精练组合八 23.docx
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精练组合八23
23.阅读理解(2篇)+完形填空+短文改错
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019·河北“五个一名校联盟”考试)
话题:
有备无患
词数:
331
难度:
★★
IliveontheWestCoastofBritishColumbiawithmyhusbandandthreechildren.Ourdaystartedlikeanyotherday.Myhusbandleftforworkinthenorthofthetown,whichisanhourandahalf’sdrive.Theyoungerchildrencaughttheirbustoschooltenminutesaway.Ouroldestattendshighschoolandisa40-minutedriveaway.Iworkathomeintheoffice,workingonthecomputer.
ItwasNovember2006andthenewshadreportedgustywinds.WhenthewindsstartedtogetstrongIshutthecomputerdownandtriedtophonemyhusband.Ileftamessagetellinghimthewindswereblowingat80to90km/hr.AsIhungupthephone,Iheardatreecrack.Iwentoutsideandstoodinthedriveway.Anothertreeexplodedandmyheartwasracing.
Whentheschoolbuscarryingtheyoungstersarrived,Irantogetthem.Nosoonerhadwemadeittothehousethananothertreeexploded.Thechildrenwereclearlyscared,soIloadedthemupintothecarandweparkedinthemiddleoftheyard,wherenotreescouldlandonus.Itwasstartingtogetdark.
Myoldestsondidn’tcomehomeonthebusandmyhusbandwasstrandedatwork.Icalledthehighschoolandreachedmyson.Hesaidhewasstrandedanddidn’tknowwhattodo.Icalledafriendintownforhelp.Hemanagedtogetmysonhometome.Finally,myhusbandmanagedtogethome.
Wehadbeenpreparedforsuchevents,aswehadagenerator,candles,awoodstove,freshwater,batteriesandtwofreezersfulloffood.Wewerewithoutpowerforfivedays.Butwedidn’tpanic—wehadalltheemergencyequipmentweneeded.Thankfully,noneofourneighbourswereinjured,butthedamagewasextensive.Wearewitnessingclimatechange.Weneedtobeprepared.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。
讲述了作者一家人遭遇极端天气,家庭成员几经周折都安全到家,家里没电,但因为做了充分的准备,所以并不慌张。
1.Whendidthemotherhearatreecrackforthethirdtime?
A.Whenshewasonthephone.
B.Aftershehungupthephone.
C.Rightbeforesheandherkidswentintothehouse.
D.Rightaftersheandherkidsgotintothehouse.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。
根据第二段中的“AsIhungupthephone,Iheardatreecrack.Iwentoutsideandstoodinthedriveway.Anothertreeexploded...”和第三段前两句“Whentheschoolbuscarryingtheyoungstersarrived,Irantogetthem.Nosoonerhadwemadeittothehousethananothertreeexploded.”可知,作者把小的孩子接回家时,就听到第三棵树断裂的声音。
故选D。
2.Whydidthemotherparkthecarinthemiddleoftheyard?
A.Itwasdarkinsidethehouse.
B.Itwassafertherethaninthehouse.
C.Shewantedtowaitforherfamilythere.
D.Shewantedtoreceivehelpfromothers.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。
根据第三段最后一句“Thechildrenwereclearlyscared,soIloadedthemupintothecarandweparkedinthemiddleoftheyard,wherenotreescouldlandonus,itwasstartingtogetdark.”可知,作者把车停在院子中间,是因为没有树木能够砸到他们,为了安全起见。
故选B。
3.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“strandedatwork”probablymean?
A.Busycompletinghiswork.
B.Underthepressureofwork.
C.Stuckattheworkplace.
D.Worriedwhileworking.
答案 C
解析 词义猜测题。
根据第一段中的“Myhusbandleftforworkinthenorthofthetown”,画线词所在句“Myoldestsondidn’tcomehomeonthebusandmyhusbandwasstrandedatwork.”及画线词后的“Icalledthehighschoolandreachedmyson.Hesaidhewasstrandedanddidn’tknowwhattodo.”可知,作者的儿子被困在了学校,她的丈夫被困在了工作的地方。
故选C项。
4.Whydidn’tthefamilyfeelanxiouswhentherewasapowerfailure?
A.Everyonemadeithome.
B.Theyencouragedeachother.
C.Thepowerwouldverysoonberestored.
