全国中考山东省潍坊市中考英语试题解析版.docx

全国中考山东省潍坊市中考英语试题解析版.docx

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全国中考山东省潍坊市中考英语试题解析版

2020年潍坊市初中学业水平考试英语试题

一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

（）1.Thetwogirlsaremainlytalkingabout________.

A.theboyB.thelanguageC.theirfriendsD.theirhometowns

（）2.Thethreecharactersaremakingaconversationin________accordingtothepicture.

A.aschoolyardB.asupermarketC.alibraryD.acinema

（）3.Whentheysay"Agirlistasty"inBritain,itmeanssheis________.

A.kindB.smartC.prettyD.happy

【分析】本文是几个人在谈论某一种方言代表了的意思．

【解答】

（1）B．细节理解题．根据That'scool!

Whatotherthingsdoyouandyourfriendssay及Well，ifIsayHe'stasty'，doyouknowwhatitmeans，可知，两个人在谈论语言中某个词代表的意思．故选B．

（2）A．推理判断题．根据图片中显示ParkSchool，可知，这个对话场景是发生在跟学校有关的地方．结合所给选项，只有A选项符合．故选A．

（3）C．细节理解题．根据Well，ifIsayHe'stasty'，doyouknowwhatitmeans及Itmeanshe'sgood﹣looking，可知，"tasty"表示一个人很漂亮．故选C．

【点评】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案．最后再通读全文，核对答案．

B

Aneighborcalled911at11:

09a.m.afterseeingsmokecomingfromahouseinthe165blockof54thStreet'Southeast.

Themanwholivesinthehomewasabletogethisolderchildandthefamilydogoutofthehouseonfire.JustthenMonroepoliceofficersarrived.Thefathersaidhisyoungerchildwasstillontheupperlevelofthehousebuthedidn'tknowwhere.

Officersdidaquicksearchofthehousebutcouldn'tfindthegirl.Oneofthemclosedthedoortothemasterbedroom,wherethefirestarted,controllingitandslowingitsspread.Firefightersarrivedandaftersearchingtheclosetandnarrowbedsinanotherbedroom,onefirefighternoticedtheclosedtoyboxatthefootofthebed.

"Shewasn'tmakingsounds,"laterthefirefightersaidofthegirl,whoseexactagehedidn'tknow."Iopeneditupandsawher.Shewaslyinginthetoyboxjustballedup."

Firefightersgotthegirloutside,whereshewasexaminedbydoctorsandfoundtobefine.Thefirewasquicklyputout.Thepoliceofficerwhomanagedtoshutthemasterbedroomdoorwashighlypraised.Andthegirl'sfatherwassothankfultofirefighters.

（）4.Howdidthepoliceofficersknowachildwasstillmissing?

A.Theneighborcalled.

B.Thefathertoldthem.

C.Thefamilydogjumpedwildly.

D.Thechildwasmakingmuchnoise.

（）5.Whydidtheofficertrytoshutthemasterbedroomdoor?

A.Toprotectthetoybox.

B.Toslowthefire'sspreading.

C.Toclearthewayforfirefighters.

D.Tokeepfirefromenteringthemasterbedroom.

（）6.Wherewasthegirlfoundfinally?

A.InaclosetB.Insideatoybox.

C.Behindadoor.D.Underanarrowbed.

（）7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Calling911B.Ahouseonfire

C.SavingagirloutoffireD.Athankfulfather

【分析】文章主要讲了消防员救小女孩的事情．

【解答】（4）B细节理解题．根据段落2Thefathersaidhisyoungerchildwasstillontheupperlevelofthehousebuthedidn'tknowwhere．可知是孩子的爸爸告诉他们的，故答案为：

B．

（5）B细节理解题．根据段落3Oneofthemclosedthedoortothemasterbedroom，wherethefirestarted，controllingitandslowingitsspread．，可知是为了控制住火势，减缓了火势的蔓延，故答案为：

B．

（6）B细节理解题．根据段落4"Iopeneditupandsawher．Shewaslyinginthetoyboxjustballedup．"可知孩子躺在玩具箱里，故答案为：

B．

（7）C标题归纳题．根据段落5Firefightersgotthegirloutside，whereshewasexaminedbydoctorsandfoundtobefine，结合文章内容，可知文章主要讲了消防员救小女孩的事情，故答案为：

C．

【点评】首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意，结合排除法逐一选出答案．最后再通读全文，核对答案．

C

ShameemwasborninasmallvillageinPakistan.Inhervillage,itwasatraditiontokeepgirlsinsidetheirhomes.Theywerenotallowedtogetaneducation.

