牛津译林版本八年级英语下册期末复习讲义Unit6.docx
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牛津译林版本八年级英语下册期末复习讲义Unit6
初二英语复习讲义
8下Unit6Sunshineforall
一、复习单词表
A拼读易错单词、重点单词:
supportexpectchancetrainingcoachprizebloodintroduction.supportdeafhomelessadultintellectualeventnecessarytaskathletesilverbackgroundprizecharityone-to-onesouth-westnorth-westprojectdisease
B重要单词用法:
1.trainn火车可数名词V训练,培训trainsbtodosth
trainsbinsth在某方面训练某人trainsbforsth为……而训练某人
1)Wehavetrainedmanynursesforthehospitaltheseyears.(train)
2)Alltheteammemberswereseen____training___(train)hardwhenIpassedtheroom.
3)Volunteersmustreceivetrainingbeforetheytakethetasks.(train)
4)Wewillgotothelanguagetrainingcenterbytraintomorrow.(train)
5)Pleasetrainthestudentstobe(be)goodcitizens
2.meanmeaningmeaningfulmeaningless
1)Thewordmeanshope.Themeaningofthewordishope.
2)What’sthemeaning(mean)oftheword?
3)Youknowourhelpmeansalottothehomelesspeople.(mean)
4)Yourwordsaremeaningless(mean).Pleasedon’tsaythemagain.
5)Heoftensayssomemeaningful(mean)wordstous.Wethankhimverymuch.
6)Todoself-assessmentmeansthinking(think)aboutyourstudiesinordertofindoutyourstrengthsandweaknesses.
3.blindadj.瞎的blindnessn.theblind盲人们(复数)beblindinthelefteye左眼瞎
1)Hecan'tseeanythingbecauseofblindness(blind).
2)Theblind(blind)womanishisgrandmother.Sheis88yearsold.
3)Blindpeopleoftenworryabouttheirblindness.(blind)
4)Blindnessaffectsabout45millionpeoplearoundtheworld.
4.abledisableddisabilityn缺陷,障碍复数disabilities
1)childrenandadultswithintellectualdisabilities(disable).
2)Weshouldn'tlaughatthepeoplewithbodydisabilities(disable).
3)Weshouldgivedisabled(disable)peoplechancestoshowtheirskillstotheworld
4)Understandingthisarticleisbeyondmyability(able).
5.elderlyadj.年老的anelderlyperson一位老人
theelderly=theold=theoldpeople=theaged老人们
6.volunteervi&vt.志愿做,义务做volunteerfor
beavolunteerforworkasavolunteer
volunteertodosth=volunteerforsth志愿做某事
n.志愿者avolunteerfortheOlympicGames一名奥运会的志愿者
7.expectvi&vt.期待,指望;预料
1).表示“期待”“期望”,通常为及物动词expectsth
HedidnotknowwhattoexceptwhenhevolunteeredfortheGames.
2).后接动词时要用不定式,expecttodosth如:
HisfatherexpectedtofinishplantingthosetreesbytheendofMarch.
3).其后还可接不定式的复合结构expectsbtodosth如:
HeexpectedmetohelphimwithhisEnglishbecausehewasverypooratit.
4).其后可接that从句,若从句谓语为否定,注意否定的转移。
如:
Idon’texceptthathehasdonesuchathing.
7.chancen机会
bychance/accident偶然,意外地
givesbachancetodosth给某人做某事的机会
haveachancetodosth有做某事的机会
9.similaradj同样的,类似的(almostthesame)
besimilarto与…相似besimilarin在某方面相似
Thetwobrothersoftengetonwellwitheachotherbecauseone’sideaisalwaysBtheother’s.
A.thesameasB.similartoC.asgoodasD.differentfrom
Herdressissimilarincolourtomine.
10.coach(coaches,复数)n.教练;长途汽车
theswimmingcoachforayoungboy男孩的游泳教练
Theclothesareoneofthecoachers’.
Thiscoaches(coach)cancarry45passengersatmostatatime.
11.confidentadj.自信的moreconfident比较级;mostconfident最高级;名词confidence
beconfidentofhaveconfidencein
12.survive=stayalivev.survivorn.
Idon'tknowthesurvivors’names.
Timmysurvivedtheearthquakein1999.
13.achieve(cometrue;realize)vt.达到,实现achievedadj.achievementn.
achieveone’sdreams实现某人的梦想=makeone’sdreamscometrue
Hespentasmuchtimeashecouldachieving(achieve)hisgoal.
