人教版高中英语选修7天台县育青中学Unit4SharingGrammar 定语从句复习.docx
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人教版高中英语选修7天台县育青中学Unit4SharingGrammar定语从句复习
Grammar定语从句复习
一、关系代词的基本用法
（1）that的用法
即指人也指物，作主语，宾语。
在定语从句中，作______________可以省略。
①Sheisthegirlthatyouwanttoknow.（宾语，指人）
②Doyoulikethebookthatyouborrowedyesterday?
（__________,________）
③Thisisthefactorythatproducescars.（_________,_________）
（2）which的用法
指物，作主语，宾语，作___________可以省略。
①ThesouthernGreatWallisaplacewhichisfamous.（__________,________）
②Thebuildingwhichtheyarebuildingwillbefinishednextweek.（__________,________）
（3）who的用法
指人，作主语，宾语，作宾语可以省略。
Myfriendisateacherwhoiswise.
（4）whom的用法
指人，作宾语，可以省略，还可以用who和that代替。
LindaisthestudentwhomIgavethebook.
（5）whose的用法
即指人也指物，作定语，指人相当于ofwhom;指物相当于ofwhich.
BillGatesisabusinessmanwhosewealthranksfirstintheworld.
①I’mpaintingahouse,theroof_____________isround.
=I’mpaintingahousewhoseroofisround.
②Theyliveinahouse,__________windowsfacesouth.
=Theyliveinahouse,thewindows___________facesouth.
（6）as的用法
1）即指人也指物，作主语，宾语。
常用在thesame…as…;such…as…;as…as…；asweallknow,……句型中。
2）as翻译为“正如”,可以指代整个句子，放在句首和句中。
①Iwanttohavesuchacomputerashehas.
②I’llbuythesamedictionaryasyouhave.
③YaoMing,asyouknow,isanexcellentbasketballplayer.
④AllenhasmademuchprogressinEnglish,as/whichdelightedus.
练习：
who/whom/that/which/whose/as
1.Theearthquake_______________hitthecityin1906wasthebiggestinAmericanhistory.
2.Wedon’tknowthenumberofpeople______________losttheirhomesin1906earthquake
3.Thehouse________________theybuiltin1987stayedupintheearthquake.
4.Theboywantedtohavethesamebooks_______________shehad.
5.Luckilynoneofthepeople______________Iknowwerekilledintheearthquake.
6.Harryistheboy_____________motherisourteacher.
二、关系副词的用法
关系副词
功能
时间
when（at/in/onwhich）
时间状语
地点
where（in/atwhich）
地点状语
原因
why（forwhich）
原因状语
即使先行词是时间地点原因, 若作从句中的宾语，只能用关系代词that,which.
而when,where,why在定语从句中作状语。
①October1,1949istheday_____________Chinaisfounded.
②October1,1949istheday___________wewillneverforget.
③Thiswasthevillage_______________wefirstmeet.
④Hegottothevillage_____________hisfatheroncevisited.
⑤Idon’tknowthereason______________hewasrefused.
⑥Ididn’tacceptthereason______________heexplained.
⑦Iliketoliveinthevillage___________thereisplentyoffreshair.
⑧Thiswasthevillage_____________wefirstreached.
三、由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
结构是：
指物“介词+which”；指人“介词+whom”
1.介词来源
A.与先行词的搭配关系
onwhich;duringwhich;inwhich;bywhich;atwhich
1）Iwillneverforgettheday_____________Ijoinedthearmy.
2）Iwillneverforgetthedays____________Iworkedintheschool.
3）Iwillneverforgettheyear____________mysonwenttocollege.
4）Igothomeat7:
00p.m.yesterday,____________mostpeoplehadfinishedsupper.
5）Igothomeat7:
00p.m.yesterday,____________mostpeoplewerehavingsupper.
B.与定语从句谓语动词的搭配
1）Haveyoufoundthebook____________Ipaid29USdollars?
2）Haveyoufoundthebook_____________Ispent29USdollars?
3）Haveyoufoundthebook_____________welearntalot?
4）Haveyoufoundthebook____________sheoftentalks?
2.介词的位置
1）Thechaironwhichsheissittingismadeofwood.
Thechair（which/that）sheissittingonismadeofwood.
2）Isthisthebookwhichyouarelookingfor?
介词for不能与look分开。
常用的不可拆开的动词习语有：
carefor喜欢、关心dealwith处理、对付、处置、论述
getthrough渡过难关hearfrom／of／about收到某人的来信／听说
lookfor／after寻找／照顾sendfor派人去请seeto照顾、料理
3.注意点
Iboughtacaryesterdaythecolorofwhichiswhite.
=Iboughtacaryesterdayofwhichthecoloriswhite.
=Iboughtacaryesterday___________coloriswhite.
练习：
用介词＋关系代词填空
1Theboywasstayingintheroom_________________windowhecouldclimbdown.
2.He’stheman____________Ilearntthenews.
3.Who’sthecomrade____________youjustshookhands.
4.Thereare52studentsinourclass,___________nearly40areLeaguemembers.
5.Theoldmanalwayswearshisglasses_______________hecan’tseeanything.
6.Thekey____________shewasopeningthedoorbroke.
7.Thelibrary___________weoftengoonSundaysisnotfarfromourschool.
8.Nooneknewthereason_____________shewasleavingsoearly.
四、定语从句注意点
注意：
1.在下列情况下,用that而不用which。
A.当先行词有“人”又有“物”时
Theyaretalkingaboutthefactory，theleadersandtheworkers________theyvisitedyesterday.
B.先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,等不定代词时。
Don’tthrowawayanything___________maybeofuse.
I’lldoall____________Icantohelpyou.
C.先行词为序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
Thisisthefirststep_____________weshouldtake.
