广东高考英语语法填空宝典学生版.docx
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广东高考英语语法填空宝典学生版
语法填空答题规律
一、命题揭秘
材料短文特点
(1)短文体裁:
近三年都是记叙文。
建议:
备考练习不局限于此,应各种体裁的文章都要练习。
(2)短文题材:
生活经历或成语故事,其内容或体现文化内涵,或给人心灵以启迪等。
(3)短文难度:
没有超出课标的生词,但有课标单词的派生词。
(4)短文长度:
170——200词。
考试大纲说明
阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31~40的相应位置上.
近四年广东语法填空考点分布情况
知识点分布
动词(含非谓语)
形容词
连词
介词
代词
冠词
名词
2009
3
0
1
2
2
1
1
2010
2
3
2
1
1
1
0
2011
2
2
2
1
2
1
0
2012
2
2
3
1
1
1
0
2009年语法填空
本文讲叙Jane在圣诞节给父亲选礼物,因往年送父亲领带不能使父亲高兴,满以为这次买烟斗送父亲会让父亲高兴的,买回来后却被告知父亲戒烟了。
Janewaswalkingroundthedepartmentstore.Sherememberedhowdifficult 31 wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.Shewishedthathewasaseasy 32 (please)ashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume.
Besides,shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnot 33 pleasantexperience:
peoplesteppedonyourfeetor 34 (push)youwiththeirelbows(肘部),34'(hurry)aheadtogettoabargain.
Janepausedinfrontofacounter 35 someattractivetieswereondisplay.“Theyarerealsilk,”theassistanttriedtoattracther.“Worthdoubletheprice.”ButJaneknewfrompastexperiencethather 36 (choose)oftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather.
Janestoppedwhereasmallcrowdofmenhadgathered.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes 37 sale.Shedidnothesitateforlong:
althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile,sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtoplease 38 .
WhenJanegothome,withhersmallbutwell-chosenpresentinherbag,herparentswerealready 39 tablehavingsupper.Hermotherwasexcited.“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking,”Jane 40 (inform).
2008年语法填空
ChineseproverbsarerichandtheyarestillwidelyusedinChinesepeople’sdailylife.31theseproverbsthereareofteninterestingstories.Forexample,theproverb,“pluckingupacrop32(help)itgrow”,isbasedonthefollowingstory.
Itissaidthatashort-temperedmanintheSongDynasty(960—1279)wasveryanxioustohelp33ricecropgrowupquickly.Hewasthinkingabout34dayandnight.Butthecropwasgrowingmuchslowerthanheexpected.
Oneday,hecameupwithanidea35hewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.Hedidsothenextday.
Hewasverytired 36 doingthisforawholeday, 37 hefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow” 38 (high).
Hissonheardaboutthisandwenttoseethecrop.Unfortunatelytheleavesofthecropbegantowither.
Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir 39 (nature)course.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften 40 (result)inthecontrarytoourintention.
2012年语法填空
Marywilleverforgetthefirsttimeshesawhim.Hesuddenlyappearedinclassoneday, __16_(wear)sunglasses.Hewalkedinasifhe__17___(buy)theschool,AndthewordquicklygotaroundthathewasfromNewYorkCity.
ForsomereasonhesatbesideMary.Maryfelt__18 _(please),becausethereweremanyemptyseatsintheroom.Butshequicklyrealizedthatitwasn’ther,itwasprobablythefactthatshesatin__19___lastrow.
_ 20__hethoughthecouldescapeattentionbysittingattheback,hewaswrong.Itmighthavemadeitalittle__21__(hard)foreverybodybecauseitmeanttheyhadtoturnaround,butthatdidn’tstopthekidsintheclass.Ofcoursewhenevertheyturnedtolookathim,theyhadtolookatMary,_22_madeherfeellikeastar.
“Doyouneedthoseglassesformedicalreasons?
