螺杆钻具使用手册中英文对照版.docx
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螺杆钻具使用手册中英文对照版
表1Table1
5LZ165X7.0YBH
5LZ165X14.0BH
q=8.5
5LZ197X7.0YBH
5LZ197X14.0BH
q=14.0
5LZ120X7.0YBH
q=5.0
5LZ95X7.0YBH
q=2.6
4.螺杆钻具型号说明4.ModelNumber
表2钻具故障分析表TroubleshootingTable2
Problems
异常现象
PossibleCauses
可能原因
Troubleshooting
判断及处理方法
gaugepressure
losssuddenrise
压力表压力
突然升高
Motorspeedloss
马达失速
LiftScrewDrillfor0.3-0.6m,examinerecyclingpressure,slowlyenhancedrillingweight.Ifgaugepressurerisesaccordinglyinnormalcondition,theproblemisspeedloss.
把钻具上升0.3-0.6m,核对循环压力,逐步加钻压,压力表随之逐步升高,均正常,可确认是失速。
Motordriveshaftstickedtightlyandbitnozzleplugged
马达传动轴卡死,钻头水眼被堵
Liftbitawayfromthebottom..Ifgaugepressureisstilltoohigh,onlyliftoutthedrillforcheckingortochangethebit.
把钻头提离井底,压力表读数仍很高,只能提出钻具检查或更换钻头。
Gaugepressureslowlyincreasing(notmeansincreaseofthenormalpressurelosswiththeincreaseofdrillingdepth
压力表慢慢地增高(不指随钻井深度增加而增大的正常压降)
Bitnozzleplugged
钻头水眼被堵
Liftbitawayfromthebottom,againexaminethepressure.Ifthepressureisstilloverrecyclingpressure,trytoimproverecyclingflowrateortomovethedrillpipeupanddown.Ifitisnotsolved,onlyliftoutthedrillforrepairorchange.
把钻头提离井底,再检查压力,如果压力仍然高于正常循环压力,可以试着改善循环流量或上下移动钻杆,如无效只得取出修理、更换。
Bitwearout
钻探磨损
Goonoperatingforcarefulwatch.Ifstillnofootagerate,liftoutthedrillforchange.
继续工作,细心观察,如仍无进尺,只能取出更换。
Formationchange
地层变化
Liftthedrillalittlebit.Ifthepressureissamewithrecyclingpressure,itmaygoonworking.
把钻头稍稍上提,如果压力与循环压力相同,则可继续工作。
Gaugepressureslowlydrops
压力表压力
缓慢降低
Fluctuationofrecyclingpressureloss
循环压力损失变化
Examinefluidflowrate
检查钻井液流量。
Drillpipedamaged
钻杆损坏
Liftthedrillalittlebit.Ifthegaugepressureisstilllowerthanrecyclingpressure,liftitoutforexamination.
稍提钻具,压力表读数仍低于循环压力,提出井眼检查。
Nofootagerate
没进尺
Formationchange
地层变化
Appropriatelychangedrillingweightandrecyclingflowrate(Note:
itmustbewithintheallowablerange.
适当改变钻压和循环流量(注意必须在允许范围内)。
Motorspeedloss
马达失速
Gaugepressureincreases,liftthedrillawayfromthebottom,examinerecyclingpressure,toincreasedrillingweightgradually.
压力表读数偏高,钻具提离井底,检查循环压力,从小钻压开始,逐步增大钻压。
By-passvalveinOPENposition
旁通阀处于“开位”
Gaugepressureistoolow,liftthedrillabitandstartandstopthepumptwice.Ifitisnotsolved,liftitouttocheckorchangeby-passvalve.
压力表读数偏低,稍提起钻具,起停钻井泵两次仍无效,则需要提出井眼,更换检查旁通阀。
Cardanshaftdamaged
万向轴损坏
Oftenwithpressurefluctuation,liftthedrillabit,lessfluctuationrange.Onlyliftitoutforexaminingandchanging.
常伴有压力波动,稍提起钻具,压力波动范围小些,只能取钻具,检查更换。
Bitwearout
钻探损坏
Changenewbit
更换新钻头。
7.ApplicationinDirectionalDrilling
Directionaldrillingisawaytodrillthetargetalongwiththedesignedaxialline.Todothis,exceptapplyingscrewdrill,itisrequiredtouseacompletesystem,combinedwithfloatsub,bentsub,steelcollar,non-magneticcollar,stabilizer,bitaswellasMWDsystem.Ourscrewdrillisoneofthedrillingtoolstoperformthisoperation.
7.1Ourscrewdrillmeetsthedemandsofdirectionaldrilling.