Thisisthemostinterestingfilm_____________I’veeverseen.
D.先行词被thevery,theonly，any,all,every,no,some,little,much等修饰词修饰时.
Maryistheonlygirl____________likesplayingfootball.
Youaretheveryman___________candothejobwell.
I’vereadallthebooks_____________areaboutthismatter.
E.当主句为who或which引导的特殊疑问句时
Whoisthegirl___________istalkingwithyourteacher?
Whichisthepencil___________youusedjustnow?
注意：
2.在下列情况下,用which而不用that
A.介词后
Thisisthebook__________shedescribedhismiserablelife.
B.非限制性定语从句
Theweatherturnedouttobefine,____________wasasurprise.
Iwon’ttellthemthenews,_____________makesthemunhappy.
注意：
3.在下列情况下,用who而不用that
1.those/anyone/one/ones指人
Those______daretobreaktheschoolruleswillbepunished.
2. therebe结构，主语是人
Thereisayoungman___________wantstoseeyouattheschoolgate.
注意：
4.主谓一致
1.Thosewho_________togotothecinemamustbeattheschoolgateby3:
30p.m.（want）
2.Hewho_____________thegreatwallisnotatrueman.（notreach）
3.Sheistheonlyoneofthegirlswho___________beentoBeijing.（have）
4.Heisoneoftheboyswho___________seenthefilm.（have）
5.I,who_____________yourfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyou.（be）
注意：
5.that在定语从句中做宾语可以省略。
1.Thestoryhetoldwasinteresting.
2.Thebooksheboughtitformeiswonderful.
注意６:
★避免关系词的重复，被关系代词所代替的部分不可在从句中复现
Thefactorywhereheworksthereisalargeone．
ThisisthefactorywhichwevisiteditlastSunday.
注意７:
特殊先行词
★theway在定语从句中状语时，that/inwhich/
★situation,position----inwhich;where
Idon’tliketheway______hetreatedhisparents.
注意8:
定语从句和并列句的区别
1.Ihavemanyfriends，someof___________arebusinessmen．（定语从句）
2.Ihavemanyfriends，of_____________somearebusinessmen．（_____________）
3.Ihavemanyfriends；someof__________arebusinessmen．（______________）
4.Ihavemanyfriends，andsomeof___________arebusinessmen.（____________）
5.MrLihasthreedaughters,noneof______________isanengineer.（____________）
6.MrLihasthreedaughters,butnoneof______________isanengineer.（____________）
A.thatB.whomC.whichD.them
注意9：
定语从句与同位语从句的区别
1.Thenews____________hewouldcomemadeusexcited.
2.Thenews____________hetoldusmadeusexcited.
3.Weexpressedthehope___________theyhadexpressed.
4.Weexpressedthehope___________theywouldcometoChinaagain.
注意10：
定语从句与强调句
1.ItisonthemorningofMay1st___________ImetJohnattheairport.
2.ItisthemorningofMay1st___________ImetJohnattheairport.
3.Itisinthefactory____________Johnworks.
4.Itisthefactory____________Johnworks.
注意11：
定语从句与地点状语从句
1.Helefttheplace_________________helivedformanyyears.（____________）
2.Thevisitoraskedtheguidetotakehispicture_________standsthefamoustower.（________）
注意12：
定语从句与单句
1.Themothertoldthelazyboytowork,___________didn’thelp.
2.Themothertoldthelazyboytowork.___________didn’thelp.
注意13：
定语从句与习惯用语
1.Itisthefirsttime_____________shehasbeeninshanghai.
2.Itwasthetime____________Chinesepeoplehadahardlife.
五、定语从句常见错误
1.缺先行词
Isthisschoolthatyouvisitedlastyear?
2.缺引导词
Childreneatalotofsugaroftenhavebadteeth.
3.成分重复
ThisisthevillagethatIlivedinityearsago.
IstillrememberthedayonwhenIfirstcametoBeijing.
SomeoftheboysIinvitedthemdidn’tcome.
4.谓语单复数确定不当
HeistheonlyoneofthestudentswhoknowFrench.
Thosewhohasfinishedmaygohome.
Thisisoneoftheroomsthatisfreenow.
Anyonewhobreaktheruleswillbepublished.
5.关系代词不当
ThisisthegirlfromwhichIlearnedthenews.
Istillrememberthedaywhenwespenttogether.
一、改错
1.Themanjustsaidhellotomeismychemistryteacher.
2.Whoisthecomradeyoujustshookhandswithhim?
3.Egyptisacountrywhereisfamousforitspyramids.
4.ThisisthebestdictionarywhichIhaveeverused.
5.Thehousethatourcompanybuiltitin1970stayedupintheearthquake.
二、关系代词和关系副词的区别
1.Istillremembertheday________________wespentintheforest.
2.Istillremembertheday_______________IfirstcametoBeijing.
3.Thefactory_____________wewillvisitislarge.
4.Thefactory____________hisfatherworksislarge.
5.Thereason____________hesucceededwasthathewasdiligent.
6.Thereason______________heexplainedforhissuccesswasthathewasdiligent.
三、填相应的关系代词或关系副词：
1.Isthistheschool_____________youvisitedlastyear?
Isthisschool_________________youvisitedlastyear?
2.Heisoneofthestudentswho_________goodatmaths.（be）
Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_________goodatmaths.（be）
3.Thegirl__________Ithinkwashonestliedtome.
Thegirl__________Ithinktobehonestliedtome.
4.TheradioIboughtyesterdayisquitedifferentfrom__________youboughtlastmonth.
TheradioIboughtyesterdayisquitedifferentfrom___________youboughtlastmonth.
5.Doyoustillrememberthehotel___________welivedlastsummerholiday?
Doyou
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