河南省学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题.docx

河南省学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题.docx

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河南省学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题

2021年高二年级第一次月考

英语试题

第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共70分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

DoyoulookforsomethingtoreadwhileinLondon?

Ifso,you’relucky.TheBritishcapitalhappenstohaveanincrediblecollectionofbookshops.

Foyles

Ifyouwill,digthepicture:

fourmilesofshelvesholdingupto200,000books.Let’shopeyouhavesometimetoreadbookswhentravellinginFoyles.Thisbookshopisimpossibletoleaveempty-handed.ItwasoncelistedintheGuinnessBookofWorldRecordsasthebiggestbookshopontheplanet.

Location:

107CharingCrossRd

Hatchards

Intheyear1797,ThomasPainepublishedAgrarianJustice.It’salsotheyearthisLondonbookshop,theoldestinthecitytoday,firstturnedonitslights.Itstocksanexcellentselectionoffiction,nonfiction,historyandothersorts.

Location:

187PiccadillySt

Libreria

ThisbookshopisoneofthemostpleasingofitskindinLondon.Theyellowbookshelvesaddatouchofcolorandmysteryand,well,youkindofjustwanttogrababookandaseatandstayawhile.Mobilephoneusageisstronglybannedhere.

Location:

65HanburySt

LondonReviewBookshop

Thiswonderfulbookshopthatopenedin2003comesfromthesmartpeopleoftheLondonReviewofBooks.Asyou’dexpect,thereisanexcellentselectionofhistory,philosophy,politics,newfictionandmanyothersortshere.Plus,there’sanicecafeinwhichyoucanhavesomethingtodrinkandstartreading.

Location:

16BuryPI

1．WherecanyoufindtheoldestbookshopinLondon?

A．16BuryPI.B．187PiccadillySt.

C．107CharingCrossRd.D．65HanburySt.

2．WhatisspecialaboutLibreria?

A．Ithasvariousbooks.B．ItislocatedinLondon.

C．Ithasyellowbookshelves.D．Itisthebiggestone.

3．Whichbookshopcanofferpeoplecoffee?

A．Foyles.B．Hatchards.

C．Libreria.D．LondonReviewBookshop.

B

ThesunwasrisingaswedroveacrosstheMinnesotastatelinetoNewYorkformynewPh.D．program.Themovewasgoodformeprofessionally,butIworriedaboutmyhusbandanddaughters.IalsofearedthatIwouldn’tbeabletogivemykidsthechildhoodtheydeserved.

Anne,ourfirstdaughter,cameintotheworldwhenIwasajuniormajoringinbiologyincollege.Itwaschallengingtobalanceclasses,workschedules,andbeingamom.ButIgotthroughit,findingmomentsofjoyalongtheway.OnthenightswhenIwashome,I’dreadmyclassnotesoutloudwithmydaughter.She’drespondbyaskingquestions,suchas“Mom,whatarebacteria?

”Ithelpedusbothlearn.

AfterIgraduated,IknewthatIwouldneedaPh.D．tolandthekindofjobIwanted.IarrivedinNewYorkfeelingmorethantheusualnew-grad-studentanxiety.IalsosufferedfromamorepersonalfearthatIwasbeingselfish—thatmydecisiontoinvigoratemycareerwasgoingtohavelong-termnegativeimpactsonmykids.

Overthepastyear,though,I’vestartedtoletgoofsomeofthisworry.I’verealizedthatwehavenotonlyadaptedtoournewsituation,butthingsaregettingbetter.Myhusbandlandedajobthatheishappywith.Annedreamsofbecomingamarinebiologist.Recently,whiledrivingpastthecancerinstituteIworkat,Annesaid,“Thinkingaboutpeoplehavingcancerissosad,butIfeelbetterknowingthatyouareresearchingittohelp.”

Navigatingacademiaasayoungmotherishard,butit’salsorewarding.Mykidsarelearningtolookattheworldthroughthelensofscience,andwatchingtheirmomsucceedinspiresthem.Ilookforwardtoseeingthemfollowmyfootsteps,whateverpaththeychoose.

4．HowdidthewriterfeelaboutthemoveforherPh.D．program?

A．Itwasfruitfulbutexhausting.B．Itwasthelastthingshewoulddo.

C．Itwashopefulbutchallenging.D．Itwaspromisingforthewholefamily.

5．Whichcanbestreplacetheword“invigorate”inParagraph3?

A．boost.B．change.C．create.D．choose.

6．WhatcouldbeinferredfromAnne’swordsinParagraph4?

A．Peopleareafraidofhavingcancer.B．CancerishealthenemyNo.1.

C．Hermothertakesherjobseriously.D．Anneisproudofhermother.

7．Whatmightbethebesttitleofthetext?

A．OnwardsandUpwardsB．DoubleGainsofMum’sPursuit

C．LikeMotherLikeDaughterD．GenerationGapNarrowedbyLove

C

Ifyoulivenearapark,you’veprobablyobservedthisuniquesquirrelbehavior.Aswinterapproaches,thesecreaturesbeginwhatlookslikepreparationforawidescavenger（觅食）hunt.Ingreatnumbers,thesesquirrelsbegintoburynuts!

Thiskindofbehaviorraisesalotofquestionsforsquirrelenthusiasts—themostpressingbeinghowthesquirrelsfindtheirnutsagain.Easterngraysquirrels,inparticular,burytheirnutsfarandwide.Scientiststhemselvesaren’tevenquitesureofeverythingthatgoesintothishidingbehavior,buttheyhavesomeideas.