”theteacherasked.Thenewboyshookhishead.”ThenI’dappreciateitifyoudidn’tweartheminclass.IliketolookatyoureyeswhenI’mspeakingtoyou.”Thenewboylookedattheteacher__23__afewsecondsandalltheotherstudentswondered__24__theboywoulddo.Thenhetook__25_off,gaveabigsmileandsaid“Thatiscool."
2013年高考惠州第三次调研测试题
阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16-25的相应位置上。
Whilemanyyoungpeoplewereenjoyingthefinalweeksofsummervacation,Zach Bonnerwasworkinghishardest. AccordingtotheSt.PetersburgTimes,ZachstartedwalkingfromValrico,Florida,hishometown,onChristmas,2009,andsteppedovertheLosAngelescitylineninemonthslaterinSeptember,coveringatotalof2,478miles16_____ raisingcloseto$120,000forkidsinneed. Alongtheway,Zachattendedschoolonline,thankstohismother,LaurieBonner,andbrotherandsister17_____ alternatedwalkinganddrivingalongsidehim. Despite18_____ age, Zachhasalonghistoryofhelpingothers.19 _____HurricaneCharleyhithishometownin2004,Zach,thensix,pulledawagonthroughhisneighborhood20_______(collect)foodforstormvictims.Sincethen,he21_____ (raise)some$400,000forhistax-exemptLittleRedWagonFoundation,22______givesmoneytoprojectsaiding23_____ (home)andtroubledchildren.In2007,Zachbeganwalkingtosupportachildren'scharityinFlorida,24 _____ (finish)hisjourney23 dayslater,280 milesawayinTallahassee.Then25_____ thesummerof2009,hewalkedabout670milesfromAtlantatoWashington,D.C.,injusttwomonths.Whatreallykeepsmegoingis26_____ kids,"Zachhassaid."Theydon'tgettosay,‘I'mtiredofbeinghomeless.'SowhyshouldIgettoquit?
"
16.______17._______18._______ 19._______ 20._______
21._______22._______23._______24.______25._______
26._______(赠送一个空,希望做对)
三个解题步骤
(1)通读全文,了解大意。
步骤:
概读理解–分析填空–连贯检查
既然是利用语篇在语境中考语法,那么,我们在解题前,应快速浏览短文,了解全文大意,这一步非常重要。
(2)分析思路
词法——句法——篇章——惯用法
(3)试填空格,后难先易。
读懂短文之后,要结合短文所提供的特定的语境(也就是上下文),从句子结构的完整性去分析思考空格所缺单词的词性,再根据句子的意义,以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定具体要填的单词和所给词的正确形式。
具体方法,请看以下“解题思路大全”。
(4)重读全文,解决难题。
在解题过程中要先易后难,难题在大部分空格填好后,再经过仔细推敲,难题也就不会再难了。
所有空格填好后,把整篇文章从头至尾复读一遍。
(5)通读全文,理解大意;检查搭配,前后连贯;根据篇章,确定语义;分析句子,确定词性;
语法填空的答题过程归根到底其实就是寻找依据.每一个语法填空的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依据。
三、答题思路
(1)纯空格试题。
首先,分析句子结构确定填哪类词。
然后,根据句子的意思,确定具体填什么词;根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。
我们知道,语法填空空格在形式上主要有二种类型:
(1)纯空格题(无提示词):
通常考——冠词、代词(形容词性物主代词、人称代词、不定代词、指示代词、反身代词)、介词、和连词、从句引导词。
(2)用括号中所给词填空:
通常考——谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致、.非谓语动词、词类转换等。
两个分句结构连接,考查语法点:
各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法
1.…Theexam,________wasoriginallytobeheldinourclassroom,waschangedtothelibraryatthelastminute.(08广州二模)
2…theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullittoasmalltownsome20kilometresaway________therewasagarage.(2007广东高考)
3.Itissuchanimportantissue______wecouldn’taffordtoignore.(08仲元)
4.Weshouldn’tspendourmoneytestingsomanypeople,mostof________arehealthy.
