福建省永春县第一中学等校学年高一上学期月考英语试题.docx

福建省永春县第一中学等校学年高一上学期月考英语试题.docx

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福建省永春县第一中学等校学年高一上学期月考英语试题

永春一中高一年10月月考英语试卷（2017.10）

命题老师：

李长余总分150分。

考试时间120分钟。

本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

第I卷（三部分，共100分）

第一部分听力（共两节,每小题1.5分，满分30分）

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡将该选项涂黑。

A

TeadrinkingwascommoninChinafornearlyonethousandyearsbeforeanyoneinEuropehadeverheardabouttea.PeopleinBritainweremuchslowerinfindingoutwhatteawaslike,mainlybecauseteawasveryexpensive.ItcouldnotbeboughtinshopsandeventhosepeoplewhocouldaffordtohaveitsentfromHollanddidsoonlybecauseitwasafashionablecuriosity.Someofthemwerenotsurehowtouseit.Theythoughtitwasavegetableandtriedcookingtheleaves.Thentheyservedthemmixedwithbutterandsalt.Theysoondiscoveredtheirmistakebutmanypeopleusedtospreadtheusedtealeavesonbreadandgivethemtotheirchildrenassandwiches.

TearemainedscarceandveryexpensiveinEnglanduntiltheshipsoftheEastIndiaCompanybegantobringitdirectfromChinaearlyintheseventeenthcentury.Duringthenextfewyearssomuchteacameintothecountrythatthepricefellandmanypeoplecouldaffordtobuyit.

AtthesametimepeopleontheContinentwerebecomingmoreandmorefondoftea.Untilthenteahadbeendrunkwithoutmilkinit,butonedayafamousFrenchladynamedMadamedeSevignedecidedtoseewhatteatastedlikewhenmilkwasadded.Shefounditsopleasantthatshewouldneveragaindrinkitwithoutmilk.Becauseshewassuchagreatladythatherfriendsthoughttheymustcopyeverythingshedid,theyalsodranktheirteawithmilkinit.SlowlythishabitspreaduntilitreachedEnglandandtodayonlyveryfewBritonsdrinkteawithoutmilk.

Atfirst,teawasusuallydrunkafterdinnerintheevening.Nooneeverthoughtofdrinkingteaintheafternoonuntiladuchess（公爵夫人）foundthatacupofteaandapieceofcakeatthreeorfouro’clockstoppedhergetting“asinkingfeeling”asshecalledit.Sheinvitedherfriendstohavethisnewmealwithherandso,tea-timewasborn.

21.Thispassagemainlydiscusses.

A.thehistoryofteadrinkinginBritain

B.howteabecameapopulardrinkinBritain

C.howtheBritonsgotthehabitofdrinkingtea

D.howtea-timewasborn

22.TeabecameapopulardrinkinBritain.

A.inthesixteenthcentury

B.intheseventeenthcentury

C.intheeighteenthcentury

D.inthelateseventeenthcentury

23.WemayinferfromthepassagethatthehabitofdrinkingteainBritainwasmostlyduetotheinfluenceof.

A.afamousFrenchlady

B.theancientChinese

C.theupper（上层的）socialclass

D.peopleinHolland

B

It’sfiveminutesbeforetheexamandyouareinastateofpanic.Youjusthavetopassit,buthow?

Youdidn’tevenopenthebookthenightbeforeandyouhearavoiceinyourheadsaying“Cheat,cheat...”Sowhatareyougoingtodo,ignoreitandfailorgoforit?

It’satoughdecisionmanystudentsmustmake.

Mostyoungpeoplebelievethatcheatingiswrong.However,theyhavecheatedatleastonceintheirhighschoolyears.So,whydotheydoit?

Aretheytoolazytostudy?

Perhaps,it’snotassimpleasthat.Accordingtosomeexperts,onemainreasonwhystudentscheatisthattheyseetheirfriendsgetawaywithit.It’saneasywayout.Theyavoidembarrassmentandtheirparents’angerfornotdoingwellinanexam.Anotherreasonisthatstudentsthinkit’sOKtocheatifthesubjectisn’timportantfortheirfuturecareer.What’smore,moststudentshavetoputupwiththepressureofgettingintouniversity.Theyneedtogetgoodmarkstocarryonwiththeirstudies.Thismeansthattherewillalwaysbestudentswhowilldoanythingforabettermark.

Ithasneverbeeneasiertocheatthanitistoday.Withallthetechnologyavailable,studentsneedn’tcheatbylookingovertheirshouldersanymore.Theyusemobilephonestosendanswerstoeachotherduringatest.ThereisalsotheInternet.Withhundredsofwebsites,studentsdon’thavetoworrybecausetheycanfindlotsofmaterialwhichtheycancopyanduseinprojects.Thereareeventipsontheartofcheatinginexams.

Obviously,ifyougetcaughtcheating,youfailtheexamorthesubject.Butitdoesn’treallymatterwhetheryougetcaughtornot.What’simportantisthatit’swrong.Youmustn’tcheatbecausecheatingisalie.Itdeceives（欺骗）peopleintothinkingyouknowmorethanyouactuallydo.Howcanyoubeproudofsomethingyouhaveachievedthroughcheating?

Intheend,it’snotaboutdeceivingyourteachersandyourparents,butaboutfoolingyourselfthatyoucandosomethingyoureallycan’t.

24.Thetoughdecisionthatmanystudentshavetomakebeforeanexamis .

