Thereforehealwaystriedtoavoidbeingleft11.alonetogetherwithher.Butthistimeshestoppedhim,wonderingifhecould12.doherafavourbytesting13.outthenewdesignofaproduct.Cokehesitatedforawhilebutsoonforgottheunhappythingsbetweenthem.Heset14.asidehisownworkandcametoherassistance.

C

Thereinfrontofme15.stood（stand）ayoungwoman,oneaboutthesameheightasmine.Shewasholdingacatinherarms,wearingafriendlysmile.Ihadneverseenawoman16.socharmingasshewas.Asforme,shewasmorelikeanangel17.thanawoman.Itwasagreatpitythatshecouldn'tspeakbecauseofachildhoodillness.Forfearthatsheshouldbehurt,hermotherwouldn'thaveher18.hanging（hang）aboutallbyherself.Nowsheis19.morethanmyneighbor;sheismybestfriend.

Ⅱ.语境短文改错

根据P16课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

IsaacAsimovwasanAmericanscientistand

writer.Hewrotearound480bookswhereincludedmysterystories,scienceandhistorybooks.Butheisbetterknownforhissciencefictionstories.Hehadanextraordinarilyimagination.Itgiveshimtheabilitytoexplorefutureworlds.Besides,hesearchedexplanationsofeverything,inthepresentandthepast,withanamazedmind.Throughouthislife,Asimovreceivedmanyaward.Hewasmarriedtwo.Hemarriedhisfirstwifein1942andmarriedagainin1973.In1992,hediedofNewYork.

[答案]

IsaacAsimovwasanAmericanscientistand

writer.Hewrotearound480books

includedmysterystories,scienceandhistorybooks.Butheis

knownforhissciencefictionstories.Hehadan

imagination.It

himtheabilitytoexplorefutureworlds.Besides,hesearched

explanationsofeverything,inthepresentandthepast,withan

mind.Throughouthislife,Asimovreceivedmany

.Hewasmarried

.Hemarriedhisfirstwifein1942andmarriedagainin1973.In1992,hedied

NewYork.

Ⅲ.根据提示补全句子

1．很遗憾你错过了在北京举办的2019世界机器人大会。

It'sapitythatyoumissedthe2019WorldRobotConferenceheldinBeijing.

2．昨天我们在海滩上玩得多开心呀！

（what感叹句式）

Whatagoodtimewehadonthebeachyesterday!

3．天黑之前，我们到达了一个小镇，它的东面是一个大农场。

（完全倒装句式）

Beforedark,wearrivedatasmalltown,eastofwhichliesabigfarm．

4．你那样跟你的父亲说话很粗鲁，今后我不会再容忍你那样跟他说话。

（havesb.doing）

It'srudeofyoutospeaktoyourfatherlikethatandIwon'thaveyouspeakingtohimlikethatinfuture.

5．他们坐在花园里，谈论着去年他们一起度过的日子。

（现在分词作状语）

Theysatinthegarden,talkingaboutthedaystheyspenttogetherlastyear.

课时作业B：

能力层面

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

（2019·太原市模拟）Fairytalesperformmanyfunctions.Theyentertain,encourageimaginationandteachproblemsolvingskills.Theycanalsoprovidemorallessons,highlightingthedangersoffailingtofollowthesocialcodesthatlethumanbeingscoexistinharmony.Suchmorallessonsmaynotmeanmuchtoarobot,butateamofresearchersatGeorgiaInstituteofTechnologybelievesithasfoundawaytousethefairytalesasmorallessonsthatAI（artificialintelligence）cantaketoitscold,mechanicalheart.

Thecollectedstoriesofdifferentculturesteachchildrenhowtobehaveinsociallyacceptablewayswithexamplesofproperandimproperbehaviorinfables,novelsandotherliterature.WebelievestorycomprehensioninrobotscanpreventtheintelligentrobotsfromkillinghumanitywhichwaspredictedandfearedbysomeofthebiggestnamesintechnologyincludingStephenHawkingandBillGates.Thissystemiscalled“Quixote”.ItcollectsstoryplotsfromtheInternetandthenusesthosestoriestoteachrobotshowtobehave.

Theexperimentdonebythedesignersinvolvesgoingtoadrugstoretopurchasesomemedicineforahumanwhoneedstogetitassoonaspossible.Therobothasthreeoptions.Itcanwaitinline;itcaninteractwiththestorekeeperpolitelyandpurchasethemedicinewithpriority;oritcanstealthemedicineandescape.Withoutanyfurtherdirectives（指示）,therobotwillcometotheconclusionthatthemostefficientmeansofobtainingthemedicineistostealit.ButQuixoteoffersarewardforwaitinginlineandpolitelypurchasingthemedicineandapunishmentforstealingit.Inthisway,therobotwilllearnthemoralwaytobehaveonthatoccasion.

Quixotewouldworkbestonarobotthathasaverylimitedfunction.It'sababystepinthedirectionofteachingmoremorallessonsintorobots.WebelievethatAIhastobetrainedtoadoptthevaluesofaparticularsociety,andindoingso,itwillstrivetoavoidunacceptablebehavior.Givingrobotstheabilitytoreadandunderstandourstoriesmaybethemostefficientmeans.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。

童话故事不但可以娱乐孩子们，还能让机器人拥有道德观念，使其更好地为人类服务。

1．Whatfunctiondofairytalesperformintherobots?