Audrey’sachievements(achieve)wentbeyondthefilmindustry.
asenseofachievement成就感
14.organizev.organizedadj.organationn..
1)ProjectHopeisanorganization(organize)thatraisesmoneytobuildschoolsandbuybooksforpoorstudents.
2)Youshouldbeorganizedifyouwanttobeagoodleader.
3)Isthelongwalkinthecountryorganized(organize)byOxfamHongKong?
15.bloodn.bleed-bled-bledvi.
bleedtodeath失血过多而死
1)Thevictimwaswoundedwithaknifeandbled(bleed)todeathasaresult.
2)Themanhadsomeblood(bleed)onhisshirt.
3)Look!
Hisnoseisbleeding(bleed)
16.introducev.introducesb./sth.tosb.introduceoneselftosb.
beintroducedinto引进
introductionn.anintroductionto
17.operatev.operationn.
operateonsb=perform/doanoperationonsb
1)Mr.Whitesaysthedoctorswill_B____onmymother,anditwill______about200,000yuan.
A.haveacheck;takeB.provideanopeation;spend
C.doanoperation;costD.takeagoodcare;spend
2)DrSmithhasdonethreeoperations(operate)today.Helooksalittletirednow.
3)Duringmylastvisit,Ioperated(operate)on150patientsontheplane.
二、重要词组、句型用法:
1.Homelesspeopledon’thavetheirownplacestolive.
无家可归的人没有他们自己居住的地方。
tolive动词不定式做定语修饰前面的名词。
2.Theycanprovidespecialplacesforhomelesspeopletostay.
providesthforsb=providesb.withsth.为某人提供某物
offersbsth=offersthtosb
3.TheSpecialOlympicsWorldGamesgivechildrenandadultswithintellectualdisabilitiesachancetoshowtheirskillstotheworld.
特奥会给有智力缺陷的孩子和成人一个向全世界展示能力的机会。
句中的withintellectualdisabilities为后置定语,修饰childrenandadults。
介词短语作定语一般要后置。
4.Over40,000peoplegaveuptheirsparetimeforthe2007SpecialOlympicsWorldGames.
giveup意为“放弃”,其后可接动词-ing形式。
注意:
代词作giveup的宾语时要放在give和up之间。
Smokingisbadforyourhealth.You’dbettergiveitup(放弃它).
5.Hewasbornwithintellectualdisabilities.他生下来就有智力问题。
短语bebornwith意思是“生来具有……”。
Hewasbornwithaweakheart.他生来心脏虚弱。
6.ToLiHai,themostimportantthingisnottowinagoldorasilver,buttotakepart.
对李海来说,最重要的东西不是赢得一块金牌或银牌,而是参与。
not…but…不是……而是……
PEisnotmyfavourite,butMusic.我最喜欢的不是体育而是音乐。
7.LiHaitriedhisbestandfinishedfourth.李海尽了最大努力并取得第四名。
当序数词表示名次时,其前面的定冠词通常可以省略。
winfirstprize=comefirst=winthegold
8.Athletesandvolunteersfromdifferentbackgroundsfeellikepartofonebigfamily.
来自不同背景的运动员和志愿者感觉自己像一个大家庭的成员。
feellike感觉像feellikedoingsth.想做某事
It’sveryhottoday.Ifeellikeeatingicecream.
9.“It’sgreatforustoworkcloselywiththesespecialathletes.Yougettohelpthemachievetheirdreams,”saysLiuMing.
“能和这些特殊运动员们近距离共事真的很棒。
你有机会帮助他们实现梦想。
”刘明说。
10.如果我们都能伸出援助之手,他不久就可能恢复健康。
Ifallofuscangiveahelpinghand,hemaygetwellagainsoon.
giveahelpinghand伸出援助之手givesbahand给予(某人)帮助
三、语法复习:
(1)Itis+adjective+to-infinitive
在该句式中,it是形式主语,真正的主语是不定式短语。
这种句式也可用动词不定式或动名词放在句首直接做主语。
如:
Itiswrongtolookdownonthedisabledpeople.
=Tolook/Lookingdownonthedisabledpeopleiswrong.
Itisnecessarytotrainforthecomingexam.
=Totrain/Trainingforthecomingexamisnecessary.
