Greek Mythology大事件.docx

Greek Mythology大事件.docx

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GreekMythology大事件

THEBATTLEOFZEUS&TYPHOEUS

Hesiod,Theogony820ff（trans.Evelyn-White）（GreekepicC8thorC7thB.C.）:

"NowafterZeushaddriventheTitanesoutofheaven,giganticGaia（Earth）,inlovewithTartaros（thePit）,bymeansofgoldenAphrodite,boretheyoungestofherchildren,Typhoeus;thehandsandarmsofhimaremighty,andhaveworkinthem,andthefeetofthepowerfulgodweretireless,andupfromhisshoulderstheregrewahundredsnakeheads,thoseofadreadeddrakon,andtheheadslickedwithdarktongues,andfromtheeyesontheinhumanheadsfireglitteredfromundertheeyelids:

fromallhisheadsfireflaredfromhiseyes'glancing;andinsideeachoneofthesehorribleheadstherewerevoicesthatthrewouteverysortofhorriblesound,forsometimesitwasspeechsuchasthegodscouldunderstand,butatothertimes,thesoundofabellowingbull,proud-eyedandfuriousbeyondholding,oragainlikealionshamelessincruelty,oragainitwaslikethebarkingofdogs,awondertolistento,oragainhewouldwhistlesothetallmountainsre-echoedtoit.[WhatTyphonlookslike,]

Andnowthatdaytherewouldhavebeendoneathingpastmending,andhe,Typhoeus,wouldhavebeenmasterofgodsandofmortals,hadnot[Zeus]thefatherofgodsandmenbeensharptoperceiveitandgaveahard,heavyclapofthunder,sothattheearthgavegrisl（terrible）reverberation（respond）,andthewideheavenabove,andthesea,andthestreamsofOkeanos,andtheundergroundchambers.AndgreatOlymposwasshakenundertheimmortalfeetofthemasterashemoved,andtheearthgroanedbeneathhim,andtheheatandblazefrombothofthemwasonthedark-facedsea,fromthethunderandlightningofZeusandfromtheflameofthemonster,fromhisblazingboltsandfromthescorchandbreathofhisstormwinds,andallthegroundandtheskyandtheseaboiled,andtoweringwavesweretossingandbeatingallupanddownthepromontoriesinthewindoftheseimmortals,andagreatshakingoftheearthcameon,andHaides,lordovertheperisheddead,trembled,andtheTitanesunderTartaros,wholivebesideKronos,trembledtothedreadencounterandtheunendingclamour.[Gaiamadeanearthquake,andTyphonmadeaterriblestorm.]

Butnow,whenZeushadheadeduphisownstrength,seizinghisweapons,thunder,lightning,andthegloweringthunderbolt,hemadealeapfromOlympos,andstruck,settingfiretoallthosewonderfulheadssetaboutonthedreadedmonster.Then,whenZeushadputhimdownwithhisstrokes,Typhoeuscrashed,crippled,andthegiganticearthgroanedbeneathhim,andtheflamefromthegreatlordsothunder-smittenranoutalongthedarkeningandsteepforestsofthemountainsashewasstruck,andagreatpartofthegiganticearthburnedinthewonderfulwindofhisheat,andmelted,astinmeltsintheheatofthecarefullygroovedcruciblewhencraftsmenworkit,orasiron,thoughthatisthestrongestsubstance,meltsunderstressofblazingfireinthemountainforestsworkedbyhandicraftofHephaistosinsidethedivineearth.Soearthmeltedintheflashoftheblazingfire;butZeusintumultofangercastTyphoeusintobroadTartaros.[ZeusdefeatedTyphonandcasthimintoTartarus.]

AndfromTyphoeuscomestheforceofwindsblowingwetly,exceptNotos（theSouthWind）andBoreas（theNorthWind）andclearZephyros（theWestWind）.Theseareagod-sentkind,andagreatblessingtomen;buttheothersblowfitfullyupontheseas.Somerushuponthemistyseaandworkgreathavocamongmenwiththeirevil,ragingblasts;forvaryingwiththeseasontheyblow,scatteringshipsanddestroyingsailors.Andmenwhomeettheseupontheseahavenohelpagainstthemischief.Othersagainovertheboundless,floweringearthspoilthefairfieldsofmenwhodwellbelow,fillingthemwithdustandcrueluproar."[TheWindswhichproducedbyTyphondestroyedthelandandtheplaceswhatpeoplelived]

Pindar,PythianOde1.16ff（trans.Conway）（GreeklyricC5thB.C.）:

"Butviolencebringstoruineventheboastfulhard-heartsoonorlate.Kilikion（Cilician）Typhonofthehundredheadscouldnotescapehisfate."

Aeschylus,PrometheusBound353ff（trans.WeirSmyth）（GreektragedyC5thB.C.）:

"Pitymovedme[theTitanPrometheus],too,atthesightoftheearth-born（gêgenês）dwelleroftheKilikian（Cilician）cavescurbedbyviolence,thatdestructivemonsterofahundredheads（hekatonkaranos）,impetuous（thouros）Typhon.Hewithstoodallthegods,hissingoutterrorwithhorridjaws,whilefromhiseyeslightenedahideousglare,asthoughhewouldstormbyforcethesovereigntyofZeus.ButtheunsleepingboltofZeuscameuponhim,theswoopinglightningbrandwithbreathofflame,whichstruckhim,frightened,fromhisloud-mouthedboasts;then,strickentotheveryheart,hewasburnttoashesandhisstrengthblastedfromhimbytheli