英语高考英语阅读理解社会文化模拟试题及解析.docx
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英语高考英语阅读理解社会文化模拟试题及解析
(英语)高考英语阅读理解(社会文化)模拟试题及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类
1.阅读理解
APG-13ratingisastricterwarningbytheRatingBoardtoparentstodeterminewhethertheirchildrenunderage13shouldviewthefilm.APG-13filmmaygobeyondthePGratingintheme,violence,nudity(裸露),language,adultactivitiesorotherelements,butdoesnotreachtherestrictedRcategory.
ThethemeofthefilmbyitselfwillnotresultinaratinggreaterthanPG-13,althoughactivitiesshowninthefilmrelatedtoamaturethememayresultinarestrictedratingforthefilm.AnydrugusewillinitiallyrequireatleastaPG-13rating.MorethanbriefnuditywillrequireatleastaPG-13rating,butsuchnudityinPG-13ratedfilmgenerallywillnotbesexuallyoriented.TheremaybeviolencesceneinaPG-13movie,butgenerallynotbothrealisticandextremeorpersistentviolence.
Asingleuseofoneoftherudewordsinafilm,thoughonlyasanexpletive(感叹语),initiallyrequiresatleastaPG-13rating.MorethanonesuchbadwordrequiresanRrating,asmustevenoneofthosewordsusedinasexualcontext.TheRatingBoardneverthelessmayratesuchafilmPG-13if,basedonaspecialvotebyatwo-thirdsmajority,theRatersfeelthatmostAmericanparentswouldbelievethataPG-13ratingisappropriatebecauseofthecontextormannerinwhichthewordsareusedorbecausetheuseofthosewordsinthefilmiseasilyneglected.
(1)Whatisthemaingoalofthispassage?
A.Todiscussvariousmovieratings.
B.Toexplainvariousmovieratings.
C.ToexplainthedifferencebetweenPG-13andRmovieratings.
D.ToexplainthePG-13movierating.
(2)AccordingtoPG-13rating,thethemeofthemovie__________.
A.haslittleimpactonitsrating
B.hasalargeimpactonitsrating
C.shouldbeentertaining
D.shouldbesuitableforchildren
(3)FromParagraph2,wecanlearnthatdrugusage__________.
A.shouldnotbeallowedinmovies
B.isdangerous
C.makesaPG-13ratingnecessary
D.isnotappropriateforchildrenunder13
(4)Whatdoesamoviewithtwoormoreusesofbadwordsrequire?
A.APGrating.
B.APG-13rating.
C.AnRrating.
D.AnNC-17rating.
【答案】
(1)D
(2)A
(3)C
(4)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。
PG-13级是电影分级委员会对家长发出的更严格的警告,目的是决定13岁以下的孩子是否应该看这部电影。
文章介绍了PG-13电影分级。
(1)考查推理判断。
纵观全文可知,本文从主题、暴力、裸体、语言、成人活动方面解释了PG-13的电影分级。
全文目的在于解释PG-13。
故选D。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“ThethemeofthefilmbyitselfwillnotresultinaratinggreaterthanPG-13,althoughactivitiesshowninthefilmrelatedtoamaturethememayresultinarestrictedratingforthefilm.”,电影的主题本身不会导致评级大于PG-13,尽管在电影中出现的与成熟主题相关的活动可能会导致对电影的限制评级。
此可知,电影的主题对PG-13评级影响不大。
故选A。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据第二段中的“AnydrugusewillinitiallyrequireatleastaPG-13rating.”任何药物使用最初都需要至少达到PG-13级别。
可知,药物使用使PG-13评级是必要的。
故选C。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“MorethanonesuchbadwordrequiresanRrating,asmustevenoneofthosewordsusedinasexualcontext.”,一部有两个或两个以上脏话用法的电影需要满足R级。
故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
SinglesDay:
AlibabaSaysaLotofPeopleinChinaBoughtOnline
Theplanet'sbiggestshoppingdayhascomeandgone,andAlibabaagainshowedtheworldhowmanymountainsofstuff(物品)itcouldpersuadepeopletobuyinthe24hours.
