Issue 分类总结 文化类.docx

Issue 分类总结 文化类.docx

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Issue分类总结文化类

文化类

207"Ritualsandceremonieshelpdefineaculture.Withoutthem,societiesorgroupsofpeoplehaveadiminishedsenseofwhotheyare."

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Onepurposeofritualandceremonyistopreserveculturalidentity.However,thisisnottheironlypurpose,norareritualandceremonytheonlymeansofpreservingculturalidentity.

A.Iagreewiththespeakerinsofarasonepurposeofritualandceremonyintoday'sworldistopreserveculturalidentity.

B.Preservingculturalidentitycannotbethemerepurposeofritualandceremony.Infact,isolatedculturesthatdonotneedtodistinguishthemselvestopreservetheiridentityneverthelessengageintheirowndistinctritualsandceremonies.Theinitialpurposeofritualandceremonyisrootednotinculturalidentitybutrathersuperstitionandspiritualbelief.

C.Ritualandceremonyarenottheonlymeansofpreservingculturalidentity.

Inamodernworldfullofpragmatismandexpediencyweareoccasionallyatalossabouttheculturewearelivinginandultimateaimwearestrivingfor,perhapsourZeitgeistisone"withoutspiritandidealism",butifonedaywefoutunatelywatchsomeceremoniesandritualsinTelevisionintheinterludeofourhastybusinesslifeweareeasytobefacinatedbythefull-bodiedflavorofcultureandspiritualimpact,onlythenshallwerealizetheparamountfunctionofritualsandceremoniesintheclarificationofourcultureandidentificationofourselvesespeciallyinthismodernsociety.

ThemostadamantevidencetostrengthenmypointcomesfromtheveryexistenceofourGreatHistory.Ourcultureisnotanisolatedoneemergingatit'snascenttimewiththeplushedificesandlimousines,onthecontrary,It'saculturewithalonghistoryeversincetheGenesis.Andourmindis,insomesense,dominatedbythe"collectiveunconciousness"derivedfromthelonghistoryandcultureofourprogenitors,thoughweasmodernpersonsmayseemtoknownothingaboutthetruestoryeverhappeninginthelongriverofhistory.Butwhathelpourancestorspreservetheculturefortheirungratefulprogeny?

Thekeyanswermaylieintheceremoniesandritualsthroughtwhichgenerationsofculturesandmoreshavepassedandbeenestablished.Itismostapparentinourfestivalsandholidayswhenwemakeprayersandblesses;acturalllywedonotmeantodoanythingserious,buttheveryactionsintheformofritualsandceremonieswouldidentifusasAmericans,ChineseorAfricanaboriginal.AnAmericanboyparticipatesintheceremoniesinachristianchurch,whileaChinesegirlmayprayinaritualinthememoriesoftheMonkeyKing（aPopularGodinChina）.Alltheseindicatethatceremoniesandritualsdreiviedfromhistoryaretheremindersofourculture.

Inaddtition,ceremoniesandritualswillalwaysarouseanaestheticsensebesidesitshistoricalfunction.Withtheinnermostbeautytheceremoniesandritualswillfurthermorestrengthentheidentificationofourselves,thusmakeourselvesmeltintoapermanantbeingwithourculture,ourlifeandevenourultimategoaloflife.Throughthisfunctionthecremoniesandritualswillcombineitselfwiththemodernscienceandevenpost-modernart.JusttakealookatoneofthegreatestritualsandceremoniesextantinChina:

GreatWallCeremoniesinBeijingwhichisinmemoryofthefirstGreatEmperorQin.Intheceremony,thousandsofpersonsintheancientgarmentsstandonthetopofthe"GreatWall",whichisnotonlyarepititionofthebrilliantAncientChinabutappearsasabeautifulscenethatwillneverbepresentedinanotherform.Fromthiswecanreallizethattheaestheticsenseoftheritualsandceremoniesisanotherintegratedcomponentofourlifewithoutwhichwewillperhapsloseanopportuinitytoadmireourdistinctcultureandthusmaynotidentifywhoweare.

Finally,amodernsocietyandformationofaninternaltionalvilliagefurtherrevealsthesignificanceofprovingusasahumanandamemberoftheculturefeaturedbybothvarietyandunity.

Ifweaskourselveswhoweare,wewillfirstanswerwithoutanyhesitationthatwearehumanbeings.Butwithoutcultureweareatmostcalledsomekindsofanthropoids,inthissensetheceremoniesandritualsindicatethatwearethedwellersofthisplanetandwearelivinginasuccessionofgenerationswithefforttofightforacommanwelfare,andmostimportant,wearecreatureswithspiritanddreamsinsteadofsheereconomicanimals.Perhapsceremoniesandritualsarenotsohermeticalandoccultastheyappear,onthecontrary,theywillservetherealisticfunctioninoursecularworldtohealour"modernail".Andthroughthevarietiesofritualsandcremoniesunderdifferentculturesthehumanbeingwouldfurtherunderstandthatwecannotonlydistingguishourownculturebutalsofindthatwestandasawholetobehumanbeing,fosteringadreamtomaketheearthaparadise.That'sexactlywhatmostceremoniesandritulscontributetousinmodernsociety.

