进阶大学英语第五单元课后练习答案.docx

进阶大学英语第五单元课后练习答案.docx

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进阶大学英语第五单元课后练习答案

KeytoExercises

Opener

1.Thespeakeristalkingabout thecomingglobalwatercrisis/waterproblem.

2.Wateristhekeycomponentinourdailylife,notonlyfor humanuse,butforenergy,industry, agriculture,andlivestock.

3.Ifyoulookat theearth,youwillnoticethatover75%ofourblueplanetiswater.Buttheproblemisonly3%ofthatwateris freshwater.

Transcript:

Today,accordingtoUNICEF,atleast2.6billionpeoplelackadequatesanitation,while1.1billionpeoplelivewithoutcleandrinkingwaterperiod.Wateristhekeycomponentinallofourdailylivesnomatterwherewelive,notonlyforhumanuse,butforenergy,industry,agriculture,andlivestock.Nowifyoulookattheearth,you’llnoticethatover75%ofourblueplanetiswater.Theproblemisonly3%ofthatwaterisfreshwater.

Reading&Interacting

I.UnderstandingtheText

1.TextOrganization

1.1

Paras.1-2:

Weneedtoconservewateraggressivelysothatscientistscanhavetimetofindsolutions.

Paras.3-7:

Waterisgoingtobethemostimportantandmostcontentiousresourceofthe21stcentury.

Paras.8-9:

Therearesolutions,buttheytaketime.

Para.10:

Aggressiveconservationisneededtobuyustimebeforescientistsfindsolutions.

1.2

1）Waterisonthewaytobecomingthemostimportantresourceofthe21stcentury.Gettingwaterrightisthegreatchallengetheworldisconfrontedwith.Tomeetthechallengeconservationshouldcomefirst;thenfollowitupwithnewsolutions.

2）Tointroducethewaterproblem,theauthortellsusaboutwhathappenedonenightwhenheandhisseven-year-olddaughterwerebrushingteethtogether.Insodoingtheauthortriestointroducethereadertoaserioustopicinacasualmanner.Besides,italsoremindsusofthefactthateveryonecanplayarole,eveninourdailylife,insavingwater.

3）HecitesthelateNobelLaureateRichardSmalley’slistofhumanity’stop10problemsforthenext50years.

4）Hewantstoshowthereaderhowdifficultitisforustofindasolutiontothewaterproblem.

5）Herepeatswhathesaysatthebeginningofthearticle:

Thewaterproblemcanbesolvedbut“Thescientistsneedtime.”

2.ComprehensionCheck

2.1Focusingonthemainideas

Inhis2003speechatRiceUniversity’sEnergy&NanotechnologyConference,thelateNobelLaureateRichardSmalleyhighlightedthe top 10problemsforthenext50years.Inhislist, energy sitsatthetop,andwatercomesnext.Now,withthepriceofsolarpowergoingdown,thedawnofanewenergy era isjustaroundthecorner.Asaresult, water isgoingtobethegreatestchallengeforhumanity.

Butthewaterproblemis complicated.First,unlikecoalandoil,watercannotbe replaced.Second,wateris intertwined witheveryothersectorofsociety.Third,whilewaterdemandsaregrowing,climatechangeisintensifyingdroughtsandfloodsandwatersuppliesare fluctuating.

Therearesolutions,suchasbuildingwater-transferaqueducts,hydroelectricdams,anddesalinationplants.Buttheymaybeincredibly expensive.Itwill taketime forscientiststofindaffordablesolutionstothewaterproblem.Beforethat,everyoneshoulddohisorherbitto conserve water.

2.2Diggingintodetail

1）Hemeansthatwaterismostlikelytobecomeastrategicresourcelikeoilthatcouldtriggergeopoliticalconflict.

2）Becausesolvingtheenergyandwaterproblemswillmaketheotherproblemseasiertodealwith.Abundantenergyandwatersupplieswillincreasefoodproductionandimprovetheenvironment.Theywillalsoreducepovertyanddisease,andsoforth.

3）Itmostprobablymeansenergyproducedatalowcost.

4）Hemeansthateveryothersectorofsocietyneedswater.Peopleneedwaterintheirdailylife.Energyproductionrequireswaterforcoolingpowerplants.Industryneedswaterforallsortsofpurposes.Agricultureneedswaterforirrigation.

5）Yes,hedid.Becausehesaidgettingfreshwaterfromsaltwateratacheappricewoulddwarfallotherscientificaccomplishments.

2.3Understandingdifficultsentences

∙1）A

∙2）B

∙3）A

∙4）A

∙5）A

II.FocusingonLanguageinContext

1.KeyWords&Expressions

1.1

1.Itwillbeaclosegame.The outcome ishardtopredict.

2.Travelersonatight budget wouldchoosetogotherebytraininsteadofbyplane.

3.Tomwas onthepointof leavingthegardenwhenheheardsomeonecry:

“Isn’titTom?

Icanhardlybelievemyeyes.”

4.Innovation iswhatweneedwhenwedesignnewproducts.

5.Theproblemturnedouttobefarmore complicated thanhehad foreseen.

6.Theworksinthisroomare mostly bylocalartists.Theyembodytheartists’visionofapeacefulandenvironment-friendly civilization.

7.Water,though abundant inBrazil,isextremelyunevenly distributed amongitsregions.

8.Eventoday,myfirstEnglishteacher’sencouragingwordsstill ringinmyears.

9.Henryhasmanyfriendsworkinginthegovernment.His sources ofinformationareusually reliable.