MondaywasNov.11,knowninChinaasSinglesDay.Thisyear,nearly$38.3billionworthofstuffwassoldonAlibaba'splatforms(平台)thatday,beatinglastyear's$30.8billionandmakingBlackFridaylook,yetagain,likeayardsale.
Chinahasgrownricherandmoredigitallyconnected.Alibabahasbecomeatechnologypowerhouse.Alongtheway,thecompanyhasmadeafewfamousfriends.ThisyearthesingerTaylorSwiftperformedinitslive-streamedeveninggala(庆典)inShanghaionSunday.InpreviousyearsthemodelMirandaKerrandtheactorsNicoleKidmanandDanielCraigalsoshowedontheSinglesDaystage.
AlibabastartedtakingtheleadinChina,simplyenough,byconnectingbigChinesemanufacturerswithbigbuyersacrosstheworld.Itsbusiness-to-businesssite,Aallowedpeopletobuyalmosteverything.Alibaba'sadvantagewasn'thardtosee:
size.Alibabaisjustbig,evenbyChinesestandards.
Alibabanowcallsitselfadataandtechnologycompany,onethatprovidesdigitaltoolstohelpthebusinessesonitsplatforms.That,inturn,leadsconsumerstolooktothoseplatformsfortheireveryneed,fromshoppingandservicestoentertainmentandtravel.Today,Alibabaisitselfagiganticcompany,anditwantstogrowbiggerstill.
(1)Whereisthispassageprobablyfrom?
A.Atextbook.
B.Anewspaper.
C.Asciencenewsreport.
D.Anadvertisement.
(2)HowmanyfamouspeopleshowedontheSinglesDaystage?
A.2.
B.3.
C.4.
D.5.
(3)WhatdoesAlibaba'sadvantagemainlyliein?
A.Itsplatform.
B.Itsservice.
C.Itsprice.
D.Itssize.
(4)Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword"gigantic"inthelastparagraph?
A.Large.
B.Small.
C.Good.
D.Successful.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)C
(3)D
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了引领了中国双十一购物节的阿里巴巴公司。
每年购物节前夕都会找明星预热。
同时介绍了阿里巴巴的相关信息。
(1)考查推理判断。
本文介绍了中国双十一购物节相关数据和阿里巴巴公司的情况,可以从报纸了解到相关信息。
故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的TaylorSwift,MirandaKerr,NicoleKidman,DanielCraig等人都参加了双十一晚会庆典,共4人,故选C。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的“Alibaba'sadvantagewasn'thardtosee:
size.Alibabaisjustbig,evenbyChinesestandards.”阿里巴巴的优势不难看出,就是其规模,而且阿里巴巴的规模以中国标准而言也是非常大的。
故选D。
(4)考查词义猜测。
最后一段中的“anditwantstogrowbiggerstill”,阿里巴巴也想继续扩大,此处使用了bigger形容词的比较级,由此可判断划线词意为“大”,故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,并根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Tobeagoodteacher,youneedsomeofthegiftsofagoodactor;youmustbeabletoholdtheattentionandinterestofyouraudience;youmustbeaclearspeaker,withagood,strong,pleasantvoicewhichisfullyunderyourcontrol;andyoumustbeabletoactwhatyouareteaching,inordertomakeitsmeaningclear.
Watchagoodteacher,andyouwillseethathedoesn'tsitstillbeforehisclass;hestandsthewholetimeheisteaching;hewalksabout,usinghisarms,handsandfingerstohelphiminhisexplanations,andhisfacetoexpressfeelings.
Thereareveryimportantdifferencesbetweentheteacher'sworkandtheactor's.Theactorhastospeakwordswhichhehaslearntbyheart;hehastorepeatexactlythesamewordseachtimeheplaysacertainpart,evenhismovementsandthewaysinwhichheuseshisvoiceareusuallyfixedbeforehand(预先).Whathehastodoistomakeallthesecarefullylearntwordsandactionsseemnaturalonthestage.Agoodteacherworksinquiteadifferentway.Hisaudiencetakeanactivepartinhisplay:
theyaskandanswerquestions,theyobeyorders,andiftheydon'tunderstandanything,theysayso.Theteachercan'tlearnhispartbyheart,butmustinventitashegoesalong.
