高考英语常用介词短语和固定搭配.docx
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高考英语常用介词短语和固定搭配
高考英语常用介词短语和固定搭配
一.相近介词和介词短语
在~~帮助下
undertheleadership/careof在~~领导/关心下
.对~人要求严格
bestrictinsth.对~事要求严格
=atthepresenttime目前
forthepresent暂时
sunshine在阳光下
underthesun在世界上
位于~~之内
lieon同~~接壤
lieto位于~~之外
至少
intheleast丝毫,一点
名叫
inthenameof以~~名义
空中,在流传
ontheair播出
挡路,障碍,用~~方法
inaway在某点上,在某种程度上
getone’sownwaytodo随心所欲
giveway让步,屈服
loseone’sway迷路
bytheway顺便说一下
onone’swayto在去~~的路上
Comethisway这边走
在拐角处(外角)
inthecorner在角落里(内角)
onthecorner在角落上(外角上)
from根据~~来判断
judgeforoneself由某人自己来判断
(of)在~~结束时
atthebeginningof在~~开始时
atthebackof在~~背后,支持
attheageof~~岁时
atthefootof在~~脚下
atthebottomof在~~底部
atthetopof在~~顶上
at/ontheedgeof在~~边上
在~~过程中
intheeyesof从~~观点看来,在~~眼里
inthefaceof面对~~,尽管,纵使
inthemiddleof在~~中间
intheend=atlast=finally最后
在~~前夕
onthesideof在~~一边
=aftersometime过一段时间后
foratime=forsometime一时,有一段时间
迟到,过期
behindthetimes落在时代后面
决不
innotime立即,马上
=oncetime曾经
atatime=eachtime每次
attimes=sometimes有时
atalltimes经常,一直,始终
atthesametime同时
atthetime在~~的时候
bythetime到~~的时候
一会儿
forthemoment暂时
atthemoment当时
themoment/minute/instance正当~~一刹那
一两次
morethanonce不止一次
oncemore重新,又
onceuponatime从前
onceinawhile偶尔
二.归类记忆
display/play/sale/strike/duty/trial
importance/use/nouse/color/age/size/height/weight/significance
’sjoy/surprise/pleasure/astonishment/sorrow/delight
wonder/alarm/terror/horror/delight
bicycle/boat/bus/car/letter/post/plane/telephone/train/wire
sunrise/dawn/noon/dark/night
control/question/sight
reality/substance/nature/practice/theory/short/brief/aword/detail/all/average/full/time/fashion/existence/turn/vain/haste/appearance/common/sum/
general/particular/public/secret/order/part/power/stock/case/bed/future/name/addition/sight
shift/holiday/leave/business/purpose/time/sale/show/board/hand/record/request/root/earth/farm/principle
instance/all/good/nothing/convenience/short/fear/sale
(volumesizenumber~~)/profession/definition/rule/turn/chance/accident/
mistake/hand/train(bus,taxi,ship,boat~~)/air/land/force/day/nature/sight
least/best/worst/once/first/last/home/school/will(atwill:
任意)/work/
night/midnight/daybreak/dawn/present/length/large
below/following/over/usual/before/amatteroffact
measure/normal
long/time/now/then
class/school
order/condition/use/operation/step/joint/repair/gear/balance/range/
doubt/date/danger/hand/shape/place/question/stock/
interest/difficulty/ease/advantage/effect/reason/vigor/reserve/success/confidence
conception/description/expression/doubt/control/reach/power/measure/grasp/compare/controversy/dispute/hope/example
discussion/test/way/repair
三.组合记忆
(1)由两个词组成的复合介词.
1.以of结尾
aheadof,asideof,becauseof,eastof,westof,insteadof,shortof,lackof,regardlessof
2.以to结尾
accordingto,asto,counterto,dueto,owingto,nextto,previousto,priorto,apostleto,
relativeto,subjectto,subsequentto,onto,thanksto
3.以with结尾
alongwith,togetherwith
4.以for结尾
asfor,butfor,exceptfor,savefor
5.以from结尾
fromabove,frombelow,fromamong,frombetween,frombeneath,frombehind,
fromover
(2)由三个词组成的复合介词.