7.2Bentsubiscomposedofbentnipples,withitsmalethreadontothetopofthedrill.Thetopofbentnippleisconnectedwithcollar.Thus,thereformsananglebetweencollarandthedrill.Thisangleplaysakeyroleindeterminingdirectionalobliqueangle.Theangledegreeofbentsubrangesfrom0to3whichisdecidedbythecustomers.Thefactorsofchangeofholesize,holedeviationangleandfootagerateshallbeconsideredinselectionofbentsubs.Theangleofbentsubmaydirectlyaffecttheholedeviationangleandinclinationchange
(SeeTable-3).
7.定向井螺杆钻具的使用
定向钻井就是沿着预先设计的井眼轴线钻到目的层的钻井方法。
要实现这个目标除螺杆钻具,还许要组成钻具组合的浮动接头、弯接头、钢钻铤、无磁钻铤、稳定器、钻头以及测量系统等配套工具和设备。
我公司生产的螺杆钻具仅是完成这项工作的主要工具之一。
7.1我公司生产的螺杆钻具可以满足定向钻井的各项需要。
7.2弯接头是有弯曲角度的接头短节,其公扣拧入钻具上部。
弯接头上部再接钻铤,这样在钻铤及钻具间形成一个角度,这个角度对决定定向斜角起主要作用。
弯接头的角度为0○~3○,可以由用户自己决定。
弯接头角度的选择应考虑井眼尺寸、井斜角变化的要求、所用钻具估计能完成的进尺等因素。
弯接头的角度直接影响井眼尺寸、井斜角和井斜角的变化率。
(见表3)
表3弯接头角度,井斜角变化率/30m
BentSubAngleandInclinationAngleChane/30m
BentSub
Angle
弯接头角度
120(43/4")ScrewDrill钻具
165(61/2")ScrewDrill钻具
197(73/4")ScrewDrill钻具
HoleSize
井眼尺寸
Change
变化率
HoleSize
井眼尺寸
Change
变化率
HoleSize
井眼尺寸
Change
变化率
1°
152.4(6)"
3°30'
222.3(83/4)"
2°30'
250.8(97/8)"
2°30'
1°30'
4°45'
3°30'
3°45'
2°
5°30'
4°30'
5°00'
1°
171.5(63/4)"
3°30'
250.8(97/8)"
1°45'
269.9(105/8)"
2°00'
1°30'
4°00'
3°30'
2°30'
2°
5°00'
4°45'
4°15'
2°30'
5°45'
5°00'
5°30'
1°
1°
200(77/8)"
2°30'
269.9(105/8)"
1°15'
311.2(121/4)"
1°45'
1°30'
3°30'
2°00'
2°30'
2°
4°30'
3°00'
3°30'
2°30'
5°30'
4°00'
5°00'
表4钻柱反扭角估算EstimationofOppositeTorsionAngleonStringTable4
InitialDeflectionDepth(m)
开始造斜深度(m)
EstimatedOppositeTorsionAngle
估算反扭角
0-152
LeftTurn20°左旋20°
>152-305
LeftTurn25°左旋25°
>305-475
LeftTurn35°左旋35°
>475-1524
LeftTurn50°左旋50°
>1524-fullwelldepth>1524-全井深
LeftTurn10°/305m左旋10°/305m
Ifdeviationofscheduleddirectionoccurs,duringon-goingdeflectionwiththeplaneddeviationangle,itisadvisedtoreferTable-5toobtaineffectiveazimuthchange,whichislessaffectingthedeviationangle.
如果在预定方位井斜角下继续造斜而造斜过程中出现偏离预定方位的情况,建议用表5,它可获得最有效的方位变化,而又很少影响井斜角的变化。
EstimationofOppositeTorsionAnglewithDeviationTable5
表5已有井斜角时(纠偏)反扭角的估算
WellDepth
井深
HoleDeviationAngle
井斜角
AdjusttheDrillfromTopofHole
从井眼的高点调整钻具
LeftCorrection
向左纠偏
RightCorrection
向右纠偏
Surface-305
地面-305
2°-5°
LeftTurn40°左转
RightTurn140右转
5°-10°
LeftTurn40°左转
RightTurn135右转
10°-15°
LeftTurn40°左转
RightTurn130°右转
15°-20°
LeftTurn40°左转
RightTurn125°右转
20°-25°
LeftTurn40°左转
RightTurn120°右转
25°-30°
LeftTurn40°左转
RightTurn115°右转
30°-35°
LeftTurn40°左转
RightTurn110°右转
Over35°
RightTurn40°右转
RightTurn105°右转
305-710
2°-5°
LeftTurn30°左转
RightTurn155°右转
5°-10°
LeftTurn20°左转
RightTurn140°右转
10°-15°
LeftTurn10°左转
RightTurn135°右转
15°-20°
LeftTurn15°左转
RightTurn130°右转
20°-25°
LeftTurn0°左转
RightTurn125°右转
25°-30°
LeftTurn5°左转
RightTurn120°右转
30°-35°
RightTurn5°右转
RightTurn115°右转
Over35°
RightTurn10°右转
RightTurn110°右转
710-fulldepth
710-全部井深
2°-5°
LeftTurn25°左转
RightTurn180°右转
5°-10°
LeftTurn15°左转
RightTurn170°右转
10°-15°
LeftTurn5°左转
RightTurn165°右转
15°-20°
LeftTurn0°左转
RightTurn145°右转
20°-25°
RightTurn5°右转
RightTurn125°右转
25°-30°
RightTurn10°右转
LeftTurn115°左转
Over35°35°以上
LeftTurn10°左转
LeftTurn100°左转
7.4Cautions
●Whenadjustingtheguidepointofbentsub,turntableshallbeorientatedinrightrotation.Thenslowlytripinandoutthedrillstring(liftingforover9m)toeliminatethepipestressinthehole,keepingitinfreeposition.