Inconclusion,weshouldherebycherishourextantceremoniesandritualstoserveourmodernlifeinthattheywouldverylikelyhelpanswerthequetionfrequentlyaskedbyeverymodernhunmanbeing:

"whoamIandwhatamIlivingfor".（739）

1.Therearequitelotwaysotherthanritualsandceremoniesforustotransferandcontinueacertainculture:

eg.representativeofChinesecultrueliesinseveralformsbesidesritualsandceremonies:

arts,folkloresandcraftscanalsobetheessentialpartofthechinesecultrue.thewashes,needleworks,poems,martialarts,chinesemedicinecontributenotonlythegreatpartofChinesecultruebutalsothetreasureofthewholeworld.

2.sometimesritualsandceremoniesareeverycommoninseveralcultures.TheancientGreekandChristianismhadgreatimpactindevelopingEuropeancultures.mostoftheseculturesderivedtheessentialpartsoftheancientGreekculture,theyarequitecommoninmanyaspects:

theweddingceremoniesandsacringwhilequitedifferentintheirlocalfeatureinfluencedbygeographicalandclimate.forexample,peopleinNorwayaremoreliketoshowstheirfortitudeandtoleranceintheirculturefeaturessuchasdancesandsongs.however,theIrishfavorstoshowtheirpassionandactivity.inthisaspect,ritualandceremoniescannotbethemostdistinctivecharacteristicstorepresentcertaincultures.

3.however,ritualsandceremoniesareabsolutelynecessarilyinanyculture.theritualsarethemostimortantpartofthereligionandtheceremoniesdealwithspeicalsocialevents.instudyingacertainculture,thesetwofeaturescannotbeneglected.

Nowadayswiththeexpediencyoftransportations,it’smoreandmorecomfortableforpeopletobecomemoremobilethanever.Onemayfindhimselfconvenientlylocatedinanothercontinentafteranight’sflightsleep.Thewholeglobefeelsjustlikeavillage,andonewon’tfeelmuchdifficultyinminglinghimselfintothenewenvironmentthoughhemightneedtoswitchhislanguagechannelautomatically.

However,thispartofthevillagedoesn’tlookthesameashisoldresidentialarea.PeopleherearecelebratingtheChristmasDay.WheninRome,doastheRomansdo,soheimmediatelyjoinsinthelocalceremony,singingachantalongwiththeotherinhabitants.Heis,ofcourse,repeatedlyremindedofthedifferenceofthisceremonyfromthatofhislocalplace,wherepeoplewillhavetoeatjiaoziatmidnightafteranotheronemonthortwo.Theceremonykeepshimawareofhisidentity,heisaChinese,whilethelandhehaslandedonisaso-called“westernsociety”,theUnitedStatestobespecific.ThecultureshereisofstrongChristiancolor,theypraytoGodtoooften;whilepeoplearoundhisplacewouldgotoatempletoshowtheirrespecttoGuanYin,aChineseGoddess.

Theaboveexamplecanshowthefunctionofritualsandceremoniesindefiningaculture.Withoutthem,societiesorgroupsofpeoplehaveadiminishedsenseofwhotheyare,butnottoaseriousortragicdegree.Therearestillmanyotherfactorsotherthanritualsandceremonieswhichhelpdefineaculture,suchasthevernacularpeoplespeak,traditionalartisticmanualworkinembroideryinChina,orspaghettiandpizzainItaly,whicharenotexactlyritualsorceremony,butsignificantinthefieldoflocalartorcuisineorwhatevertodefinetheiruniqueculture.

Thefactis,thestrongerthetrendofglobalizationis,themoreurgentpeople’sneedsforasenseoftheiridentityandforretainingtheirtraditionalcultureare.Theyareconsciousoftheindelibleroleritualsandceremonyplayinkeepingaculturealiveandattachingagroupofpeopleofasocietythroughthis.Withoutthem,thesenseofwhotheyaremightbediminished.Atthesametime,itisadvisablethattheyalsoexploresomeothervaluabletiestokeepthemunitedinawaysoastoshowtheworldtheirinvaluableethniccharacteristics.Thereshouldbemanyofthesetobefoundeffectivelyiftheydohaveaprofoundcultureandifsomeoftheirpeoplearetrulycommittedtothiscause.

Disagree

1.itistruethatritualsandceremonies,suchaspilgrimage,willreflectpeople’sbeliefsandsoon.Theseritualsandceremoniescantellaforeignersomethingaboutthatsociety’sculture.Wedrawthelargepictureofaculturebypeople’sregularlygoingtochurches.Weknowasociety’sattitudestowardeducationbyitsmagnificentgraduationceremonies.Andwealsoknow,specifically,theatmosphereoffreedomthroughAmerica’spresidentialcandidateceremoniesandinaugurationsofpresidents.Moreover,besidestheseritualsandceremonies,wecanalsogetalargepictureofasociety’sculture.Byacquaintingwiththefactthatthemotto“webelieveingod”carvedintheUS