1.以in开头
inadditionto,inadvanceof,inagreementwith,incaseof,inchargeof,incomparisonwith
inconsequenceof,inconsiderationof,in(the)courseof,incontrastwith,inthefaceof,
infavorof,infrontof,inhonorof,in(the)lightof,inthemiddleof,inthenameof,
inneedof,inobedienceto,inoppositionto,inplaceof,inpreferenceto,in(the)processof
inregardto,inreplyto,inrespectof
2.以by开头
bymeansof,byorderof,byreasonof,byvirtueof,bywayof
3.以at开头
atthebeginningof,atthecostof,attheendof,atthehandsof,atmercyof,atthepointof,
attheriskof
4.以with开头
withaneyeto,withtheexceptionof,withthepurposeof,withreferenceto,withregardto,
withrespectto,withaviewto,withtheviewof
5.以for开头
forthebenefitof,forfearof,forlackof,forthegoodof,forthesakeof
6.以under开头
undercoverof,underpainof,underthepresentof
7.以on开头
onaccountof,onbehalfof,ontheoccasionof,onthepartof,onthepointof,ontopof
四.省略介词,意义不变
(in)thepleasurewithhim.
(in)readingthearticle.
’llwrite(to)youaletter.
(on)thepianoeveryevening.
(through)China.
(against)theirenemy.
(in)theblanksinthefollowing.
(to/on)thesouth.
(at)herchildyesterday.
(of)nousetalking.
(in)talking.
’tpreventthem(from)gettingmarried.
(in)preparingfortheexam.
(for)tenyears.
’tfit(for)me.
(in).
(off)thishabit.
(in)mytroublesaswellas(in)myjobs.
五.动词词组及短语
1.以break为中心的词组
breakawayfrom脱离,逃离
breakdown破坏,粉碎;瓦解;出故障,抛锚
breakin闯进,打断;使顺服
breakinto闯入;强行进入;突然开始
breakout爆发,发生;准备使用;起锚
breakthelaw违反法律
breaktherecord破记录
breakone’spromise失言
breakup开垦,破碎;解散,分开,分解
2.以catch为中心的词组
becaughtdoing被发现做某事
becaughtintherain淋雨
catchabus/train赶汽车/火车
catchacold伤风,感冒
catchone’sword听懂某人的话
catchsightof发现,瞥见
catchupwith赶上,追及,追上
3.以come为中心的词组
comeacross偶尔发现,想起;越过;偿付
comealong一道来,陪伴;进步,进展;出现
comeat达到,求得,得到;扑向,袭击
comeback回来;恢复,复原
comedown倒下;降落;跌落;病倒
comefrom来自,起源于,从~~产生,生于
comein进来,进入;流行起来;获名次
comeintobeing发生,产生,出现,形成
comeintopower开始执政,当权,当选
comeintouse开始使用,获得应用
comeon上演;开始;赶快;发展;登台;(问题)被提出
comeout出来,传出;出版;结果是;褪色;(秘密)泄露
cometo苏醒,复原;共计;达到;归结于
cometoanend终止,结束
cometoknow开始了解到
cometrue实现,成为现实;证实
comeup走近;上楼;长出,发芽
4.以do为中心的词组
bedonein精疲力竭
bedonewith完全结束
doagooddeed做一件好事
doawaywith去掉,废除;弄死;浪费
dogoodto(=有益于
doharmto(=有害于
doitswork有效,有作用
domuch极有用
dowrongto做错
doone’sbest尽某人最大努力
doone’shomework做作业
doone’sutmost尽力而为
doproud足以使~~骄傲
公平对待某人
dosomecleaning(V+ing,etc.)搞卫生
帮助某人
dowellin学得不错,干得漂亮
dowith和~~相处,忍受,处理
dowithout不需要,不用
dowonders创造奇迹
havemuchtodowith和~~很有关系
havenothingtodowith与~~无关
havesomethingtodowith和~~有关
indoingso=insodoing这时,在这种情况下
Thatwilldo.行了;够了
5.以get为中心的词组
getabout徘徊,走动,旅行;流传
getaboveoneself自视高傲
getaccustomedto习惯于,对~~习以为常
getacross度过,通过,横过;说服,使理解
getaheadof胜过,超过
getalong前进,进步;同意;离去
getalongwith与~~相处
getat发现,了解;掌握;攻击