D.Theyhadgotallthenecessitiesforemergency.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。
根据最后一段第三句“Butwedidn’tpanic—wehadalltheemergencyequipmentweneeded.”可知,作者家里没有电,但是却不慌张,是因为做了充分的准备,有应急的设备。
故选D。
B
(2019·湖南衡阳联考)
话题:
人工智能
词数:
345
难度:
★★★
Newsanchors(主播)musthavebeenratherreluctanttoreadoutthefollowingnews:
XinXiaomengbeganworkingastheworld’sfirstfemaleartificial(人工的)intelligencenewsanchoratXinhuaNewsAgencyonSunday,threemonthsafteramalerobotjoinedtheprofession.
Unlikepreviousnewsrobotsthough,Xindoesnotreadnewslikeacoldmachine;shereadsitalmostlikeahumanbeing.Themusclesonherfacestretchandrelax—andherreactionschange—asshecontinuesreading.That’swhymanynewsanchorswereworried:
WillAIreplaceusinthenearfuture?
Tofindtheanswer,wehavetoanalysethetechnologiesthatsupportXinatherjob.ThreekeytechnologiesareusedtosupportXin.First,samplesofhumanvoicesarecollectedandsynthesized(合成).Thisisfollowedbythecollectionandsynthesisofhumanmusclemovementsamples.AndthirdthevoicesandmovementsaremarriedinawaythatwhentheAInewsanchorreads,themicro-electricmotorsbehindherfacemovetomakeherexpressionsseemmorehuman.
Yetweneedathoroughknowledgeofdeeplearningtechnologytomakearobotimitateaperson’svoice.Thedeveloperneedstocollecttensofthousandsofpiecesofpronunciations,inputthemintothemachineandmatchthemwiththetextfortheAItolearnandread.Theprocessforimitatingfacialmovementsissimilar.Thedeveloperhastoanalysethemovementsofthe53musclesinthehumanface,makeamodelsetfromthecollecteddatafortheAInewsanchortolearn,andimitatethemovementsoffacialmusclesviaprograms.
BoththetechnologiesusedtomakeXin’sperformanceimpressivearemature.Therealdifficultyliesinthethird—thetechnologytomatchthepronunciationswithfacialmovementssothatXin’sexpressionsvaryaccordingtothecontentofthenewsreport.Infact,Xin’sexpressionsdon’talwayschangeaccordingtothecontent.Asaresult,herexpressionslookanythingbuthuman.Actually,AIisstillnomatchforhumanqualities.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。
上周日,新华社新闻主播辛晓萌成为世界上第一位女性人工智能新闻主播。
本文介绍了人工智能背后的技术,并指出在不久的将来,人工智能新闻主播不会取代人类新闻主播。
5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reluctant”inthefirstparagraphmean?
A.Delighted.B.Unwilling.
C.Confused.D.Optimistic.
答案 B
解析 词义猜测题。
根据第一段内容及第二段最后一句可知,担心将来自己的工作会被人工智能取代的新闻主播一定不愿意读出下面这个消息:
上周日,新华社新闻主播辛晓萌成为世界上第一位女性人工智能新闻主播,由此可知画线词意为“不愿意的,不情愿的”。
故B项正确。
6.Whatcanweinferaboutpreviousnewsrobots?
A.Theyreadnewswithoutexpressions.
B.Theylookedlikeahumanbeing.
C.Theycouldinterviewsportsstars.
D.Theycouldinteractwithaudience.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。
根据第二段前两句可知,与以前的机器人主播不同的是,辛晓萌读起新闻来不像一台冷冰冰的机器,就像是一个活生生的人,她读新闻的时候脸上的肌肉能够伸展和放松,面部反应也发生了变化,由此可知,以前的机器人主播读新闻时面无表情。
故A项正确。
7.Whatdoweknowaboutthethirdtechnology?
A.Thistechnologyisveryperfectsofar.
B.Thistechnologyisquitepopularnow.
C.Thistechnologyremainsatthetheoreticalstage.
D.Thistechnologyisfarfrommature.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。
根据最后一段第二、三、四句可知,真正的难点在于第三技术,使辛晓萌的面部表情根据新闻报道的内容而变化,事实上,辛晓萌的表情不总是随着内容而变化,她的表情一点也不像人类,由此可知,第三技术还远远不够成熟。
故D项正确。
8.Fromthelastparagraph,wecandrawaconclusionthat.