A．Theyentertainrobots.

B．Theyhighlightdangers.

C．Theymakerobotsmoreintelligent.

D．Theyenablerobotstobehavemorally.

D　[细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“ithasfoundawaytousethefairytalesasmorallessonsthatAI（artificialintelligence）cantaketoitscold,mechanicalheart”可知，童话故事可以作为道德经验让人工智能机器人的行为符合道德规范，故D项正确。

]

2．Whatis“Quixote”inthetext?

A．Apunishmentsystem.

B．Acharacterinliterature.

C．Abignameintechnology.

D．Akindofsoftwareeducatingrobots.

D　[细节理解题。

根据第二段最后两句“Thissystemiscalled‘Quixote’.ItcollectsstoryplotsfromtheInternetandthenusesthosestoriestoteachrobotshowtobehave”可知，这个系统被称为“Quixote”；它从互联网上收集故事情节，然后用这些故事来教育机器人如何规范行为，由此可知，Quixote是一种教育机器人的软件，故D项正确。

]

3．Whatdoesthedesignerexpectrobotstodointheexperiment?

A．Totakeadvantageofitsprivilege.

B．Tofinishthetaskmostefficiently.

C．Toperforminawellmanneredway.

D．Toberewardedbythestorekeeper.

C　[推理判断题。

根据第四段中的“WebelievethatAIhastobetrainedtoadoptthevaluesofaparticularsociety,andindoingso,itwillstrivetoavoidunacceptablebehavior”可推知，设计者希望机器人在实验中的行为能符合道德规范，故C项正确。

]

4．Whichofthefollowingcanbestexpresstheauthor'sopinion?

A．Robotswilldefinitelyhavemorefunctions.

B．Robotswithhumans'emotionsareperfect.

C．Trainingrobotstobesociallyacceptableisnecessary.

D．Thedevelopmentofrobotsisstillinababystep.

C　[观点态度题。

根据第四段中的“WebelievethatAIhastobetrainedtoadoptthevaluesofaparticularsociety,andindoingso,itwillstrivetoavoidunacceptablebehavior”可知，我们认为人工智能必须接受培训以适应特定社会的价值观，这样做，它将努力避免不可接受的行为。

据此可推知，训练机器人让其行为符合社会规范是必要的，故C项正确。

]

B

（2019·安徽省示范高中模拟）Haveyoueverwonderedwhendogsfirstbecame“man'sbestfriend”andtheworld'sfavouritepet?

Ifyouhave,thenyou'renotalone.Whenandwheredogsfirstbeganlivingsidebysidewithhumansarequestionsthathavestirredhotdebateamongscientists.Thereareafewhardfactsthatallagreeon.Theseincludethatdogswereoncewolvesandtheywerethefirstanimaltobedomesticated（驯养）byhumans.Theycameintohumanlivessome15，000yearsago,beforethedawnofagriculture.

Beyondthat,thereislittleagreement.Theearliestbonesfoundthatareunquestionabledogs'andnotwolves'datefrom14，000yearsago.However,30，000yearoldskullshavebeendiscoveredinFranceandBelgiumthatarenotpurewolves'andsomescientiststhinkcouldbedogs'.

Withsuchpuzzlingevidence,manyscientistsarenowturningtoDNAtofindoutwhenandwheredogswerefirstdomesticated.Inoneresearchproject,tensofthousandsofbloodsampleshavebeentakenfromstreetdogsaroundtheworld.Theplanistocomparethemwiththoseofwolves.It'sevenpossibletoanalyseDNAfromancientbones.Tinypiecesofthe30，000yearoldskullsmentionedearlierarecurrentlybeingstudied,andanotherDNAstudyhasalreadyshownthatancientdogspreservedintheAlaskanicefieldsevolvedfromAsianwolves,notAmericanones.

Indeed,theancientDNAmayturnouttobemoreinformativethantheDNAoflivingdogs.Becausedogshaveaccompaniedhumansaroundtheworldforthousandsofyears,theircurrentdistributionmaytellusverylittleoftheirorigins.ThisiswhydifferentgroupsofscientistsbelievethatdogsvariouslyoriginatedineasternAsia,Mongolia,Siberia,EuropeorAfrica.

Butwhyweretheanimalsdomesticatedinthefirstplace?

Themostrecenttheoryisthatdogsdomesticatedthemselves,initiallylivinginandaroundourancientvillagestoeatanyfoodthrownout.Today,thisisawayoflifestillsharedbythreequartersofabillionunowneddogsworldwide.

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。

研究发现，狗是从狼驯养而来的，早在一万五千年之前狗就进入了我们的生活。

科学家通过分析DNA去查证狗最初是在何时何地被驯养的。

5．Whichistheonlystatementgenerallyagreedonbyscientistsstudyingdogs?

A．Dogsoriginallywereusedasfarmanimals.

B．DogsevolvedfromwolvesfoundinEurope.

C．Dogshelpedthedevelopmentofagriculture.

D．Dogswerethefirstanimaltobekeptaspets.

D　[细节理解题。

根据第一段第一句“Haveyoueverwonderedwhendogsfirstbecame‘man'sbestfriend’andtheworld's