英语论文The Cultural Shift in Translation Studies.docx

英语论文The Cultural Shift in Translation Studies.docx

《英语论文The Cultural Shift in Translation Studies.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语论文The Cultural Shift in Translation Studies.docx（68页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

英语论文TheCulturalShiftinTranslationStudies

TheCulturalShiftinTranslationStudies

ABSTRACT

Traditionaltranslationstudiestreattranslationasthetransformationoflinguisticsigns,takinginsufficientnoticeoftheinterferenceofculturalfactorsinthetranslatingprocess.However,owingtothenaturalandcloserelationsbetweenlanguage,cultureandtranslation,withthedevelopmentofrelateddisciplines,translationstudiesfromtheperspectiveofculturalcommunicationhavebeengainingweightintheacademiccirclesoftranslationtheoriesinrecentyears,whichresultedintheculturalviewontranslation.

Thisthesistriestoexploretranslatingproblemsfromtheculturalperspective.ItfallsintosevenpartsincludingtheIntroduction:

ThethesisstartswiththeIntroductioninwhichtheauthorconciselystateshispurposeofwritingthispaper,outliningthecontentsofthewholethesisaccordingtoitsstructure.

ChapterOneisLanguage,CultureandTranslation.Thischapterisdesignedtoexplicatetheconceptofcultureandtherelationsbetweenlanguage,cultureandtranslation,layingfoundationsforthefollowingdiscussionatdeeperlevels.

ChapterTwoisCulturalViewonTranslationandCulturalFactorstobeTakenintoAccountWhenTranslating.Onthebasisofanalysingtraditionaltranslationstudies,theauthorpointsoutthedefectsoftraditionaltranslationstudies.Thentheauthorlooksbackatthecultureturnintranslationstudiesandintroducestheculturalviewontranslation.Theauthorholdstheviewthatcommonculturalcoreisthefoundationoftranslationandculturalcommunication,butculturaldifferencesposeobstaclestosmoothculturalexchangeandculturalconflictsarethetoughnutfortranslatorstocrack.

ChapterThreeisForeignizationandDomestication—TwoApproachestoCulturalTranslation.Whenitcomestothediscussionofhandlingculturalfactorsintranslation,scholarsathomeandabroadcanberoughlydividedintotwoschools:

theschoolofforeignizationandtheschoolofdomestication,withVenutiandNidabeingtheirmajorrespectiverepresentatives.Thedisputesbetweenthetwoschoolshavebeencontinuingforquiteafewyears,eachschoolhavingitsownadvocatesandtheoreticalbases.

ChapterFourisForeignizationorDomestication:

AnAnalysisoftheContributingFactorsintheDecision-makingProcessofTranslation.Theauthorhasnointentionofgettinginvolvedinthedisputesbetweenthetwoschools.Afteranalysingsuchfactorsastheintentionofthetranslator,textualfunction,social-culturalenvironment,historicallimitationsandthetranslator’sstyle,theauthorcomestotheconclusionthatthechoiceoftranslatingstrategyisdecideduponbymanyconditioningfactorsratherthanbythepreferenceofthetranslator.

ChapterFiveisTheMediatingFunctionsoftheCulturalViewonTranslation.Inthecirclesoftranslationtheories,therearemanydisputableissuessuchasthecontradictionbetweendomesticationandforeignization,theconflictofliteraltranslationandfreetranslation,thetraceoftranslation,thetranslator’sstyle,etc.Studyingtheseproblemsfromtheperspectiveofculturalcommunication,theauthorconcludesthatallthesetrickstosomeextentcontributetoculturalcommunication,andsotheirexistenceisjustifiable.

ChapterSixisConclusion.Theauthorharbourstheviewthattoconducttranslationstudiesfromtheangleofculturalcommunicationprovidesanewperspectivefortranslationstudies,reconcilingthelong-termcontradictoryopinionsandguidingthemtoservethetaskofpromotingculturalcommunication.Thishelpstranslationstudiesgetoutofmarginalpositionandexistasanindependentdiscipline.Atthesametime,theauthorwarnsthattheculturalviewontranslationisjustoneofthemanyperspectivesoftranslationstudies,anditiscomplementarytotranslationstudiesfromotherperspectives.Itsdevelopment,toagreatextent,countsonthedevelopmentandprosperityofrelateddisciplines.