Fortunately,Shameem'suncle,auniversityteacher,wantedtogiveherachancetoseetheworld.HeofferedShameemachancetoattendschool.Soshebecametheonlygirlstudentinherclass.

However,Shameemstruggledtocompleteherschooling.Togetpermissionforcollege,shewentonthree-day-hungerstrike（抗议）.Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Shameemgotapositioninnon-profitorganization（非营利性组织）workingtohelpwomeninrural（农村的）areas.

There,shesawaPakistanthatshedidn'tknow.Untilthen,shethoughtshehadadifficultlife.Butthere,shesawwhatwomeninotherpartsofPakistanwereexperiencing.Somewomenhad11children,butnothingtofeedthem.Theywouldwalkthreehourseverydaytogetwater.

Shameemfoundthatthepositionwasmorethanjustajobforher.Shediscoveredherpower.Bysettinganexample,herexperiencecouldencouragemorepeopletounderstandtheimportanceofeducationandsendtheirdaughterstoschool.

Now,Shameemteachesinaruralschoolinherhometown."ThefirstdayIwalkedintotheschool,"shesaid,"IsawalltheselittleShameemsstaringatmewithdreamsintheireyes,thesamedreamoffreedomwhichIhadinmychildhood."

Today,thereisnotasinglegirlinhervillagewhodoesn'tgotoschool.

（）8.WhoplayedanimportantroleinsendingShameemtoschool?

A.Heruncle.B.Herparents.C.Aworkmate.D.Auniversitystudent.

（）9.WhydidShameemworkforanon-profitorganization?

A.Tomakemuchmoney.

B.Tofinishhereducation.

C.Todiscoverherpowerasanexample.

D.Tohelppoorwomeninthecountryside.

（）10.What'sthemainideaofParagraph4?

A.Shameemwalkedthreehourstogetwater.

B.Shameemusedtoknowherhomelandwell.

C.Womenandchildrenwereshortoffood.

D.Women'ssituationwasmoreawfulthanexpected.

（）11.What'stheinfluenceofShameem'seffort?

A.Girlshavethesamedream.

B.Nogirlisallowedtoattendschool.

C.AllgirlsintheschoolarenamedShameem.

D.Theideaofgirls'educationinhervillagehaschanged.

【分析】本文讲述了Shameem通过自己的经历和努力来告诉女人教育的重要性，并鼓励他们把孩子送去上学，她在家乡里教学时，看到了每个孩子眼神里渴望自由的梦想，现在在她的家乡，没有一个女孩是没去上学的．

【解答】（8）A．细节理解题．根据Shameem'suncle，auniversityteacher，wantedtogiveherachancetoseetheworld，可知，在Shameen上学这件事上，她的叔叔起到了重要的作用．故选A．

（9）D．细节理解题．根据Shameemgotapositioninnon﹣profitorganization（非营利性组织）workingtohelpwomeninrural（农村的）areas，可知，她在一个非营利组织工作是为了帮助农村的女人．故选D．

（10）D．主旨大意题．根据Untilthen，shethoughtshehadadifficultlife及Somewomenhad11children，butnothingtofeedthem．Theywouldwalkthreehourseverydaytogetwater，可知，她看到了某些女人有11个孩子，但是没有东西喂养他们，他们每天要走三个小时去取水，女人当时的情况比她想像的更严重，故选D．

（11）D．推理判断题．根据Today，thereisnotasinglegirlinhervillagewhodoesn'tgotoschool，可知，在Shameem的女里下，她家乡里的女孩教育情况都改变了，她们可以上学了．故选D．

【点评】完形填空题主要考查学生对词语的运用能力及对语境的理解能力，这类题同一小题的四个选项一般是同一词性．做题时要先通读短文，了解各题所在的语境，然后在理解各选项意思的基础上结合具体的上下文来选择最佳答案填空．

D

HowcanweprotecttheEarth?

