南开大学硕士研究生入学考试试题综述.docx

南开大学硕士研究生入学考试试题综述.docx

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南开大学硕士研究生入学考试试题综述

南开大学2011年硕士研究生入学考试试题

学院：

100外国语学院

考试科目：

211翻译硕士英语

专业：

英语笔译、英语口译

注意：

请将所有答案写在专用答题纸上，答在此试题上无效!

I.VocabularyandGrammar（30points,1foreach.）

Directions:

Thereare30incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.

1.ProfessorWutraveledandlecturedthroughoutthecountryto____educationandprofessionalskillssothatwomencouldenterthepublicworld.

A.prosecuteB.acquireC.proclaimD.advocate

2.Eveniftheyareonsale,therefrigeratorsareequalinpriceto,ifnotmoreexpensivethan____attheotherstore.

A.anyoneB.theothersC.theonesD.that

3.JeanWagner'smostenduringcontributiontothestudyofAfroAmericanpoetryishisinsistencethatit____inareligious,aswellasworldly,frameofreference.

A.istobeanalyzedB.hasbeenanalyzed

C.beanalyzedD.shouldhavebeenanalyzed

4.BecausewehadeatenturkeyonThanksgivingforsomanyyears,weneverwonderedwhethersomeotherdishmightbeanequallytasty____.

A.alternativeB.altercationC.alterationD.allusion

5.Thebasictheory,ofgovernmentrestsontheassumptionthatmenhavenaturally____interests.

A.competitiveB.conflictingC.contentionsD.combative

6.Mostsubstancescontractwhentheyfreezesothatthedensityofsubstance'ssolidis____ofitsliquid.

A.thanthehigherdensityB.higherthanthedensity

C.thedensityishigherthanthatD.thehigherthedensity

7.Thebankisreportedinthelocalnewspaper____inbroaddaylightyesterday.

A.toberobbedB.robbed

C.tohavebeenrobbedD.havingbeenrobbed

8.Theterrifiedhunter,____inthearmsofahugebear,foughtdesperatelytoloosenitsgrip.

A.clutchedB.claspedC.graspedD.seized

9.Toomuch____toX-rayscancauseskinburns,cancerorotherdamagetothebody.

A.disclosureB.exhibitionC.contactD.exposure

10.SharepricesontheStockExchangeplungedsharplyinthemorningbut____slightlyintheafternoon.

A.recoveredB.restoredC.regainedD.retained

11.Women'scentralroleinmanagingnaturalresourcesandprotectingtheenvironmenthasbeenoverlookedmoreoftenthanithasbeen____.

A.acknowledgedB.emphasizedC.memorizedD.associated

12.Theneighborsbecamesuspiciouswhentheynoticedthathiscarwas____fortwoweeks.

A.stationaryB.stationeryC.immobileD.unmoved

13.DuringWorldWarIItheAlliessufferedalong____ofdefeatsbeforetheyfinallyachievedvictory.

A.suppressionB.compulsionC.successionD.compression

14.Thesilkthatspiders____fortheirwebshasastretchingstrengthsuperiortomostflexibleproductsmadebypeople.

A.spinB.splitC.sprayD.spoil

15.TheEnglishlanguagecontainsa（n）____ofwordswhicharecomparativelyseldomusedinordinaryconversation.

A.altitudeB.latitudeC.magnitudeD.scope

16.HadPaulreceivedsixmorevotesinthelastelection,he____ourchairmannow.

A.musthavebeenB.wouldhavebeen

C.wereD.wouldbe

17.Theprojectrequiresmorelaborthan____becauseitisextremelydifficult.

A.hasbeenputinB.havebeenputin

C.beingputinD.tobeputin

18.Josephwasverylucky____withhislife;healmostdidnotgetoutoftheroom.

A.toescapeB.tohaveescaped

C.toescapingD.tobeescaping

19.Henryforgottobringhisadmissioncardwithhim.____hewasallowedintothehalltotaketheexamination.

A.MoreoverB.CertainlyC.ConsequentlyD.Nevertheless

20.Thenumberofthepeoplewho____cars____increasing.

A.owns,areB.owns,isC.own,isD.own,are

21.Workersinthiscountryaregettinghigherwageswhileturningoutpoorproductsthatdonot____thetestofinternationalcompetition.

A.putupwithB.stickwithC.standuptoD.faceaway

22.Severalunpopulardecisions____thegovernor'spopularity.

A.decayedB.diminishedC.distortedD.dissolved

23.Skilledtechniciansandadvancedtechnologiesenableustobuilduncompromisedqualityintoallourcars,becauseourfirst____isbringingyoupleasureforyearstocome.

A.prestigeB.benefitC.privilegeD.priority

24.Aman's____isbestwhenhecanforgethimselfandanyreputationhemayhaverequiredandcanconcentratewhollyonmakingtherightdecisions.

A.anticipationB.acknowledgmentC.expectationD.judgment

25.Beforethemechanicstartedwork,Iaskedhimtogivean___ofthecostofrepairingtheroofofthecar.

A.assessmentB.estimateC.announcementD.evaluation

26.____theEnglishexaminationIwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastSunday.