(08茂名二模)
四、具体分析方法
(一)纯空格题
1、缺主语或宾语,一定是填代词或名词(多考代词)。
[例1]IcansendamessagetoKenyawheneverIwantto,and__38_getstherealmostinasecond.(茂名一模)
2、名词前是空格,若该名词前没有限定词,很可能是填冠词his,their等形容词性物主代词,或some,any,other(s),another等限定词。
[例2]Itissaidthatashort-temperedmanintheSongDynasty(960—1279)wasveryanxioustohelp__33ricecropgrowupquickly.(2008年广东高考)
[例3]…theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto__35_smalltownsome20kilometresawaywheretherewasagarage.(2007年广东高考)
[例4] Thelittleboypulled[33]________righthandoutofthepocket…
[例5]…whoshouldhavethehonourofreceivingme33 aguestintheirhouse.(2007年广东高考)
4、若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词,可能是填连词。
[例6]…twoworld-famousartists,PabloPicasso 34 CandidoPortinari,whichareworthmillionsofdollars.
[例7]…allIsawwasthisbeautifulgirl,whosesmilejustmeltedme 36 almostinstantlygavemeacompletelynewsenseofwhatlifeisallabout.(2008年深圳一模)
5、若两句(一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间没有连词,也没有分号或句号,一定是填连接词。
[例8]Iwantedtoseeasmuchofthecityaspossibleinthetwodays 32 IwastoreturntoGuangzhou.(2008年广州一模)
[例9]Hewasverytiredafterdoingthisforawholeday, 37 hefeltveryhappy…(2008年广东高考)
6、若结构较完整,空格后的谓语动词是原形,特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时,很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词(do,does,did等)。
[例10Whatisacceptableinonecountry 31 beconsideredextremelyrudeinanother.(珠三角五校联考)
[例11]Hehadnotimeorenergytoplaywithhischildrenortalkwithhiswife,buthe________bringhomearegularsalary.
7、若缺状语,一定是填副词(在纯空中考的可能性不大)。
8、由特殊的句式结构来判断空格应填的词。
(1)由itis…that…强调结构形式,判断填it还是that。
[例12]…and 40 wasonlyafterIheardshebecamesickthatIlearnedshecouldn’teatMSG(味精)!
(广州一模)
(2)由倒装句式判断,是填构成倒装的条件的only,so,neither,nor,never,hardly,seldom,not,until,had等,还是填do,does,did等。
[例13]_______withhardworkcanyouexpecttogetpayrise.
(3)由it作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断,空格处是否填it。
如:
[例14]…as 32 tookthemjustthreeminutestostealpaintingsbytwoworld-famousartists…(2008年佛山二模)
[例15]Datingsitesalsomake 36 easytoavoidsomeonewhomyouarenotinterestedin.(2008年惠州二模)
(4)so/such…that…句型。
如:
[例16]Thismadethegoatsojealous___34___itbeganplottingagainst(谋划对付)thedonkey.(2007年惠州二模)
(5)more…than…(与其说……不如说……,比……更……)句型。
[例17]Cynthia’sstoryshowsvividlythatpeopleremembermorehowmuchamanagercares 40 howmuchhepays.(深圳宝安期末)
(二)给出了动词的试题。
1、动词不在主语或宾语的位置
首先,判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。
然后按以下两点进行思考。
若句中没有别的谓语动词,或者虽然已有谓语动词,但需填的动词与之是并列关系时,所给动词就是谓语动词;若是谓语动词,就要考虑时态语态。
[例18]Hisfearoffailure____36____(keep)himfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedwithjoyousabandon.(2008年深圳一模)
[例19]ThatwasdefinitelynotanattractiveideasoIpolitelydeclinedherinvitation, 40 (close)mybookandwalkedaway.(2008年广州一模)
[例20]InLogan,threepeople__38__(take)toahospital,whileothersweretreatedatalocalclinic.(梅州二模)
2、作主语或宾语,通常用—ing形式表示习惯或一般情况,用不定式表示具体的情况。
[例21]…butitisnotenoughonly 35 (memorize)rulesfromagrammarbook.(佛山一模)
[例20]_______(speak)outyourinnerfeelingwon’tmakeyoufeelashamed,onthecontrary…
3、作