会计专业专业术语中英文对照.docx

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会计专业专业术语中英文对照.docx

会计专业专业术语中英文对照

会计专业专业术语中英文对照

一、会计与会计理论

    会计accounting

    决策人DecisionMaker

    投资人Investor

    股东Shareholder

    债权人Creditor

    财务会计FinancialAccounting

    管理会计ManagementAccounting

    成本会计CostAccounting

    私业会计PrivateAccounting

    公众会计PublicAccounting

    注册会计师CPACertifiedPublicAccountant

    国际会计准则委员会IASC

    美国注册会计师协会AICPA

    财务会计准则委员会FASB

    管理会计协会IMA

    美国会计学会AAA

    税务稽核署IRS

    独资企业Proprietorship

    合伙人企业Partnership

    公司Corporation

    会计目标AccountingObjectives

    会计假设AccountingAssumptions

    会计要素AccountingElements

    会计原则AccountingPrinciples

    会计实务过程AccountingProcedures

    财务报表FinancialStatements

    财务分析FinancialAnalysis

    会计主体假设Separate-entityAssumption

    货币计量假设Unit-of-measureAssumption

    持续经营假设Continuity(Going-concern)Assumption

    会计分期假设Time-periodAssumption

    资产Asset

    负债Liability

    业主权益Owner'sEquity

    收入Revenue

    费用Expense

    收益Income

    亏损Loss

    历史成本原则CostPrinciple

    收入实现原则RevenuePrinciple

    配比原则MatchingPrinciple

    全面披露原则Full-disclosure(Reporting)Principle

    客观性原则ObjectivePrinciple

    一致性原则ConsistentPrinciple

    可比性原则ComparabilityPrinciple

    重大性原则MaterialityPrinciple

    稳健性原则ConservatismPrinciple

    权责发生制AccrualBasis

    现金收付制CashBasis

    财务报告FinancialReport

    流动资产Currentassets

    流动负债CurrentLiabilities

    长期负债Long-termLiabilities

    投入资本ContributedCapital

    留存收益RetainedEarning

二、会计循环

    会计循环AccountingProcedure/Cycle

    会计信息系统AccountinginformationSystem

    帐户Ledger

    会计科目Account

    会计分录Journalentry

    原始凭证SourceDocument

    日记帐Journal

    总分类帐GeneralLedger

    明细分类帐SubsidiaryLedger

    试算平衡TrialBalance

    现金收款日记帐Cashreceiptjournal

    现金付款日记帐Cashdisbursementsjournal

    销售日记帐SalesJournal

    购货日记帐PurchaseJournal

    普通日记帐GeneralJournal

    工作底稿Worksheet

    调整分录Adjustingentries

    结帐Closingentries

三、现金与应收账款

    现金Cash

    银行存款Cashinbank

    库存现金Cashinhand

    流动资产Currentassets

    偿债基金Sinkingfund

    定额备用金Imprestpettycash

    支票Check(cheque)