A.InspiteofB.ButforC.BecauseofD.Asfor

27.Gloveshavebeenwornsinceprehistorictimeforprotection,forornamentation,____socialstatus.

A.andasanindicationofB.fortheyindicate

C.indicatingD.toindicateand

28.Onestudyfoundthatjobapplicantswhomakemoreeyecontactare____asmorealert,dependable,confidentandresponsible.

A.referredB.perceivedC.recommendedD.presumed

29.Thephysicalshapeandcoloringofmanyanimalsistheresultofgradual____toparticularcircumstances.

A.modificationB.variationC.applicationD.adaptation

30.Overthecenturies,varioustheorieshavebeen____toexplaintheoriginofalphabeticwriting.

A.advancedB.subjectedC.releasedD.abandoned

II.ReadingComprehension（40points）

SectionOne:

ReadandMaketheBestChoice（20points,2foreach）

Directions:

Therearetwopassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandthenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.

PassageOne

BillClintonwrestleswiththecomplexitiesofhiseconomicplan,asurprisingtrendthatcouldultimatelymakelifealoteasierforthenewpresidentmaybedeveloping.Ahandfulofanalystsbelievethattechnologyisbeginningtohelpimproveproductivityintheservicesector.Iftheyareright,middle-classlivingstandardswhichhavestagnatedforthepast20yearscouldstarttoimprove.

TheservicesectorgetslittleattentioninmostpopulardiscussionsofAmerica'seconomicproblems.Manufacturing,whereUSworkersgohead-to-headwithforeigncompetitors,issupposedtobethecrucialarea;services,whicharemostlyshelteredfrominternationalcompetition,areregardedassecondaryatbest.Ifanything,thegrowthoftheservicesectorisseenasasymptomofourmanufacturingdecline,assteelworkerslosetheirhigh-payingjobsandbecomeminimum-wagehamburgerflippers.Butseriousanalystsknowthatitisourperformanceinservicesnotmanufacturingthatisthebiggereconomicproblem.

Infact,USmanufacturingperformedreasonablywellduringthe1980s,withproductivitygrowingat2.9%peryear.Thatwasalmostasfastasmanufacturingproductivitygrewduringthe“goodyears”in1950sand1960s,anditwasfasterthanproductivitygrowthinmostotheradvancedcountries.Sowhydidn'twefeelbetter?

Becausenearstagnationinserviceproductivity—growthatonlyabout1.0%annually—heldourlivingstandarddown.

Dominantservicesector.ThetruthisthatmodernAmericaisprimarilyaserviceeconomy.Currently,70%ofUSworkersareintheservicesector,versusonly20%inmanufacturing.Ifwecouldeliminateourpersistenttradedeficitsinmanufacturing,theprosperitywouldshift,butonlyslightly:

Aroughestimateisthatcompletelyeliminatingourcurrenttradedeficitwouldraisetheshareofmanufacturinginemploymentbyonlyabout0.5%.Inotherword,likeitornot,mostAmericanswillworkintheservicesectorfortheforeseeablefuture.Thatmeans,inturn,thattheproductivityoftheUSworkforceasawholedependsmostlyontheproductivityofserviceworkers.

Butitisreallypossibletoraiseserviceproductivity?

Someservicejobs,likehousecleaningandhaircutting,seemresistanttotechnologicalchangeatleastuntilwelearntobuildrobotmaidsandbarbers.Inthepast,however,wehaveseenmajorimprovementsinserviceproductivity.Duringthe1950sand1960s,forexample,alinkedsetoftechnologicalandsocialchanges—widespreadavailabilityofprivatecarsandhomerefrigerators,thegrowthofsupermarketsandanimprovedroadsystem—ledtohugeincreasesinretailproductivity.Anearliererasawasurgeinofficeproductivitybecauseofsuchrevolutionaryinnovationsastypewriters,carbonpaperandverticalfilecabinets.IndeedthemostsignificantAmericanbusinesssuccessstoryofthelate20thcenturymaywellbeWal-Mart,whichhasappliedextensivecomputerizationandhome-grownversionofJapan's“just-in-time”inventorymethodstorevolutionizeretailing.

AnalystslikeStephenRoachofMorganStanleynowbelievethatadditionalproductivitygainsintheofficearepossible.Computers,itseems,arefinallybeingusedtoeliminatepaperwork:

backofficesareshrinking,andcorporatehierarchiesaregettingflatter.Ifyousquint,youcanseethesemicrochangesstartingtoshowupinthemacronumbers.Wearenowofficiallyayearandahalfintoaneconomicrecovery,yetunemploymentremainsstubbornlyhigh.Oneofthereasonsforthislingeringjoblessnessisthatproductivityisrisingfasterthanexpected,primarilyintheservicesector.IfAmericaeventuallyreturnstofullemployment,thetotaleconomycouldbebiggerandmoreproductive.

Technologyinvestmentishelpingtofuelthesechanges.Preliminarydatashowthatwhileoverallinvestmentinthisrecoveryisweakbyhistoricalstandards,computer-relatedinvestmentissoaring.Itlooksasiftheservicesectorhasdecidedthatitnowreallyknowshowtomakeinformationtechnologywork.

Likeany