高中英语笔记必修三四五.docx

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高中英语笔记必修三四五.docx

高中英语笔记必修三四五

高中英语笔记必修三、四、五

必修三

Unit1

1.starve[v.]

及物动词例:

Millionsofpeoplestarvedtodeathduringthewar.(饿死)

Starvefor=besrarvedof=longfor极度渴望

例:

Thehomelesschildrenwerestarvingfor/werestarvedofaffection.(无家可归的孩子都渴望得到疼爱)

不及物动词例:

I’mstarving.(仅用于进行时态)

2.dress[v.]穿戴作为及物动词时,不接表示衣服的名词,要接表示人的名词或代词,表示自己穿衣服的时候用反身代词例:

Wedressedthechildren.又:

Idressedmyself.

Bedressedin后接表示颜色或衣服的名词例:

Shewasdressedinred.

3.award.

[n.]表示奖赏或奖品,常与win/gain/receive搭配

[v.]表示颁发、授予、后接双宾语例:

TheschoolawardedMerryaprizeforhergoodwork.

4.the+形容词、the+过去分词表示一类人或一类事物,或表示抽象概念做主语时谓语动词用复数;若指抽象概念,做主语时谓语动词用单数

例:

Nowadays,theyoungarealwaysseekingthebeautiful,whichhasbeengoneforages.

(现今很多年轻人【一类人】总是寻找那些已经消失多年的美丽【抽象概念】)

5.doharmtosb/sth=dosb/sthharm对...有害dogoodtosb/sth=dosb/sthgood对...有利

donoharmtosb/sth对...无害

例:

Domoreharmthangood弊大于利Domoregoodthanharm利大于弊

6.leadsb.todosth引导某人做某事leadsb.in(doing)sth导致某人做某事

例:

Theguideledusthroughtheforest.又:

Theteachersleadusinplantingtrees.

7.为某人提供某物的几种表达

offersthtosb=offersbsth

providesthforsb=providesbwithsth

supplysthtosb=supplysb.withsth

例:

WhenImeetdifficulty,myroommatewilloffermehelp

又:

Thegovernmentneedtoprovidetheseoldpeoplewithfoodandclothing.

又:

Electricityshouldbesuppliedenougheverymonth.

8.asif/asthough引导表语从句或方式状语从句,可用虚拟语气,也可用陈述语气

表示与事实有可能相反,用虚拟语气。

例:

Hebehavedasif/thoughnothinghadhappened.(状语)

Helooksasif/thoughhewereill.(表语)

规则:

与现在事实相反,从句谓语动词用一般过去式(be动词用were)

与过去事实相反,从句谓语动词用过去完成式(如果从句有明显的过去时间,则用一般过去式)

与将来事实相反,从句谓语动词用过去将来式(would/might/could+动词原形)

陈述语气表示很有可能的事实

例:

Itlooksasif/thoughitisgoingtorain.又;Shespoketomeasif/thoughsheknewme.

9.inmemoryof=tothememoryof

例:

Hewrotethepoeminmemoryofhisfriend.

拓展:

inhonorof对...表示敬意inneed/wantof需要inchargeof掌管inpraiseof称赞

Insearchof寻找inhoprof希望inplaceof代替infavorof支持

Unit2Healthyeating

1.balance[n.]平衡[v.]使...保持平衡

keepone’sbalance保持平衡loseone’sbalance失去平衡beoutofbalance失去平衡(介词短语)

thebalanceofnature生态平衡

2.现在分词作状语表条件、伴随、时间、原因、结果等

例:

Walkinginthestreet,shemetheroldfriend.(时间)

Seeingnobodyathome,shedecidetoeatoutsides.(原因)

Thechildfell,strickinghisheadagainsttheground.(结果)

3.比较级的否定形式表示最高级

例:

Nothingcouldbebetter.又:

Ihavenerverseenabetterfilm.

Nobodylovedmoneybetterthanhedid.

4.see/watch/notice/hear/feel+sb+dosth.(全过程)

+doingsth.(一个动作)

例;Isawhimputeverythinginhisbagandgoout.

Isawhimputtingsomethinginhisbag.

1.be/gettiredof厌倦betiredout精疲力尽betiredfrom因...而疲倦

例:

IwastiredoutwhenIreachedthetopofthemoutain.又:

Iwastiredfromrunningfast.

2.seem的几种句式(意均为“好像”)

seem(tobe)+[n.]

seem(tobe)+adj/P.P

seemtodo(不定式有时需用进行时或完成时)

seem+like+[n.]

Itseems/seemed+that从句

Thereseemstobe...

Itseemsasif/though...

例:

Marryseems(tobe)aclevergirl.Thechildrenseemstobeeatingsomething.