    银行对帐单Bankstatement

    银行存款调节表Bankreconciliationstatement

    在途存款Outstandingdeposit

    在途支票Outstandingcheck

    应付凭单Voucherspayable

    应收帐款Accountreceivable

    应收票据Notereceivable

    起运点交货价F.O.Bshippingpoint

    目的地交货价F.O.Bdestinationpoint

    商业折扣Tradediscount

    现金折扣Cashdiscount

    销售退回及折让Salesreturnandallowance

    坏帐费用Baddebtexpense

    备抵法Allowancemethod

    备抵坏帐Baddebtallowance

    损益表法Incomestatementapproach

    资产负债表法Balancesheetapproach

    帐龄分析法Aginganalysismethod

    直接冲销法Directwrite-offmethod

    带息票据Interestbearingnote

    不带息票据Non-interestbearingnote

    出票人Maker

    受款人Payee

    本金Principal

    利息率Interestrate

    到期日Maturitydate

    本票Promissorynote

    贴现Discount

    背书Endorse

    拒付费Protestfeecom

四、存货

    存货Inventory

    商品存货Merchandiseinventory

    产成品存货Finishedgoodsinventory

    在产品存货Workinprocessinventory

    原材料存货Rawmaterialsinventory

    起运地离岸价格F.O.Bshippingpoint

    目的地抵岸价格F.O.Bdestination

    寄销Consignment

    寄销人Consignor

    承销人Consignee

    定期盘存Periodicinventory

    永续盘存Perpetualinventory

    购货Purchase

    购货折让和折扣Purchaseallowanceanddiscounts

    存货盈余或短缺Inventoryoveragesandshortages

    分批认定法Specificidentification

    加权平均法Weightedaverage

    先进先出法First-in,first-outorFIFO

    后进先出法Lost-in,first-outorLIFO

    移动平均法Movingaverage

    成本或市价孰低法LowerofcostormarketorLCM

    市价Marketvalue

    重置成本Replacementcost

    可变现净值Netrealizablevalue

    上限Upperlimit

    下限Lowerlimit

    毛利法Grossmarginmethod

    零售价格法Retailmethod

    成本率Costratio

五、长期投资

    长期投资Long-terminvestment

    长期股票投资Investmentonstocks

    长期债券投资Investmentonbonds

    成本法Costmethod

    权益法Equitymethod

    合并法Consolidationmethod

    股利宣布日Declarationdate

    股权登记日Dateofrecord

    除息日Ex-dividenddate

    付息日Paymentdate

    债券面值Facevalue,Parvalue

    债券折价Discountonbonds

    债券溢价Premiumonbonds

    票面利率Contractinterestrate,statedrate

    市场利率Marketinterestratio,Effectiverate

    普通股CommonStock

    优先股PreferredStock

    现金股利Cashdividends

    股票股利Stockdividends

    清算股利Liquidatingdividends

    到期日Maturitydate

    到期值Maturityvalue

    直线摊销法Straight-Linemethodofamortization

    实际利息摊销法Effective-interestmethodofamortization

六、固定资产

    固定资产PlantassetsorFixedassets

    原值Originalvalue

    预计使用年限Expectedusefullife

    预计残值Estimatedresidualvalue

    折旧费用Depreciationexpense

    累计折旧Accumulateddepreciation

    帐面价值Carryingvalue

    应提折旧成本Depreciationcost

    净值Netvalue

    在建工程Construction-in-process

    磨损Wearandtear

    过时Obsolescence

    直线法Straight-linemethod(SL)

    工作量法Units-of-productionmethod(UOP)

    加速折旧法Accelerateddepreciationmethod

    双倍余额递减法Double-decliningbalancemethod(DDB)

    年数总和法Sum-of-the-years-digitsmethod(SYD)

    以旧换新Tradein

    经营租赁Operatinglease

    融资租赁Capitallease

    廉价购买权Bargainpurchaseoption(BPO)