●Themeasuredholeazimuthanddeviationangleisnotthedataofthebitlocation,butitisonabout15mpointabovethebitlocation.Thisisthedistancebetweenmeasuringdeviceandbit.
●Whencontinuouslydeflecting,itisadvisedtomeasurethedatawhilestrippinginadrillpipe.Theaddeddrillingweightshallbekeptstable(nottooheavy)toensurecorrectionofdeflection.
●7.5SteeringScrewDrill
●Steeringscrewdrillisournewlydesignedandmanufactureddownholedynamictool.Itisnormallyakindofdrillingtoolcompletedwithbentshellandstabilizer.
●Application
CompletedwithPDCbitandrockbit,itcomposesvariousdrillcombination,beingusedforsteeringdrilling.Itmayperformdeflectionwithoutchangingthecombinationtorealizedrillingoperationindirectionalzone(withlowerspeedofturntable)andhorizontalzone.
●Theshellofdriveshaftiscompletedwithastabilizerofdifferentdiameterandshapes(SeeFig.6).Thecustomersarerequiredtochoosethemaccordingtothedrillingprogram.
●Bentcardanshaftshell
Bentcardanshaftshellisdividedintosingleanddouble.Variousangleshallbeprovidedforyourselection.Fordoublebentshell,youmaychoosebothhomodirectionandreversedirection.
●Table-6showsbentangleanddeflectionofourconventionalscrewdrillforyourreference.
Inordertoovercomedifficultyforcarryingsolidtoflowupwardinhorizontaldrilling,anozzleisdesignedattheinletofcentersplitteronmotorrotor,anditmayincreasetheinputflowrateandtoperform
7.4注意事项
●调整弯接头指向时,转盘应按右旋定位,调整完毕,钻柱需慢慢地提升和下放数次(上提高度应超过9m)消除井眼中的钻杆应力,使其处于自由放松状态。
●所测得的井眼方位和井斜角不是钻头处的数据而是在钻头以上15米左右处,这是测斜装置距钻头的距离。
●连续造斜时,建议每钻一单根取一测量数据。
为使造斜准确,所加钻压应稳定且不要过大。
7.5导向钻井螺杆钻具:
●导向螺杆钻具是我公司为水平钻井设计和制造的新型井下动力钻具,通常是指配有弯壳体和稳定器的钻具。
●用途
配合PDC钻头或牙轮钻头:
组成不同的钻具组合,用于导向钻井系列,完成造斜和在不更换钻具组合而实现稳斜段(配合转盘低速旋转)及水平井段的钻井作业。
●传动轴外壳带有不同直径和不同形状的稳定器(见图6),用户可根据钻井工艺的需要选择使用。
●弯万向轴壳体:
●弯万向轴壳体有单弯和双弯两种形式,并有不同角度的弯角供用户选择,双弯壳体还可选择同向双弯和反向双弯。
●表6为我公司常规钻具的弯角及造斜率供用户参考。
●为了解决水平钻井的携屑上返的困难问题,马达转子设计有中心分流孔入口处装有喷咀,从而增加输入流量,可以进行高压喷射钻井。
当需要排量较小时,可以封堵转子中孔。
表6弯外壳螺杆钻具造斜率DeflectionofBentShellTable6
Model
钻具型号
Angle
K/30m
弯角
15'
30'
45'
100'
115'
130'
145'
20'
215'
230'
5LZ120ⅹ7.0Y
TH.Def
理论造斜率
2-2.7
2.5-5.4
7.5-8
9.5-10.8
12.5-13.5
15.5-16.2
16.3-19
20.3-21.6
23.3-24.4
26-27
5LZ165ⅹ7.0Y
TH.Def.
理论造斜率
1-2
3-4
5-6
7-8
9-10
1
1-12
13-14
15-16
17-18
19-20
5LZ197ⅹ7.0Y
TH.Def.
理论造斜率
1.5-2
3.5-4
5.5-6
7.5-8.2
9.5-10.2
11.8-12.3
13.8-16.3
15.8-16.3
18-18.4
20-20.45
表7钻具上下端螺纹安装扭矩TopandBottomThreadTorqueTable7
Size
钻具规格
TopThread
上端螺纹
TwistTorque
紧扣扭矩KNM
Bottom