A.humannewsanchorsshouldlearnfromAIanchorstosavetheirjobs
B.AIanchorsperformmuchbetterthanhumannewsanchorsatpresent
C.AInewsanchorswon’treplacehumannewsanchorsinthenearfuture
D.XinXiaomeng’sexpressionsvarysonaturallythattheyaretruetolife
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。
根据最后一段中的“Actually,AIisstillnomatchforhumanqualities.”可知,人工智能仍无法与人类相匹敌,由此可知,在不久的将来,人工智能新闻主播不会取代人类新闻主播,故C项正确。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2019·湖南衡阳第3次联考)
话题:
避免拖延
词数:
327
难度:
★★
Thesummerbeforetheninthgrade,procrastination(拖延)affectedmylifeinadeepway.Withonlyafewdaysuntilthestartofschool,Ihad9justoneofthreehomeworktaskswewere10.Insteadofenjoyingmylastfewmomentsof11,Ispentthattimedoinghomework,whichwasan12waytoendthevacation.
Puttingin100percent13,Ialwaysstartedwithstrong14atthebeginningofeachschoolyear.15Istruggledtomaintainthatenergyastheweekspassed.
Onenight,myfatherandIwerehavinga16aboutcollege.Hetoldme,“Itdoesn’t17muchwhetheryougetintoanIvyLeagueUniversityorjusta(n)18college—whatmattersishowyougetthereandwhatyoudoto19it”.Thisreallyspoketome,becauseitmademefocusmoreonthe20ofmyworkratherthanthequantity.
Thankstothatconversation,I21thewayIwentthroughlife.Istartedto22thattryingmy23bestisathousandtimesbetterthansimplydoingsomethingtogetitdone.
Myeffortbeganto24inmyfirstyearofhighschool.Ihadnever25thatmygradesinsomeharderclassescouldbebetterthanthoseintheeasieronesItooklastyear.
NowIwouldratherworkhardforsomethingandenjoythe26ofsuccess,thannottryatallorgiveuphalfway.Motivationcan27becomeahabitifyourepeata(n)28thathelpsyouavoidprocrastination.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了我在学习上很爱拖延,爸爸与我的一次谈话改变了我,也让我认识到如果你重复一种有助于避免拖延的常规,动力很容易成为一种习惯。
9.A.finishedB.shared
C.quittedD.repeated
答案 A
解析 finish完成;share分享;quit放弃;repeat重复。
根据本空前的“procrastination(拖延)affectedmylifeinadeepway”可知,受拖延的影响,离开学只有几天的时候我只完成了布置的三项作业中的一项,故A项正确。
10.A.passedB.arranged
C.designedD.showed
答案 B
解析 pass传递;arrange布置;design设计;show展示。
根据常识可知,老师布置假期作业,故B项正确。
11.A.prideB.freedom
C.silenceD.surprise
答案 B
解析 pride骄傲;freedom自由;silence沉默;surprise惊讶。
上文说还有几天就开学了,可是我还有很多作业没有写,所以我放弃了享受假期最后的自由时光,开始补作业,故B项正确。
12.A.unpleasantB.enjoyable
C.valuableD.confusing
答案 A
解析 unpleasant不愉快的;enjoyable快乐的;valuable有价值的;confusing令人困惑的。
因为补作业而不能享受假期最后几天的自由时光是一件不愉快的事情,故A项正确。
13.A.trustB.fund
C.effortD.knowledge
答案 C
解析 trust信任;fund资金;effort努力;knowledge知识。
根据本空后的“Ialwaysstartedwithstrongatthebeginningofeachschoolyear.”可知,在每个学年的开始,我总是以百分之百的努力和强大的动力开始,故C项正确。
14.A.curiosityB.misunderstanding
C.fearD.motivation
答案 D
解析 curiosity好奇心;misunderstanding误解;fear害怕;motivation动力。
根据上文可知,我总是以百分之百的努力和强大的动力开始每个学年,故D项正确。
15.A.OtherwiseB.However
C.ThereforeD.Besides
答案 B
解析 otherwise否则;however然而;therefore因此;besides况且。
根据本空后的“Istruggledtomaintainthatenergyastheweekspassed.”可知,然而,几周后我就很难保持那种劲头,故B项正确。
16.A.conversationB.quarrel
C.discussionD.break
答案 A
解析 conversation谈话;quarrel争吵;discussion讨论;break休息