    资产负债表外筹资Off-balance-sheetfinancing

    最低租赁付款额Minimumleasepayments

七、无形资产

    无形资产Intangibleassets

    专利权Patents

    商标权Trademarks,Tradenames

    著作权Copyrights

    特许权或专营权Franchises

    商誉Goodwill

    开办费Organizationcost

    租赁权Leasehold

    摊销Amortization

八、流动负债

    负债Liability

    流动负债Currentliability

    应付帐款Accountpayable

    应付票据Notespayable

    贴现票据Discountnotes

    长期负债一年内到期部分Currentmaturitiesoflong-termliabilities

    应付股利Dividendspayable

    预收收益Prepaymentsbycustomers

    存入保证金Refundabledeposits

    应付费用Accrualexpense

    增值税valueaddedtax

    营业税Businesstax

    应付所得税Incometaxpayable

    应付奖金Bonusespayable

    产品质量担保负债Estimatedliabilitiesunderproductwarranties

    赠品和兑换券Premiums,couponsandtradingstamps

    或有事项Contingency

    或有负债Contingent

    或有损失Losscontingencies

    或有利得Gaincontingencies

    永久性差异Permanentdifference

    时间性差异Timingdifference

    应付税款法Taxespayablemethod

    纳税影响会计法Taxeffectaccountingmethod

    递延所得税负债法Deferredincometaxliabilitymethod

九、长期负债

    长期负债Long-termLiabilities

    应付公司债券Bondspayable

    有担保品的公司债券SecuredBonds

    抵押公司债券MortgageBonds

    保证公司债券GuaranteedBonds

    信用公司债券DebentureBonds

    一次还本公司债券TermBonds

    分期还本公司债券SerialBonds

    可转换公司债券ConvertibleBonds

    可赎回公司债券CallableBonds

    可要求公司债券RedeemableBonds

    记名公司债券RegisteredBonds

    无记名公司债券CouponBonds

    普通公司债券OrdinaryBonds

    收益公司债券IncomeBonds

    名义利率,票面利率Nominalrate

    实际利率Actualrate

    有效利率Effectiverate

    溢价Premium

    折价Discount

    面值Parvalue

    直线法Straight-linemethod

    实际利率法Effectiveinterestmethod

    到期直接偿付Repaymentatmaturity

    提前偿付Repaymentatadvance

    偿债基金Sinkingfund

    长期应付票据Long-termnotespayable

    抵押借款Mortgageloan

十、业主权益

    权益Equity

    业主权益Owner'sequity

    股东权益Stockholder'sequity

    投入资本Contributedcapital

    缴入资本Paid-incapital

    股本Capitalstock

    资本公积Capitalsurplus

    留存收益Retainedearnings

    核定股本Authorizedcapitalstock

    实收资本Issuedcapitalstock

    发行在外股本Outstandingcapitalstock

    库藏股Treasurystock

    普通股Commonstock

    优先股Preferredstock

    累积优先股Cumulativepreferredstock

    非累积优先股Noncumulativepreferredstock

    完全参加优先股Fullyparticipatingpreferredstock

    部分参加优先股Partiallyparticipatingpreferredstock

    非部分参加优先股Nonpartiallyparticipatingpreferredstock

    现金发行Issuanceforcash

    非现金发行Issuancefornoncashconsideration

    股票的合并发行Lump-sumsalesofstock

    发行成本Issuancecost

    成本法Costmethod

    面值法Parvaluemethod

    捐赠资本Donatedcapital

    盈余分配Distributionofearnings

    股利Dividend

    股利政策Dividendpolicy

    宣布日Dateofdeclaration

    股权登记日Dateofrecord

    除息日Ex-dividenddate

    股利支付日Dateofpayment

    现金股利Cashdividend

    股票股利Stockdividend

    拨款appropriation

十一、财务报表

    财务报表FinancialStatement

    资产负债表BalanceSheet

    收益表IncomeStatement

    帐户式AccountForm

    报告式ReportForm

    编制(报表)Prepare

    工作底稿Worksheet

    多步式Multi-step

    单步式Single-step

十二、财务状况变动表

    财务状况变动表中的现金基础SCFP.CashBasis

    (现金流量表)

    财务状况变动表中的营运资金基础SCFP.WorkingCapitalBasis

    (资金来源与运用表)

    营运资金WorkingCapital

    全部资源概念All-resourcesconcept

    直接交换业务Directexchanges

    正常营业活动Normaloperatingactivities

    财务活动Financingactivities

    投资活动Investingactivities

十三、财务报表分析

    财务报表分析Analysisoffinancialstatements

    比较财务报表Comparativefinancialstatements

    趋势百分比Trendpercentage

    比率Ratios

    普通股每股收益Earningspershareofcommonstock

    股利收益率Dividendyieldratio

    价益比Price-earningsratio

    普通股每股帐面价值Bookvaluepershareofcommonstock

    资本报酬率Returnoninvestment

    总资产报酬率Returnontotalasset

    债券收益率Yieldrateonbonds

    已获利息倍数Numberoftimesinterestearned

    债券比率Debtratio

    优先股收益率Yieldrateonpreferredstock

    营运资本WorkingCapital

    周转Turnover

    存货周转率Invent

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