届浦东中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案.docx

届浦东中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案.docx

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届浦东中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案

2020届浦东中学高三英语一模试题及参考答案

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

A

Eachyear,theLasVegasconsumerelectronicsshow,orCES,presentsthelatestdevelopmentsinmanyareasoftechnology.Thenewestproductsaredesignedtomakeourliveseasier,funandmoreproductive.

Acarwithlegs

Oneofthisyear’spresentationswasbySouthKoreancarmakerHyun-dai.Thecompanyintroducedasmallmodelofa“walkingcar,”whichiscalledElevate.Ithasfourmovablelegsthatcanraisethemainpartofthevehiclehighofftheground.Theelectric-poweredvehicleisdesignedtobeusedinsearch-and-rescueoperationsduringemergenciesornaturaldisasters.

Changeablepeoplemover

Germany'sMercedespresentedanexperimentalself-drivingvehiclethatitclaimscanrevolutionizetransportationforpeopleandgoods.Thecompanysaysthevehicle,calledVisionUrbanetic,willbeableloeasilychangebodiesdependingonitsdesireduse.Mercedessaysasaride-sharingvehicle,thefuturistic-lookingcarcanseat12people.

FullyelectricHarley

AmericanmanufacturerHarley-Davidsonshowedoffitsfirstfullyelectricmotorcycle,calledLiveWire.Thecompanysaysthebikewillbeabletogo177kilometersbetweencharges.Itcanreach96kilometersperhourinunder3.5seconds.AlthoughHarleyisknownforbuildingpowerfulbikeswithhuge,loudmotors,theLiveWirewillbeunusuallyquiet.

Personalrobots

Oneofthenewrobots,calledTemi,isreallyjustacomputertabletonwheels.Itisdesignedtobeapersonalelectronicassistant.Itmovesaroundthehomeandperformscommandswhenspokento.Itcanlinkuserstofriendsthroughvoiceorvideo,connecttovideoorplaceordersforfoodorgoods.

1.Whichdoyouprobablyusetosearchfortheinjuredinanearthquake?

A.Elevate.B.VisionUrbanetic.C.LiveWire.D.Temi.

2.WhatisthefirstfullyelectricmotorcycleproducedbyHarley-Davidson?

A.ElevateB.Hyun-daiC.LiveWire.D.Temi.

3.Whyarethefourproductsdesigned?

A.Toeasetrafficjam.B.Tohelpussocialize.

C.Toimproveourlife.D.Toprotecttheenvironment.

B

FromskateboardingtoFleetwoodMac,TikTokusersgotcreativeinapandemic（流行病）yearwithnewsongs,dancesandshowsin60secondsorless.

ThesocialmediavideoapponWednesdayshareditslistoftop100videos,creatorsandtrendsinAmericaduring2020.“ThesevideosbroughtjoyandinspirationtomillionsofAmericansintheroughyear,”saidKudziChikumbu,directorofcreatorcommunityatTikTok.

TheplatformhasbeenwidelyassociatedwithGenerationZ（peoplebornafter1996）,millennials（peopleborninthe1980sor1990s）andinfluencerswhohavestartedcareersbasedonthesharedvideos.

TheWeeknd'sBlindingLightsandJasonDerulo'sSavageLoveinspiredTikTokdancechallengesthatmadethemamongthetopsongsusedontheapp.

ForsomeTikTokcreators,thepandemicitselfbecameinspirationtocreateaconnectionwithotherusers.ComedianCaitlinReillyusedtheappduringquarantine（隔离）tomakefunofthoseannoyingcoworkersforoneofthetoplikedvideos.AndsingerCurtisRoachmadeansongfortheendlessdaysathomewithhissongBoredintheHouse.

ThesecondmostpopularvideowasanIdahomannamedNathanApodacawhoshottofameaftercoollysingingDreamsbyFleetwoodMac,whileskateboardingonahighway.

ButthemostlikedTikTokvideowasawardedtoBellaPoarchwith45millionfollowers,whocreatedasimplebutinterestingvideowithafewsecondsofwell-timedheadnodsandeyerolls.

Whiletheappmightbedesignedforyouth,ChikumbusaidthatthegrowthofTikTokthisyearhaspusheditmoreintomainstreamculture.“You'reseeingeveryonefromtheteenagertothecollegestudentswiththeirparentsandthentheirgrandparentsallmakingvideos,”saidChikumbu.“AndnowTikToktrulytranscendsgenerations,particularlyinthisyearwhenpeoplehadalotoftimetodiginandnotonlywatch,buttry.”

4.WhatdoweknowaboutTheWeeknd?

A.HecreatedthefamoussongDreams.

B.Hestartedacareerbasedonsharedvideos.

C.HeisprobablyapopularsingeronTikTok.

D.HeorganizedtheTikTokdancechallenges.

5.WhatdidCurtisRoachthinkofhislifeduringquarantine?

A.Meaningful.B.Peaceful.

C.Content.D.Uninteresting.

6.ThemostpopularTikTokvideoin2020wascreatedby______.

A.CaitlinReillyB.CurtisRoach

C.NathanApodacaD.BellaPoarch

7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“transcends”inthelastparagraphmean?

A.Makesuseof.B.Goesbeyond.

C.Callson.D.Takeschargeof.