Ihaveknownmanyteacherswhoarefineactorsinclassbutareunabletotakepartinastage-playbecausetheycan'tkeepstrictlytowhatanotherhaswritten.
(1)Fromthepassage,weknow______.
A.agoodteachershouldbeagoodactor.
B.agoodteachermaybeunabletoactwellonthestage.
C.agoodactorshouldbeagoodteacher.
D.agoodactormayactwellinclass.
(2)WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.Agoodteachershouldspeakclearly.
B.Agoodteachershouldsitstillbeforehisclassandspeakwithhisbodylanguage.
C.Agoodactorshouldspeakasothershaveaskedhimtodo.
D.Agoodactorshouldrepeatexactlythesamewordseachtimeheplaysacertainpart.
(3)Theskillsofagoodteacherare______.
A.drawhisstudents'attention.
B.changehisvoicewhenneeded.
C.actoutwhatheisteaching.
D.alltheabove.
(4)Thetitle(标题)ofthepassageis______.
A.Howtobeagoodteacher.
B.Howtobeagoodactor.
C.Agoodteacher'sknowledge.
D.Agoodactor'sbehavior.
【答案】
(1)B
(2)B
(3)D
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了教师职业与演员职业的异同。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据最后一段中的“Ihaveknownmanyteacherswhoarefineactorsinclassbutareunabletotakepartinastage-playbecausetheycan'tkeepstrictlytowhatanotherhaswritten.”我认识许多老师,他们在课堂上是很好的演员,但在舞台剧中却表演不好,因为他们不能严格遵守别人提前写好的内容,可知,一个好老师不一定在表演台上能表演好。
故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“Watchagoodteacher,andyouwillseethathedoesn'tsitstillbeforehisclass;hestandsthewholetimeheisteaching”看一个好老师,你会看到他常常不会静静地在教室前边坐着,他在教授的整节课上都会站着,可知,一个好老师不应该就在班级前坐着,所以选项B描述不正确。
故选B。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据第一段可知,要成为一名优秀的教师,你需要具备某些好演员的天赋。
你必须能hold住观众(学生)的注意力和兴趣点。
语言要清晰,声音要宏亮、悦耳,而且收放自如。
.而且为了让你所传授的东西更好地被理解,你应该能把你它表演出来。
,故选D。
(4)考查主旨大意。
本文第一段提出了做一名好老师应该具有的天赋,以及通过与演员职业对比,说明做老师与做演员的差异。
文章从前到后都在告诉我们如何才能成为一名好老师。
故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
4.阅读理解
BEIJING/SAOPAULO-Chinesetraditionslikecockfightinglike-flyingandfireworkshavebeenquitecommoninBrazilformanyyears.
Despitethethousandsofkilometersbetweenthem,China'shistoricalandartisticmarkonBrazilhasexistedforabout300years,saidBraziliansinologist(汉学家)JoseRobertoTeixeiraLeiteinhisbookChinainBrazil."InfluencesfromChinacandatefromthecolonialperiod,evenuptothetimeafterafterBrazil'sindependence."Thecommercialrelationshipbetweenthetwocountrieshasexistedforalongtime,henoted,addingthatincomingshipswouldfillupBraziliancitieslikeSalvador,RiodeJaneiroandRecifewithChineseproductslikeporcelain(瓷器),silkandfansHealsofoundChineseinfluencenotonlyintheartsandarchitectureofBrazilbutalsointhemostdiverseareasofBraziliansociety,liketheeconomy,medicineandpopularculture."Attheendofthe19thcentury,inPernambuco,(astateinnortheasternBrazil),therewasacustomthatchildrensleptwithclothesdecoratedwithChinesedragons."Teixeiraadded.
Thebooktookhimabout15yearstofinish."Theimpactofthebooksurprisedm