(2)Itis+adjective+for…+to-infinitive
在该句型中,it是形式主语,for引出不定式的逻辑主语sb.;表语形容词只是说明不定式的特征而不表示人的性质或特征;forsb.todosth.通常被称为动词不定式的复合结构。
常用于这种结构的形容词有easy,difficult,important,hard,necessary,possible,interesting,meaningful等。
如:
Itisdifficultforustofinishtheworktoday.
Itismeaningfulforpeopletodonatetothecharities.
(3)Itis+adjective+of…+to-infinitive
在该句型中,it是形式主语,of引出不定式的逻辑主语sb.;表语形容词是表示不定式的主语特征。
常用于这种结构的形容词有kind,polite,clever,foolish,silly,good,nice,generous,careful,careless,selfish等。
如:
Itisveryniceofyoutosayso.
Itisgenerousofhimtosharehiscomputerwithyou.
注意:
在上述句式中,第一和第三可以互换,意思不变。
如:
Itisgoodforstudentstodomorningexerciseseveryday.=Itisgoodthatthestudentsdomorningexerciseeveryday.
Itisdangerousforachildtoswimaloneintheriver.=Itisdangerousthatachildswimsaloneintheriver.
四、语篇复习:
Read‘Givingahelpinghand’onpage90andfinishthefollowingpieceofwriting.
假如你是Peter,今天在网上看到一则关于贵州一对孤儿兄妹生活现状的新闻,很是同情。
请根据下表提示,用英文写一封倡议书,呼吁更多的人来关心和帮助这对兄妹
姓名
肖凯(12岁)
肖雯(10岁)
学校
贵州省铜仁市光明小学
家庭背景
1.父亲患严重的血液病,医生说手术也许能够挽救他,
但是手术要花费三十多万元,母亲离家两年未归,
他们没有足够的钱。
然而,对父亲而言,手术很重要;
2.和70岁的奶奶一起生活,生活极度困难;
3.最近奶奶生病,两个孩子面临失学的危险。
帮助措施
捐出零花钱;
……(自拟内容)
Dearall,
TwostudentsinGuizhouneedourhelp.
XiaoKaiandXiaoWenarebrotherandsister.XiaoKaiis12yearsoldandXiaoWenis10yearsold.BothofthemstudyinGuangmingPrimarySchool,Tongren,GuizhouProvince.
Theirfatherhasaseriousblooddisease.Thedoctorsaysanoperationmaysavehim.Butitwillcostover300,000yuan.Theirmotherhasbeenawayfromhomesincetwoyearsago.Theydonothaveenoughmoney.However,itisimportantfortheirfathertohavetheoperationassoonaspossible.Theylivewiththeir70-year-oldgrandmother.Theyhavenofoodtoeatorclothestowear.Sadly,theirgrandmotherfellillnotlongago.Thetwochildrenhavenochancetogotoschool.
I’mwritingtoaskyouforhelp.Pleasedonateyourpocketmoneyoryoucansendthembooksandclothes.Ifallofuscangiveahelpinghand,theywillliveabetterlife.
Thanksalotforyourhelp.
Peter
五、熟记书中重点短语与句子:
P78—79
1.训练成为一名志愿者traintobeavolunteer
2.志愿帮助穷人volunteertohelpthepoor
3.支持我supportme
4.需要帮助的人们peoplewhoneedhelp
5.一名残疾人adisabledperson
6.一名盲人ablindperson
7.一名老人anelderlyperson
8.聋哑人deafpeople
9.无家可归的人ahomelessperson
10.给他们食物和衣服givethemfoodandclothes
11.给当地政府写信writetothelocalgovernment
12.提供特别居所给无家可归的人。
(2种)
providespecialplacesforhomelesspeople=providehomelesspeoplewithspecialplaces
P80—83
13.一份志愿者经历的报告
areportontheexperienceofavolunteer
14.期待他做一名工程师expecthimtobeanengineer
15.为奥运会志愿服务volunteerfortheOlympics
16.他生命中最令人惊喜的经历
themostamazingexperienceofhislife
17.有智障的成人adultswithintellectualdisabilities
18.与---相似besimilarto
19.放弃他们的业余时间giveuptheirsparetime
20.接受训练receivetraining
21.做这些工作dothetasks
22.一名运动员anathlete
23.一名游泳教练aswimmingcoach
24.感到更加自信feelmoreconfident
25.把人们团结在一起bringpeopletogether
26.