C

Aseverymobile-phoneownerknows,afterayearorsothebatterystartstofadeandthebeastneedsrechargingmorefrequently.Thatistroublesome,butaphone’sbatteriescanbereplacedfairlycheaply—orthewholedevicetradedinforthelatestmodel.Anelectriccar,though,isamuchbiggerinvestment.Andbatteriesareitspriciestcomponent,representingaround30%ofanaveragemid-sizevehicle.

Toprovidebuyerswithsomepeaceofmind,carmakersguaranteetheirbatteries,typicallyforeightyearsoraround200,000km.Producers,planningtogomuchfurtherthanthat,though,areracingtolaunch“millionmile”（1.6mkilometers）batteries.ContemporaryAmperexTechnology,agiantChinesefirmwhichproducesbatteriesforanumberofcarmakers,wassaidtobereadytostartproducingbatterieswhichwouldlastfor16yearsor2mkilometres.ElonMuskhassuggestedthatTesla,aCalifornianmakerofelectricvehicles,hasamillion-milebatteryintheworks.AndoverinDetroit,GeneralMotorsisinthefinalstagesofdevelopinganadvancedbatterywhichitsayshassimilarlongevity（寿命）。

Regularfast-chargingreducesbatterylife,asdoovercharginganddeepdischarging.Drivinginextremelyhotorcoldweatherdoesnothelpeither.Andbatterylifewilldiminishevenifyoujustleavethecarinthegarage.Therealpointofamillion-milebatteryisthatthetechnologicaladvancesrequiredtomakeitpossiblewilldealwiththesethingsaswell.

Batterytechnologyisimprovingallthetime,andbynomeansaremillion-milebatteriesthelimitofengineers’ambition.ThenextobjectiveistoreplaceLi-ions’liquidelectrolytes（电解质）withsolidones.Thatwouldallowevenlongerdrivingranges,whichcouldmakeatwo-million-milebatteryanachievableobjective.Ifthatdaycomes,thetableswouldhavebeenturned.Frombeingthefirstpartofacartofail,itsbatterywillhavebecomethelast.

8.Thebatteryproblemofmobilephonesismentionedto_____.

A.showelectricaldevicesmayhavedrawbacks

B.stressthedisturbingbatteryproblemofcars

C.callforinvestmentinbatterydevelopment

D.comparethefunctionofbatteryindevices

9.Whatdoweknowaboutthemillion-milebatteryplan?

A.Itiseagerlyanticipatedbycarconsumers.

B.Itisaimedtosaverepaircostforcustomers.

C.Ittargetsthelongevityof8yearsandabove.

D.Ithasdrawntheinterestofmanyenterprises.

10.Whatdoestheauthorthinkisthefocusofdevelopingthemillion-milebattery?

A.Exploringnewmaterialstoconstructbatteries.

B.Guidingusersonhowtomaintainthebattery.

C.Addressingfactorsthatdecreasebatterylife.

D.Researchingtheprincipleofbatteringaging.

11.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthefutureofcarbatteries?

A.Promising.

B.Unpredictable.

C.Concerning.

D.Unlimited.

D

Yourbestfriendthatfollowsyouaroundwhenthesuncomesout-yourshadow-doesn’tserveanimportantfunctionlikeyourheartorbrain,butwhatifyoucoulduseshadowstocreateelectricity?

Whenusingsolarpanels（电池板）thatarepoweredbylight,shadowscanbeboringbecauseitmeanselectricitycan’tbecreated.However,researchersfromtheNationalUniversityofSingaporehaveengineeredawaytocreatepowerfromtheshadowspresenteverywhere.

Ateamoftheuniversitycreatedamachinethatcancollectenergyfromshadows.Itiscreatedbyplacingathincoatingofgoldontosilicon（硅）.Likeinanormalsolarpanel,whenputinlight,thesiliconelectrons（电子）becomeenergizedandtheenergizedelectronsthenjumpfromthesilicontothegold.Thevoltage（电压）ofthepartofthemachinethatisplacedinthelightincreasestothedarkpartandtheelectronsinthemachineflowfromhightolowvoltage.Theyaresentthroughanexternalcircuit（外电路）creatingacurrentthatcanbeusedtopoweranothermachine.Thegreaterthecontrastbetweenlightanddark,moreenergyisprovidedbythemachine.

Theteamisworkingonimprovingtheperformanceofthemachine,borrowingapproachesfromsolarpanelstogatherlight.Increasingtheamountoflightthemachinescanreceiveallowsthemtobettermakeuseofshadows,aswellasdevelopingshadowenergycollectingpanelsthatcansuccessfullygatherfromindoorlighting.Theteamisalsoresearchingtheuseofothermaterialsotherthangoldtodropthepriceofthemachine,meaningtheywouldbemorecosteffectiveandeasiertoapplyinsociety.

Shadowsarepresenteverywhereandperhapsonedayinthefuturewewillbeabletocollectenergyfromthembyplacingtheshadow-effectenergymachinearoundtheworldinplacesthathavebeenconsideredunfitforsolarpanelstowork,orindoors.“Alotofpeoplethinkthatshadowsareuseless,”Tansays,but“anythingcanbeuseful,evenshadows.”

12.WhatisParagraph1mainlyabout?

A.Yourbestfriendalwaysstayswithyouafterthesunrise.

B.Theshadowhasthesamefunctionastheheartandbrain.

C.Shadowscanstopsolarpanelsfromcreatingelectricity.

D.Researchershavefoundawaytocreatepowerfromshadows.

13.Whatisthekeyworkingprincipleofthemachinementionedinthetext?

A.Thesiliconproduceselectricitywhenitisinthelight.

B.Thegold