10.Thesefiguresshowthatthedeath rate ofroadaccidentgetshigherasthespeedofthecarincreases.

11.Withwaterdemandgrowing,the conflict betweenthetwoneighboringvillagesoverwaterhas intensified overtheyears.

12.Yearsagotheprofessorsaidthattherewasnodoubtthatthepeopleinthiscitywould beconfrontedwith awatershortage,ifnotawatercrisis. Subsequent eventshaveprovedhispredictionstobeexactlyright.

13.TheTVprogram highlights theaftermathoftheParisterroristattacks.

1.2

∙1）aroundthecorner

∙2）ThemoneyfromheruncleenabledJenny

∙3）dwarfsouroldhouse

∙4）ontrack

∙5）andsoforth

1.3

1.Webelievethatbuildingapowerfulnavy isintheinterestofour nationaldefense.

2.Hethoughtthecoffeeatbreakfastwastoosweet.It wasn’ttohisliking.

3.Thenewsystemissaidtoenableustousemuchlessoilthanbefore,inotherwords,to increaseenergyefficiency considerably.

4.Speakingoftherealestatemarket,whenpeoplearelosingtheirjobs,itisalmostcertainthatthehouseprices willgodown.

5.Aregionalconferenceon theconservationof fisheryresourceswillbeheldinSeoulnextweek.

2.ConfusableWords

2.1

1.LaborDayintheUSfallsonthe first MondayinSeptember.

2.Thespeakerseemedalittlenervous atfirst,butafterashortwhilebecamerelaxed.

3.YouwanttolearnmakingChinesedumplings?

 First ofall,letmeshowyouhowtomakedough.

4.Itwassunnybutcoolwhenwestarted.Sothejourneywasquitepleasant atfirst.Thenallofasuddentherecameathunderstorm.

2.2

1.Canadaisacountryrichinnatural resources.

2.Thetravelerswalkedupstreamuntiltheyreachedthe source oftheriver.

3.Sofartherehasbeennoresponsefromofficial sources.

4.Withsuchlimited resources,themanagerhasbeendoingremarkablywelltokeeptheorganizationgoing.

3.SentencePatterns

3.1

1.Thefactthathehasfullyrecoveredfromhisbadaccidentshowsthatmedicinecanworkwonders.

2.Thereason（that）businessesaremovingtheirplantstodevelopingcountriesisthatlaborcostsintheirhomecountriesaretoohigh.

3.Ifwegoonignoringthefactthatourriversarerunningdryorbeingpolluted,theconsequenceswillnotbehardtopredict.

4.Thereason（that）foodpricesarerisingisthatlastyear’scropwasn’tgood.

3.2

1.Whetherthechickencamebeforetheegg,ortheeggbeforethechicken,isaquestionofhowlifebeganingeneral.

2.Isawheronthepointoftearswhenshegottheresultoftheexam.Idon’tknowwhetherweshouldgotocomfortherorjustleaveheralone.

3.It’snotclearwhethershestillwantstogotothelakeorhaschangedhermind.

4.Manyyoungmarriedcouplesarewonderingwhethertheyshouldbuyorjustrentanapartment.

4.ComprehensivePractice

1.A:

WhywilloilceasetobetheNo.1problemofourtime?

B:

Thedawnofanewenergyeraisjust aroundthecorner.Oilpricesare goingdown becausesolarpowerisbecomingcheaper.Besides,improvementsinenergy efficiency,whilehelpingtocreateaclean environment,arereducingwasteandthedemandforoil.

2.A:

Whyisn’titeasytosolvethewaterproblem?

B:

Becausewaterisfar morecomplicated thanenergy.Noother resourcecanreplace water,soitisimpossibletofind analternativeto it.Besides,waterdemandisrising,butwatersupplyisfluctuatingasaresultofclimatechange.

3.A:

Whyisitimportantforustoconservewater?

    B:

Waterisgoingtobethemostcontentious resource ofthe21stcentury.Itwilltriggergeopolitical conflicts.That’swhywater conservation isnotonly intheinterestof oureconomybutalsoataskof strategic importance.

Reading&Comprehending

Reading1

1.ComprehensionCheckforReading1

∙1）T

∙2）F

∙3）T

∙4）F

∙5）T

∙6）T

∙7）T

∙8）T

∙9）F

∙10）T

2.Translation

1.地球的水只有不到3%是淡水，并且大部分都被堵在雪地和冰川中，不容易获取。

2.……但不幸的是，许多因素严重扰乱了淡水的流动和使用，使地球的许多地区出现大面积的危机。

3.这意味着如果我们在保护水和明智用水方面无所作为，所有地区迟早都将遭遇水危机及随之而来的影响。

4.绝不要以为你所处的社会先进，不至于会出现缺水问题。

Reading2

ComprehensionCheckforReading2

1.Pollutionandscarcity.

2.Thesourcesofpollutionincludemanufacturingemissions,poorlytreatedsewage,industrialspillsandagriculturalrunoff.

3.Itmeansthatthewaterproblemdidnothappenovernight;insteaditresultedfromourage-oldpracticeofpollutingwaterorwastingwaterinadditiontonaturalcontaminationandnaturaldisasters.

4.Asustainable,long-termsolution.

IntegratedSkillsPracticing

I.Viewing&Listening

1）Segment1

ConsidertheAralSea,forexample,locatedincentralAsia.ThenameAralSeaisactuallytranslatedinto“SeaofIslands”,referringtoover1,534islandsthatonceexisted.TodaytheAralSeais down to10%ofitsoriginal size.Thesamethingishappeninginotherareasthatwereonceflourishing（but）arenow turninginto