内容提要

传统的翻译研究只是把翻译看作一种语言符号的转换活动，对于文化因素对翻译过程的介入讨论不够充分。

然而，由于语言、文化和翻译的天然的密切关系，随着与翻译相关的学科的发展和国际交流的日益频繁，从文化交流的角度探讨翻译问题在近年来成为翻译理论界的一个热点，文化翻译观应运而生。

本文试从文化翻译观的角度对若干翻译问题进行探讨。

全文包括导言共由七个部分组成：

在导言中，作者以简洁的语言阐述了文章的写作目的，按照文章的写作架构对整篇论文进行了概述。

第一章,语言，文化和翻译。

本章旨在阐述文化的概念，以及语言，文化和翻译之间关系，为后面的深入讨论做准备。

第二章，文化翻译观及翻译中要考虑的文化因素。

这一章里，在对传统的翻译研究进行回顾分析的基础上，指出其存在的不足；进而回顾了翻译界的文化转向，并对文化翻译观的内容做了介绍。

作者认为文化共核是翻译和文化交流能够进行的基础，而文化差异是顺利达成文化交流的障碍，也是译者翻译实践中的最大困难。

第三章，异化和归化—跨文化翻译的两种基本策略。

国内外的学者对处理翻译中的文化因素的态度大致分为两派：

异化派和归化派。

异化派以文努提为代表，归化派以奈达为代表。

两派之争由来已久，各自都有自己的理论依据，也都有为数不少的支持者。

第四章，异化还是归化—翻译决策过程中的制约因素分析。

作者并未介入异化和归化两派的争论，而是通过对文本功能，译者的目的，历史局限，社会文化环境，以及译者的风格诸制约因素的分析的基础上，认为异化和归化两种策略的选择是由于许多制约因素共同作用的结果，而不是靠译者的个人偏爱。

第五章，文化翻译观的调停作用。

翻译中有争议的问题很多，如异化和归化，译者能否有自己的风格，能否对原作进行删节修改，直译与意译，译作中能否保留翻译的痕迹，等等。

作者把这些争议放到促进文化交流的文化翻译观下来考察，认为这些问题在一定条件下对文化交流都有积极的作用，都有其存在的必要。

第六章，结论。

作者认为从文化交流的角度研究翻译为翻译研究提供了新的视角，使长期以来翻译界存在的争论统一在促进文化交流的根本任务之下，并有利于翻译研究摆脱边缘化地位，作为独立的学科而存在。

同时，作者也认为，文化翻译观只是翻译研究的众多角度中的一个，与从其他角度进行的翻译研究是互补性的，它的发展有赖于相关学科的繁荣和发展。

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Ioweagreatdealtomysupervisor,ProfessorZhuPeifenforhergeneroushelpthroughthewholeprocessofmywritingthisthesis.

Attheearlystage,shegavemesomepreciousadviceondecidinguponthetopicandonhowtodevelopmyimmatureideasintoapaperandofferedmesomevaluablereferencematerialssheacquiredwhenstudyingabroadasavisitingscholar.WhenIsubmittedmydraftpapertoher,shewasbusycompilingabookonoralinterpretationundergreatpressureonthepartofherpublisher.Thetaskofcorrectingmypaperinevitablydoubledherhardshipinwork.However,severaldayslater,Iwasgratefullytakenabackwhenlookingthroughthethesishavingundergonehercorrecting!

Onopeningthepaper,Isurprisinglyfoundnumerousmarksinpencilscatteredinthemarginsandbetweenthelinesofeachpage,whicharousedtremendousgratitudeinmyheart.ItdawnedonmewhyIhadbeenenviedforbeingsupervisedbyatremendouslyresponsibleprofessor!