Itseemsthatnobodyknewwhathadhappened.Itseemslikeagoodidea.

Itseemsasif/thoughsomebodyiscallingyou.

3.比较下列句式

havesb.doingsth

容许某人做某事,常用于情态动词的否定动词之后

例:

Ican’thavethemwastingtheirtimeinthisway.

让某人一直做某事例:

Mymotherhavemedoinghouseworkallday.

havesb/sthdo让某人/物做...(特指)

havesthdone

叫别人做某事(不定指)

使某事完成

遭遇某种不幸

havesthtodo有某事要做

例:

Ihavesomeclothestowash.(自己洗).Ihavesomeclotheswash.(叫别人洗)

4.glare,stare,gaze的区别

glare愤怒地看,怒视例;Theystoppedarguing,andglareateachother.

stare盯着、由于惊喜、害怕、生气、或沉思而睁大眼睛全神贯注地看。

例:

Itoldmysontostopstaringatthatwoman,itwasn’tpolite.

gaze凝视,指短时间的注意例:

Shegazedathiminamazement.

5.beforelong和longbefore的区别

beforelong不久以后,很快:

多与将来时或过去时连用例:

Beforelonghehadtomoveon.

Longbefore很久以前;跟完成时连用例;Hehadtakenadoctor’sdegreelongbefore.

Unit3TheMillionPoundBankNote

1.permit[v.]允许,准许[n.]许可证

permitsbtodosth=permitsbdoingsth=sbbepermittedtodosth.允许某人做某事

使某事有可能例:

Ifmyhealthpermits,Iwillgowithyou.

2.spot[v.]找出、认出、发现(不用于进行时态)[n.]斑点、污点、红斑;地点

例:

Shespottedherfriendinthecrowed.又:

Thisisanicespotforahouse

拓展:

onthespot立刻、马上;现场的

3.Account[vi.]解释[vt.]认为accountant.会计

Onaccountof因为takeintoaccount考虑onnoaccount绝不

4.findoneself+介词短语/分词发觉

例:

Hefoundhimselfwalkinginthedirectionofthepark.

1.比较下列表示‘大量’的用法

many/agood(great)many/alargenumberof/largenumbersof/scoresof/dozensof等+复数名词

much/agood(great)dealof/alargeamountof等+不可数名词

amass(masses)of/alargequantityof/largequantitiesof/plentyof/lotsof/alotof/apile/pilesof既可接可数名词,又可接不可数名词

2.takechances/achance+onsth/ofdoingsth=take/run+arisk/risks+onsth/ofdoingsth冒险做某事

7.短语

belostinsth专注于某事belostinthought想得入神belosttosth不再受某事物影响,将某事置之度外

agreenhand新手givesbahand给某人帮助thewhite/bluecollor白领/蓝领

make/haveabet打赌win/loseabet赢/输掉打赌takeup/acceptabet接受打赌

Unit4

1.remain

连系动词仍然是;保持不变

可接名词作表语例:

Thelabourshortageremainsaprobleminsociety.

可接形容词作表语例:

Threeoutoffourofthemenpresentremainsingle.

接过去分词表被动例:

Infact,theworkremainedunfinished.

接现在分词作表语例:

Thestudentsremainlisteningtothemusic

接介词短语例:

PeopleinsomepartsofAfricanremainindeeppoverty.

剩余;遗留;继续存在例:

Verylittleofthehouseremainedafterthefire.

与There连用,意思是剩下的,余下的例:

Thereremainsonedifficulttaskforustofinish.

接被动结构的不定式(tobedone),意为“尚待”

例:

Itremainstobeseenwhetheryouareright.

remaining[adj.]剩下的例:

Theremainingtenbooksbelongtome.

remains[n.]剩余物例:

Lindadranktheremainsofhercoffee.

2.dependon的用法

dependon/upon+[n.]/whether+从句取决于

例:

Whetherwe’llgohometomorrowornotdependonwhetheritwillrainornot.

dependon/uponsb.todosth.指望某人做某事

例:

Youcan’tdependonhimtocomeontime.(=hiscomingontime)

dependonitthat...指望例:

Youmaydependonitthathewilljoinourclub.

It/That(all)depends.看情况而定

3.比较下列两种句型

Tobeginwith以...为起点;开始做...

tostartwith以...开始;从...着手;由...作为开头

例:

Knowledgebeginswithpractice.(认识从实践开始)

又:

AthousandLijourneystartswiththefirststep.

4.短语

inone’sturn轮到某人inturn依次,逐个byturn轮流地

ontime准时atatime每次attimes有时innotime马上atonetime曾经atthesametime同时

Intime及时;迟早;最后例:

Youwillsuccedintime.又:

She’llbebackintimetopreparedinner.