Oneproblemtosolveisclimate（气候）change.Youmightwonderaboutclimatechange.Whatisit,exactly?

GasessurroundtheEarth.12Sunlightpassesdownthroughthegases.Thegasestrap（储存）thesun'sheatandactlikeblanket.Withoutthesegases,theEarthwouldbeverycold.Thetroublecomeswhenhumansaddtoomanygasestotheatmosphere.Thegasesbuilddupandtrapevenmoreheat.Thiscauseschangesinclimate.TheEarthbecomestoowarm.

13There'sanothergascausingclimatechange.Noonetalksaboutitasmuch.Itisnitrousoxide（氧化亚氮）.Manycallitlaughinggas.Dentistsmaygivepatientsnitrousoxidesotheywillnotfeelpain.Theatmospherehassmallamountsofnitrousoxide.Butnitrousoxidecanstayintheatmospheremorethan100yearswhichcanchangetheclimatealot.

Nitrousoxideformsnaturally.14Bacteriaarelivingorganisms（生物）madeofsinglecells.Farmersusenitrogenfertilizer（氮肥）tohelpgrowbiggercrops.Thebacteriainthesoiltakethenitrogenfromthefertilizerandmakemorenitrousoxidewithit.

Sohowcanwehelp?

"Numberoneistonotwastefood,"WagnerRiddle,ascientistfromCanada,said.15ThatnumbercomesfromaU.S.universitystudy."Thereisalotthatgoesintomakingfood",WagnerRiddlesays."Sothenifit'swasted,it'sfornothing."

根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填人文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。

A.That'sthereasonforclimatechange.

B.Itcomesfrombacteria（细菌）thatliveinthedirt.

C.Carbondioxide（二氧化碳）isonegasthattrapsheat.

D.Morethanone-thirdofallfoodcreatedintheU.S.iswasted.

E.Thesegasesreachhighintotheskyandarecalledtheatmosphere（大气层）.

【分析】短文讲了我们如何保护地球，详细地介绍了如何解决气候变化问题．

【解答】细节推理题．

（12）E．根据前后句"GasessurroundtheEarth…Sunlightpassesdownthroughthegases．"可知说的是地球周围的气体，结合选项，应说这些气体升到高空，被称为大气层．故选E．

（13）C．根据后句"There'sanothergascausingclimatechange．Noonetalksaboutitasmuch．Itisnitrousoxide（氧化亚氮）．"可知说的是不同的气体，结合选项，应说二氧化碳是一种吸收热量的气体．故选C．

（14）B．根据后句"Bacteriaarelivingorganisms（生物）madeofsinglecells．Farmersusenitrogenfertilizer（氮肥）tohelpgrowbiggercrops．"可知说的是一氧化二氮的形成，结合选项，应说它来自生活在泥土中的细菌．故选B．

（15）D．根据后句"ThatnumbercomesfromaU．S．universitystudy．"Thereisalotthatgoesintomakingfood"，WagnerRiddlesays．"Sothenifit'swasted，it'sfornothing"可知说的是浪费食物，结合选项，应说美国生产的食物中有超过三分之一被浪费了．故选D．

【点评】做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理地分析才能得出正确的答案．

二、语言知识运用（共20小题；满分25分）

A

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）

AgroupcalledNewStoryisworkingwithacompanycalledIcontoquicklybuildlotsofhousesforpoorpeopleinTabasco,Mexico.Thewaytheyarebuildingthehousesis16-by3D-printingtechnology.

NewStoryisagroup17workstobringcheapbutgoodhousestopeoplewhocan't18them.Thegrouphasbuiltover2,700housesinplaces19Bolivia,EISalvador,HaitiandMexico.Inthepast,NewStorybuilt20housesinanormalway.Butit21alongtime.That's22NewStorybegantoworkwithIcon.Iconhasdevelopedawaytobuildhouses23by3D-printingthemwithconcrete（混凝土）.SomeareaswhereNewStorywantstobuildhousessufferfromearthquakes,24Icon'shouseshavebeendesignedtoholdupinearthquakeconditions.

ThehousesinTabascohavetwobedrooms,alivingroom,akitchen,andabathroom.Becausethehousesarecreatedwithacomputerdesign,it'seasyto25thedesigntosuitthe