WhenIhandedinmyrevisedpaper,shewassupervisingsixundergraduateswritinggraduatingthesesand,inthemeantime,shewasgivinglessonstobothundergraduatesandpostgraduates.Despiteherbeingfullyoccupied,shecheckedmythesiswithgreatcare.

Icouldn’tthankmysupervisorenoughforherloftysenseofcommitment.Butforherhelp,Icouldn’thavefinishedwritingthispaper.

Finally,IamobligedtoquiteafewscholarswhosepapersandbooksIhavereferredto.ItisfromtheirachievementsthatIdrawrichthoughtsforthisthesis.

CONTENTS

Abstract

Acknowledgements

Introduction1

ChapterOne：

Language,CultureandTranslation41.1Whyisitimportanttoelaborateonthedefinitionofculture?

4

1.2Variousdefinitionsofculture5

1.3Intrinsictraitsofculture7

1.4Therelationoflanguagetoculture11

1.5Therelationoftranslationtoculture13

ChapterTwo:

CulturalViewonTranslationandCulturalFactors

toBeTakenintoAccountWhenTranslating15

2.1Traditionaltranslationstudies15

2.2Theculturalturnintranslationstudies17

2.3Culturalviewontranslation19

2.4Culturalfactorstobetakenintoaccountwhentranslating22

2.4.1Theimportanceofcross-culturalawareness22

2.4.2Culturalcommoncore23

2.4.3Difficultiescausedtotranslationbyculturaldifferences25

2.4.3.1Conflictofwordmeaning25

2.4.3.2Semanticassociation26

2.4.3.3Zeroofequivalentword28

2.4.3.4Pragmaticimplication29

2.4.3.5Differenceofnationalpsychology30

ChapterThree:

ForeignizationandDomestication－TwoApproaches

toCulturalTranslation32

3.1Culturaltranslation,foreignizationanddomestication32

3.2Advocatesofdomesticationandtheirtheories34

3.3Advocatesofforeignizationandtheirtheories36

3.4Theendlessdisputebetweenthetwoschools37

ChapterFour:

DomesticationorForeignization:

AnAnalysis

oftheContributingFactorsintheDecision-

makingProcessofTranslation42

4.1Theintentionofthetranslator42

4.2Textualfunction46

4.3Socio-culturalenvironment49

4.4Historicallimitations51

4.5Thetranslator’sstyle52

ChapterFive:

TheMediatingFunctionoftheCulturalViewon

Translation55

5.1Onstyle55

5.2Onliteraltranslationandfreetranslation56

5.3Ontranslatabilityanduntranslatability57

5.4Onadditionandomission59

5.5Onforeignizationanddomestication60

5.6Onthetraceoftranslation61

ChapterSix:

Conclusion63

Bibliography64

Introduction

Thispaperdiscussestranslationfromtheculturalperspective.Theauthorpointsoutthedefectsoftraditionaltranslationstudiesandintroducesthecurrentlyprevailingculturalviewontranslation.

Traditionally,translationwasdefinedfromtheperspectiveoflinguistics.AccordingtoEugeneA.Nida,therenownedAmericantheoristontranslation,“Translatingconsistsinreproducingthereceptorlanguagetheclosestnaturalequivalentofthesource-languagemessage,firstintermsoflanguageandsecondlyintermsofstyle”（1969/1982:

12）.AnotherEnglishtranslationtheoristbythenameofCatfordmoreclearlydefinedtranslationas“thereplacementoftextualmaterialinonelanguage（SL）byequivalenttextualmaterialinanotherlanguage（TL）”（1965:

20）.

Thus,translationstudiesconductedfromlinguisticperspectiveresultintheneglectofculturalfactorsinvolvedintranslation.Translationisinnatureacross-culturalcommunicationratherthanamerehandlingoflanguages.Asisknowntoall,language,asaculturalphenomenonandamajorcarrierofculture,can’tsurviveonceseparatedfromtheculturalbackgroundinwhichitisdeeplyrooted.So,translatingitselfisaproces