5.倍数的表示方法

A+谓语+倍数+asmuch/many/large/great/fast/far等+asB

A+谓语+倍数+[adj.]/[adv.]+than+B

A+谓语+倍数+the+[n.](size/height/weight/length...)+of+B

6.betodosth常用来表示不可避免将要发生的事,也表示按客观或受人指使去做某事:

而begoingtodo表示主观的打算,计划

例:

I’mtoplayfootballtomorrow.(被迫,不得不)

I’mgoingtoplayfootballtomorrow.(自愿)

7.现在分词作状语表示多种意义

例:

Playingcomputergamesallday,youwillwasteyourvaluabletime.(条件)

Hermotherdied,leavingherwithheryoungbrother.(结果)

Walkinginthestreet,Isawafriendofmine.(时间)

Notfeelingverywell,Tomwenttoseethedoctor.(原因)

Unit5

1.measure

[n.]测量,措施;(常用复数形式)例:

Itookthemeasureofthedesk

[v.]测量,衡量例:

Let’smeasuretheheightoftheceiling.

短语:

insome/ameasure在某种程度上bemeasuredinfeet用英尺量

Ingreat/largemeasure在很大程度上takemeasurestodosth采取措施做某事

2.across,through,along的区别

across表示从物体表面穿过:

through表示在空间里移动(内部);along沿着细长的路走过

例:

They’rebuildinganewbridgeacrosstheriver.又:

Ittookustwohourstowalkthroughtheforest.

Goalongthestreetandturnleftatthefirsttrafficlighe.

3.managetodosth=succeedindoingsth设法做成某事trytodosth尝试做某事(不一定成功)

例:

Hemanagedtobehereontime又:

Hesaidhetriedtobehereontime.

4.notuntil的用法

not...until直到...才;句子或主句谓语动词一般为非延续性动词或be动词

例:

Youneedn’tcomeuntilsix.又:

Don’tgetoffthebusuntilitstops.

until直到...为止句子或主句谓语动词一般为延续性动词。

例:

Goonuntilyoureachtheend.又:

Heworkeduntilhisbossbacked.

notuntil置于句首要用部分倒装例:

NotuntilIcamebackdidshegoaway.

5.短语

catchsightof=havesightof瞥见,发现losesightof忽略insight看得见,在眼前

Outofsight看不见,在视线之外atfirstsight看一次就...loseone’ssight失明

Outofsight,outofmind眼不见,心不烦(眼不见为净)

inthedistance在远处fromadiatance从远处atadistance隔开一段距离

Keepsbatadistance疏远、冷落某人keepone’sdistancefrom与...保持距离。

Withinwalkingdistance在步行可及之处

6.gifted[adj.]有天赋的,有才华的

必修四

Unit1Womenofachivement

1.condition[n.]条件

beingoodcondition状况良好/健康例:

Thecarisinverygoodcondition.

Beoutofcondition状况不好/身体欠佳onthis/thatcondition在这个/那个条件下

Onnocondition在任何状况下都不;绝不makeitaconditionthat...以...为条件

Onconditionthat...在...的条件下

例:

Herparentsallowedhertogobutmadeitaconditionthatshemustgethomebeforemidnight.

We’llletyouusetheroomonconditionthatyoukeepitcleanandtidy.

Youshouldonnoconditionvisitthatplace.

2.behave[v.]行为behaviour[n.]行为;举止;表现

不及物动词:

行为,举止例:

Theboybehavedbravely.

及物动词:

守规矩,举止适当而有礼貌(后常接反身代词)例:

Pleasebehaveyourself.

不可数名词例:

Hewasonhisbestbehaviourattheparty.

常用搭配behavehonourably行为正大光明behaverudely行为粗暴

Behave(well/badly)to/towardsb.对待某人好/坏例;Hebehavedbadlyto/towardthecustomers.

3.Leavesb/sthdoingsth让某人/物做某事

例:

Theywentoffandleftmesittingthereallbymyself.

4.meandoingsth意味着meantodosth打算做某事

例:

Catchthefirstbusmeansgettingupearly.又:

Imeanttocallyou,butIwastoobusy.

5.warn[v.]警告

Warnsbagainstsb/doingsth.告诫,提防warnsbnottodosth警告某人不要做某事

Warnsbthat...警告某人...warnsbofsth.预先通知某人某事

例:

Thedoctorwarnedmenottodrink.又:

Thedoctorwarnedmeagainstdrinking.

6.worth.的句型

Beworth+[n.]值多少钱beworthdoingsth值得做某事beworthyof+[n.]配得上...或值得...

Beworthyofbeingdone=beworthytobedone值得被做It’sworthwhile(todo)/doingsth值得做...

例:

Thebookisworthreading.=Thebookiswarthyofbeingread.=Thebookisworthytobe

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