Forone,scientistshaveobservedgraysquirrelsfrequentlyburyingandreburyingtheirnuts.Thescientistsassumedthatthisbehaviorwastohelpalwayskeepafreshmemoryofthenuts!

locations.However,it’snotonlymemorythatthesquirrelsneedtocombat（战斗）inordertofindtheirnuts!

Thegraysquirrelcommunityisrampant（猖獗的）withnutstealing.Thesquirrelscanloseupto25%oftheirhiddennutstosuchthieves!

Luckily,thesquirrelshavedevelopedsomeclevermethodstoprotecttheirnuts.Scientistshaveobservedthesquirrelscreatingfalsecaches（储藏）inordertotrickthieves.Ifthesquirrelsareworriedaboutthieves,theywillalsostarttohidetheirnutsindifficult-to-reachplaces（likeunderbushesorinmuddyareas）.

Whileitmightbefrustratingforsquirrelstolosetheircarefullyhiddennuts,itcanbebeneficialforotherorganisms.Inparticular,itcanhelptheforestitself!

AstudydoneattheUniversityofRichmondreportsthatsquirrelsfailtorecoverupto74%ofthenutstheybury.Thismisplacingofsomanyacorns（theseedsofoaktrees）,thestudysays,islikelyresponsibleforoakforestregeneration.Whensquirrelsmisplacetheseburiedacorns,theyallowfortheseseedstoeventuallygrowintofulloaktrees!

Thesquirrels’habitofwidespreadcachingisalsoimportanttothegrowthoftheforest,asitallowsthegenetic（基因的）informationtospreadfar.

Whatseemedlikeaharmlessscavengerhuntisactuallypartofanendlesscomplexecosysteminourforests!

8．Inwhataspectdosquirrelspuzzlepeoplemost?

A．Thewaytheysearchforfood.B．Theplacestheyhideinwinter.

C．Thelocationoftheirhiddenfood.D．Thewaytheyrecoverhiddennuts

9．Whatcanwelearnaboutthegraysquirrels?

A．Theyoftenfightwitheachotherforfood.

B．Theytendtofeelmoresecureinbushyplaces.

C．Theyarecautiousaboutstoringfoodforwinter.

D．Theysurvivelargelythankstotheirteamspirit.

10．What’sthemessageconveyedinthethirdparagraph?

A．Squirrelscanstarveduetolackoffood.

B．Itcanbebeneficialthatsquirrelslosetheirnuts.

C．It’seasytogetsquirrels’geneticinformation.

D．Squirrelsalwaysmisplacetheirnutsdeliberately.

11．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A．Whydosquirrelsstealnuts?

B．Howdosquirrelssurvivethewinter?

C．Thesecretsbehindsquirrels’buryingnuts.

D．Theecosystemintheforest.

D

Whichkindofdiamondisbetterfortheenvironmentandtheworldwelivein:

adiamondfromatraditionalmineoronemadeinalaboratory?

Itseemsthateveryonewouldthinkthatman-madediamondswouldbebetter.Butwaitaminute.Don’tdrawyourconclusionsoquickly.

Somerecentreportssuggesttheanswermaynotbesoclear.Attheveryleast,thesereportsprovideevidenceoftensionsbetweentwodifferentsectorsofthediamondindustry.Lab-growndiamondcompaniessaytheyaremoremoralandcauselessharmtotheEarth’senvironmentastheydon’thavetodigdeepintotheearthfordiamonds.

Thetraditionaldiamondsectornotesthatitsbusinesseshelpthecommunitieswheretheyoperatemines.Itsaystheyprovidejobs,helpbuildroadsandotherinfrastructureandmakeinvestmentsinconservation.Somecompanies,suchasDeBeers,workonbothsides.DeBeerssellsnaturalandman-madediamonds.

IntheUnitedStates,theFederalTradeCommission（FTC）investigatesreportsofdeceptive,ormisleading,advertising.InApril,thecommissionsentwarningletterstoeightlab-growndiamondcompanies.OneoftheFTC’sconcernswastheuseoftheword"eco-friendly",andsimilarterms,todescribediamondsmadeinalaboratory.Thelab-grownprocessrequiresveryhightemperaturesandusesalotofenergy.

Trucostisacompanythatestimatesthecostsofusingnaturalresources.AskedbytheDiamondProducersAssociationtostudytheissue,Trucostfoundthecarbonintensityofnaturaldiamondswaslowerthanlab-growndiamonds.TheTrucostreportdidnotethatdiamondminersshouldreducetheireffectontheenvironmentbyusingmorewindpowerandsunlight.

TheReutersnewsagencyreportedthattheInternationalGrownDiamondAssociationdidnotimmediatelyrespondtorequestsforcommentsaboutthestory.

12.What’stheopinionoftraditionaldiamondcompaniesabouttheirbusiness?

A.Theyrefuselab-growndiamonds.

B.Theybringbenefitstolocalpeople.

C.TheycauselessharmtotheEarth’senvironment.

D.Theyaremoremoralthanlab-growndiamondcompanies.

13.Whywerelab-growndiamondcompanieswarnedbyFTC?

A.Theysoldfalsediamonds.B.Theyteasedcustomers.

C.Theytookunfaircompetition.D.Theymadefalseadvertisements.

14.WhatdidTrucostadvisediamondminerstodo?

A.Userenewableenergy.B.Giveupminingdiamonds.

C.Changeminingequipment.D.Developlab-growndiamonds.

15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.IsNaturalDiamondMiningComingtoanEnd?

B.DoDiamondMinersReallyProtecttheEnvironment?

C.WhichKindofDiamondIsBetterfortheEnvironment?