届高三英语科普文和故事类阅读理解含答案.docx

届高三英语科普文和故事类阅读理解含答案.docx

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2019届高三英语科普文和故事类阅读理解含答案

科普文1

Terraforming（Earth-forming）otherplanets,alsoknownasplanetaryengineering（行星工程）,seemslikeataskstillcenturiesawayformankindtoaccomplish.However,itisavigoroustopicthatattractsbothpopularandscientificinterest.Whyshouldthepossibilityofterraformingotherplanetsbestudiedwhenitmaybecenturiesbeforeweknowenoughtoevendecideifit’sagoodidea?

Mankindisgettingmoreandmorehardfactsaboutotherplanets.TheatmosphereofVenushasbeenexplored;robotshavesurveyedthesurfaceofMars;Mercury,JupiterandSaturnhavebeenstudiedbyspacecraft.Speculationshavebeenanswered;newquestionshavebeenraised,andenoughharddataisrightnowbecomingavailabletoallowustomakethefirstattemptofplanetaryengineering.

Inthepast,peoplewithexcellentideasaboutterraforminghavekeptthemtothemselves,orburiedtheminadeskdrawerbecausetheydidnotrealizethatanyoneelsewasinterested.Butnow,awidecircleofpeoplehasbeguntodothiskindofwork.Forinstance,NASAfundedaprojectontransformingMars.

Thereareseveralstrongreasonswhichdemandthatthepossibilitiesofterraformingbestudiedcarefully.First,it’sanexcitingideaofapossiblefutureforhumanbeings.Suchthinkinghasavaluableroleinprovidingoptionsforourfuturedirections.Secondly,thetechniquesofterraformingwillalsohelpcontemporarytechnologiesinweatherandclimatecontrol.Thirdly,suchstudymayassistusindetectinganypossibleexistenceofextraterrestrialintelligence（SETI,TheSearchforExtraterrestrialIntelligence,地外文明搜索）andalien（异己的）civilizationsonotherplanets.

Thoughthemissionisfarbeyondourreachatthemoment,weshouldatleastkeepouroptionsopen.Throughdebateandstudyonthissubject,thepossibilityofrebuildingotherplanetstomakethemsuitablehomesforpeoplemaycometruesomedayinthefuture.

54.Accordingtothecontext,what’sthemeaningoftheword“speculation”inparagraph2?

A.Theactofdiscussingsomethingwithagroupofpeople.

B.Theactofstudyingandresearching.

C.Theactofguessingwithoutknowingallthefactsaboutsomething.

D.Theactingofwritingletterstoacertainorganization.

55.Whydidpeoplekeeptheideaofterraformingtothemselvesinthepast?

A.Theythoughtnooneelsewouldshowinterestintheidea.

B.Theygraduallycametofindtheideacrazy.

C.Theythoughttheideawouldnevercometrue.

D.Theyhadfewresourcesforfurtherstudyonthistopic.

56.WhichisNOTthereasontosupportthestudyofterraforming?

A.Evenifwedon’tsucceedinterraforming,suchstudymayhelpustobetterunderstandtechnologiessuchasclimateandweathercontrol.

B.Suchstudymayexploreanewdirectionofdevelopmentforhumanbeings.

C.Suchstudymayenableustofindthelivesonotherplanets.

D.AstheresourcesonEartharebeingdrained,it’sveryurgenttostudyhowtomigrate（迁移）tootherplanets.

57.What’sthemainideaofthearticle?

A.It’shighlypossiblethatterraformingotherplanetswillcometruesoweshouldincreaseinvestinginthisprogram.

B.Eveniftheideaofterraformingotherplanetsmaytakecenturiestorealize,wehavemanyreasonstosupportsuchstudies.

C.Terraformingotherplanetsisthebestoptionforhumanbeing’sfuture.

D.Moreandmorepeoplearetakingplanetaryengineeringastheiroccupation.

54-57CADB

科普文2

CookingKillsFourMillionPeopleaYear

Pollutedairborneparticles（大气悬浮颗粒）kill7millionpeopleayear,reportstheWorldHealthOrganization.

ThatnewsmaynotcomeasasurprisetoanyonewhohasseenimagesofchimneysinBeijing,DelhiorMexico.Butthosefactories－oreventhejammedroadwaysofmoderncities－arenotthebiggestkiller.Eachyear,some4.3millionpeopledieearlierthantheyshouldbecauseofpollutedairinsidetheirhomes,saystheWHO.

What'scausingtheairinsidepeople'shomestobesopoisonousthatitkillsaround11,000peopleaday?

Stoves.“Havinganopenfireinyourkitchenislikeburning400cigarettesanhour.”saysKirkSmith,aprofessorattheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeley,whoseresearchsuggeststhathouseholdairpollutionfromcookingkilledbetween3.5millionand4millionpeoplein2013.

Notallstovescausethiskindofharm.TheonesSmith'stalkingaboutarethosethatthe3billionpeopleinthedevelopingworlduseforheatandcooking,whichburnsolidfuelssuchaswood,coal,orcropwasteinsteadofgas.Thesmokefromthosefiresproducesharmfulfineparticlesandcarbonmonoxideintohomes.Poorventilationthenpreventsthatsmokefromescaping,raisingfineparticlelevels100timeshigherthanthelimitsthattheWHOconsidersacceptable.

Breathingthisairdayindayouteventuallycausesalotofdiseases:

morethanathirdofthe4.3million