getaway离开,逃脱
getback取回,回来;报复
getbehind落后;识破
getdown咽下;写下;使沮丧,使抑郁
getdownto认真对待,静下心来
getfamiliarwith熟悉
getholdof获得,取得
gethome到家
getin进入,陷入;牵涉
getoff送走;脱下(衣服);下车;动身
geton上车;穿上;进步,使前进;成功;相处
getuponwith进步;在~~方面获得成功
getone’shandin熟悉;习惯
getoutof由~~出来,从~~得出;避免;退休
getover越过;恢复,痊愈;克服;完成
getreadyfor为~~作准备
getridof除去,去掉;免除,摆脱
getthrough到达,完成,通过;及格
gettogether积聚,积累;商谈,取得一致意见
getup起床,起立;研究,钻研;致力于;安排,组织
getusedto习惯于
havegottodo不得不,必须
6.以give为中心的词组
begivento沉溺于,癖好
giveabout分配;传播
giveandtake相互迁就
giveaway赠送;牺牲;泄露;颁发
giveback归还
givecause给予~~的理由
giveearto侧耳倾听
giveforth发出,放出;发表
givein屈服,让步,投降
giveinto同意,接受;向~~让步
giveoff发出(烟,气味)
giveoneselfouttobe/as自称为
giveoneselfupto专心于;向~~自首
giveout分发,公布
giveplaceto让位于,被~~所替代
giveriseto引起,导致;使~~发生
通知某人
giveup放弃;停止
givewayto让步,退却;屈服于
7.以look为中心的词组
lookabout四下环顾;查看
lookafter照顾,看管
lookaround东张西望
lookat注视,着眼于
lookback回顾
lookfor寻找;期待,期望
lookdownon俯视;轻视
lookforwardto盼望,期待
lookinto窥视;调查;浏览
looklike看起来象
lookon旁观;面向
lookout向外看;注意;当心,堤防
lookover从上面看过去;检查
lookthrough透过~~看去;看穿;浏览
lookupto仰望,尊敬
8.以make为中心的词组
bemadefrom由~~原料制成
bemadeof由~~材料制成
bemadeupof由~~组成
makeafoolof愚弄,欺骗
makeamistake弄错
makeapointofdoing强调;认为~~重要;决心,坚持
makeadvantages/useof使用,利用
makeafter追求,追赶
makebelieve假装
makecertain确信,把~~弄清楚
makecontactwith接通,与~~接触,与~~联系
makefor去向,向~~前进;有利于
makefriendswith和~~交友
makeinto把~~制成,使~~转变为
makemuchof重视;理解;赏识
makeone’smindonsth.决定某事
makeone’sown当作自己的看待
makeoneselfathome随便,别拘束
makeout填写;开支票;理解;辨认
makethebestof尽量利用;极为重视
makeup弥补,修理;赔偿,补偿;起草;编造;化装
makeupto接近,巴结;向~~求爱
makewayfor为~~让路,让路于
onthemake急求成功;增加
9.以put为中心的词组
putaside把~~放在一边;搁置;排除
putaway把~~放好,把~~收拾;储藏;吃喝,吃掉
putback把~~放回原处;驳回
putdown放下;镇压;制止;记下;削减;降落
putforward提出;拨快;建议,推荐;提倡,倡议
put~~into把~~放入;插入;翻译成
putoff推迟,延期;消除;推脱,推辞
puton上演;穿上,带上
putone’sheartinto全神贯注,专心致志
putup举起,挂起;提名,推荐;陈列
putupwith忍受,容忍
10.以take为中心的词组
betakenaback吃惊
takeaseat就坐
takeashower淋浴,洗澡
takeaim瞄准,设立目标
takeaway拿走,减去;夺去
take~~bysurprise出奇制胜
takecareof当心,注意;照顾;提防;谨慎;处理,对付;负责
take~~for把~~当作
takeoff脱去,除去;离开;起飞;模仿;起程;致死;复制,作副本;减弱
takeoffice就职,上任
takeone’splace就坐,入坐
takeone’stemperature量体温
takepartin参与,参加
takeplace=happen发生,举行
taketheplaceof代替
takepridein以~~为荣,对~~骄傲
拉某人的胳膊
takeiteasy别着急,慢慢来
11.以turn为中心的词组
giveanewturnto对~~予以新的看法
inone’sturn轮到某人做某事
outofturn不按次序的,不合适宜的
takeone’sturntodo轮到做
turnablindeyeto对~~视而不见
turnagainst背叛,采取敌对态度
turnback折回,往回走
turndown折叠,翻下,驳回,拒绝考虑
turninto走进;变成,变为
turnto~~forhelp求助于
turnoff关上(自来水,电器开关);解雇,辞退;避开(问题);制造;生产
turnon打开(自来水,电器开关);反对;依靠,依赖,取决于
turnone’sattentionto把注意力转向
turnout培养;证明是;制成;实际情况是
turnouttobe原来是,证明是,结果是
turnoveranewleaf翻开新的一页,重新开始,改过自新
turn(a)round旋转,转过身来;改变意见;采取新政策
turnto变成;着手于
turnupsidedown颠倒过来,翻过来;使陷入混乱