中美价值观的差异 试论中美家庭价值观的差异.docx

中美价值观的差异 试论中美家庭价值观的差异.docx

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中美价值观的差异试论中美家庭价值观的差异

中美价值观的差异试论中美家庭价值观的差异

试论中美家庭价值观的差异

摘要

家庭是社会的载体和最基本的社会细胞，家庭价值观是文化研究的核心，家庭成员的价值观直接或间接地影响他们在社会交往中的言行举止。

但是，由于地理环境、历史背景、文化价值和宗教信仰的不同，不同的民族和国家有不同的家庭价值观。

本文试从家庭模式、生活方式和文化教育三个方面对中美家庭价值观作一粗浅的比较，为进一步研究中美文化差异奠定基础，从而促进中美文化的交流和发展。

本文从讨论家庭价值观差异的三个关键点着手，并进行了一系列的对比和分析，从而突出它们的内涵以及在日常生活中的表现，然后借鉴和学习了大量研究学者和著作者的优秀研究成果并结合自身的学习过程和生活经历，促进本文成果的进一步深入。

关键词：

家庭价值观；家庭模式；婚姻；教育；社交；成因

OntheDifferencesofFamilyValuesBetweenChinaand

America

Abstract

Familyisthecarrierandmostfundamentalcellofsociety.familyvalueisthecoreinresearchofhumanculture,andfamilyvalueofmembers,directlyorindirectly,influenceontheirbehaviorandthinkinginsociety.Thatistosay,socialvalue,toalargeextent,isdeterminedbythefamilyvalues.However,duetothedifferencesofgeographicalenvironmentandhistoricalbackground,culturalvalueandreligiousandbelief,differentnationsandcountrieshavedifferentfamilyvalues.Thispaperisonsimplestudytryingtodrawacomparisonwithfamilypattern,lifestyleandculturaleducationoffamilyvaluesbetweenChinaandAmericatolayafoundationforthefurtherstudyofculturaldifferencesandtopromotethedevelopmentofcommunicationandculturebetweenChinaandtheUS.

Thisdissertationstartsitsstudyfromdiscussingthreekeypointsofdifferencesoffamilyvalue,andmakingaseriesofcontrastanalysistohighlightwhattheymeanandhowtoexpress.Toobtainthefutherresultsofstudy,thispaperisbasiconlotsofachievementsofmanyresearchscholarsandauthors,tightlyrelatedtohisownstandpoints,whichconcludeintheprocessoflearningwithpersonalexperience.

Keywords:

familyvalues;familypattern;marriage;familyeducation;socialcontact;reasons

CONTENTS

摘要..............................................................................................IAbstract...........................................................................................IIChapter1Introduction........................................................................1

1.1DefinitionofFamily............................................................................................................1

1.2DefinitionofFamilyValues................................................................................................1

1.2.1ThedecisivefamilyvalueofChina:

familismandcollectivism......................................2

1.2.2ThemainfamilyvalueofAmerica:

liberalismandindividualism...................................2Chapter2DifferencesBetweenChineseandAmericanFamilyValues.............3

2.1TheDifferencesofFamilyPattern......................................................................................3

2.1.1FamilypatternofChina...........................................................................................3

2.1.2FamilypatternofAmerica.......................................................................................4

2.2TheConceptofLifestyle.....................................................................................................4

2.2.1Chineseconceptoflifestyle....................................................................................5

2.2.2Americanconceptoflifestyle..................................................................................6

2.3CulturalEducationofFamily..............................................................................................6

2.3.1CulturaleducationofChinesefamily.......................................................................7

2.3.2CulturaleducationofAmericanfamily....................................................................8

Chapter3ReasonsfortheDifferencesbetweenChineseandAmericanFamilyValues.............................................................................................9

3.1GeographicandHistoricReasons.......................................................................................9

3.2ReligiousandCulturalReasons........................................................................................10

3.3EconomicFormationandSocialCondition......................................................................11

3.4EducationalandCulturalTradition...................................................................................12Chapter4Conclusion.........................................................................12References.......................................................................................13Acknowledgements............................................................................14

Chapter1Introduction

1.1DefinitionofFamily

Generallyspeaking,familyshouldbedefinedasagroupofpeopletiedupwithmarriage,bloodoradoptiontogether,eachinfamilyactapartasparents,spousesorsiblingsofsocialidentitytointeractandmakecontributions,creatingacombinationofacommon“bloodculture“.Andalsothereisanotherexplanationoffamily,itsayfamliyisthebasiccellofsociety,isthemostimportantcoreofsocialorganization,economicorganizationandspiritualhome.Thatistosay,continuabledevelopmentoffamilyhealthisthecornerstoneofstabilityanddevelopmentofsocietyandcountry,“home”istheresponsibility,sustenance,intimacyandtrust.

Inancientsociety,thetraditionalformofmostfamilyismultigenerationwhichfeatureswithcohabiting,totalwealth,producetogether.However,withthegreatchangeofproductionmodeandrapiddevelopmentofeconomy,scienceandtechnology,inmodernsociety,familyplayaveryimportantroleindistribution,consumptionandinheritenceindifferentcultures.TofurtherunderstandingofdifferencesofChineseandAmericanfamilies,gettingabasicmodeandlifestyleisnecessaryprocessseekingcommongroundanddevelopingtogether.

1.2DefinitionofFamilyValues

Familyvaluesarepoliticalandsocialbelief,asthecoreofvaluesystem.Inotherwords,familyvaluesareregardedastheview,attitudesorbeliefsthateachfamilymemberaccumulateandconcludeoveralongperiodindailylives.Anditisastandardtoevaluatetheidealfamily,meaningandpurpose,affectingindividualfamilylifeandfamilybusinessrelatedmatters.Therearemattersthatfamilyrelations,relationshipsbetweenhusbandandwife,parent-childrelationship,kinshipareallfamilyvalues.Thefamilyisdependonfamilyvalues,andfamilyvaluesistheprecursoroffamilychange.

Differentcountrieshavedifferentfamilyvalues.TherearemanyessentialdifferencesofChineseandAmericanfamilyvalues.InChina,peopleadvocatefamilism,thinkthefamilyisthefoundationandaffiliationofeachperson,thepersonalinterestsshouldbesubordinatedtocollectivism,eachpersonshouldactivelycontributetothefamilytopromotefamilyeconomicandculturaldevelopment.However,intheUnitedStates,AmericansinheriteculturaltraditionsofEuropewhiledevelopitwithitsowncustomsandreligiouscharacteristics,formingtheindividualindependence,individualrights,equalityandfreedomoffamilyvalues.

1.2.1ThedecisivefamilyvalueofChina:

familismandcollectivism

Chinesefamilycollectivismisdeep-rooted,havealonghistoryandhasbeenaccompaniedbytheemergenceanddevelopmentofthefamily,whichplayaverystrongroleinguiding.IntraditionalChinesesociety,agriculturalproductionisthemainsourceofincome,whichneedtoinvestalotoflabor.Alsothefamilyisasthebasicunitofsocialproduction,thegreaterthesize,themorehumanresources,thestrongeconomicpower,thehighersocialstatus,whichdeterminessocialidealformthatthesocialdevelopmentshoulebeowetoflourishingpopulationofcollectiveextendedfamily,attachingimportancetocommunitylife.Inmoderntimes,witheconomicdevelopment,althoughpeople’slifestyleshavechanged,thecollectivistvaluesofChinesefamiliesstillhavebeendominant.ModernFamilyhaveseperatedfromtheformofmultigeneration,thesmallfamilyofnewcoupleshasbecomeamajorformtopursuehappyandharmoniousfamilylife.Butinfluencedbyseveralthousandyearsoftraditionalculture,thelivingconditionsofnewfamilystillreflectthecollectivismandfamilismoffamilyvalues:

togetherwithlaborandproduction,alongwiththecreationofmaterialandspiritualwealth,atthesametime,sharefoodandconsumptionofmaterialandspiritualwealthtogether,whichvaluefamily,bringupchildren,andsupportfortheelderly.

InChina,peopleputgreatimportancetothefamilismandcollectivism,theypaymoreattentiontotheinterestofwholefamilyorwholegroupthanAmerican.

1.2.2ThemainfamilyvalueofAmerica:

liberalismandindividualism

ComparedwiththeChinesefamilyvalues,thefamilyvaluesofAmericaisissentiallydifferent,justliketheWestern.ItisbelievedthattheAmericanattachgreatimportancetopersonalindependence,individualrights,freedomandequality,whichitmeansignificantdifferences,evenitcanbesaidtobetheoppositewithChina.AmericaisaRepublicCapitalismwithboomingcommercialeconomyandpower,lifestyleandthinkingofAmercianismoreopenandpragmaticthanChinese,inthesystemoffamilyvalues,itexpresstodemonstrateindividualabilityandrespectforfreedom.Theyarehighlyconcernedaboutself-development,protectionoftherightsanddevelopmentofself-awareness.WhenAmercianisjustachild,familyandparentsinstilltheprinciplesofindividualismtothem,handlingsomemattersrelatingtothemselvesandfamilywithequelopportunityandfulldemocracy.Whentheyare18yearsofage,theymustbefacedwith

1.2.1ThedecisivefamilyvalueofChina:

familismandcollectivism

Chinesefamilycollectivismisdeep-rooted,havealong