A.howtocheat  

B.whattodoiftheyfail

C.whethertocheatornot

D.howtokeepcalm

25.Accordingtosomeexperts,whichisoneofthereasonsthatmakestudentsdecidetocheat?

A.Theythinkthesubjectisimportantenoughfortheirfuture.

B.Withallthetechnologyavailable,theyfinditeasytocheat.

C.Theywillbemadefunofbytheirfriendsiftheydon’tcheat.

D.Theysufferfromgreatpressureofcarryingonwiththeirstudies.

26.Theworstthingaboutcheatingisthat .

A.youcangetcaughtandfail

B.you cheatothersandyourself 

C.yougiveothersabadimpression 

D.yourteacherwillinformyourparents

27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Cheatingcanbeexplainedbutnotexcused.

B.Studentshavefoundnewwaystocheat

C.Studentscheattogetintouniversity.

D.Cheatingisasocialandpsychologicalproblem.

C

Theytelluswhentogetuporwhenwe’rerunninglateforworkandwhetherweareindangerofmissingourfavoriteTVprogram.Butwhileourdailyactivitiesrelyonclocksthattellusthetime,scienceisdiscoveringthatourwell-beingisinfluencedbyaverydifferentkindoftimepiece.Circadianrhythms---thehumanbody’sowninternal（体内的）clock---haveapowerfulinfluenceonourhealthandbehavior.Theyareprogrammedfrombirthandcontrolfunctionsrangingfromtemperatureandbloodpressuretosleeppatterns.

Inrecentyearsresearchershavealsodiscoveredthatthisbuilt-inmechanism（内在机制）caninfluenceeverythingfromthewaywereacttomedicinestohowwellwelearnmusic.

Thelatestexample,fromexpertsatHarvardUniversityintheUS,showsthatthehumanbodyclockcaneveninfluencewhetherornotwearelikelytotellthetruth.Researchersfounditwaseasierforpeopletotellliesintheafternoonbecause,astheyweretired,theselfcontrolthatwouldnormallypreventthemfromlyingstartedtobreakdown.Tirednessmadeiteasierforthemtotelllies---especiallyifitmeanttheygotafinancialrewardattheend.

“Thebodyclockhasagreateffectonusall,”saysProfessorJimHornefromtheSleepResearchCentreatLoughboroughUniversity.“Mostpeopletendtofeelgoodaroundlatemorningandthendeclineintheearlyafternoon.Butthetimemostofuswillfeeloursharpestisbetween6pmand8pm.That’sbecausesleepinesstendstobuildupthroughouttheday.Byearlyeveningourbodyclockkicksintowakeusup.Onereasonmaybetoensurewegethomesafely.Whenourancestors（祖先）werecominghomeafterhuntingalldaytheirinternalclockskickedintogetthemhomeinonepiece.”

Sowhateffectsdocircadianrhythmshaveandwhat’sthebesttimeofdaytotakeadvantageofthem?

28.Theunderlinedword“They”inthefirstparagraphrefersto.

A.ourclocksB.scientistsandexperts

C.ourdailyroutinesD.circadianrhythms

29.TheresearchreferredtoinParagraph3foundthatpeopletendto.

A.telllieswhentheyaretired

B.tellliesiftheyarerewarded

C.getangryastheybecometired

D.breakdownbecausetheyaretired

30.Accordingtothepassage,whenarepeoplemostquick-thinking?

A.Inthemorning.B.Aroundmidday.

C.Inthelateafternoon.D.Intheearlyevening.

31.Whatinformationwillthewriterprobablypresentfollowingthelastparagraph?

A.Somepracticalsuggestionstopreventpeoplefromlying.

B.Examplesofhowthehumanbodyclockscontrolthebody.

C.Examplesofthemostsuitabletimetododifferentactivities.

D.Anexplanationofhowthehumanbodyclockcontrolsthebody.

D

Atelescope（望远镜）,calledGaia,isbeingdesignedbyastronomersinEurope,anditcouldn’tbemoredifferentfromPan-STARRS,whichisanothertelescopebeingdesigned.WhilePan-STARRSwillbelookingforasteroids（小行星）andcometsheadedforEarth,Gaiawillbelookingatourentiregalaxy（银河系）.

GaiaisdesignedtodrawamapoftheMilkyWay,ourhomegalaxy.Justasamapofyourtowngivesyouapictureofwherethingsarelocated,Gaia’smapofthegalaxywilltellastronomerswherethestarsare.Overfiveyears,Gaiawillobserve（观察）aboutabillionstarsandotherobjectsinourgalaxy.Eachobjectwillbeobservedabout70times.

Gaiawillbesentintospaceconnectedtoarocket.Itcontainstwotelescopes,eachfocusedatadifferentangle（角度）.ThesetwotelescopesactlikeGaia’s“eyes”.Thereasonwhyhumanscanseethingsin3Disthatwehavetwoeyesfocusedonthesameobject,atslightlydifferentangles.Byusingtwotelescopeslikeeyes,Gaiacanproducethefirst3Dmapofthepositionsofthestarsitviews.

Gaia,whichistobesentintospacein2011,willbeapowerfultelescope.IfyouweretouseitonEarth,forexample,youcouldstand600milesawayfromyourbestfriendsandstillgetaclearpictureoftheirhair.

Gaiaisoneofmorethanadozentelescopesbeingdesignedbyscientistsrightnow.Thenextgenerationoftelescopeswillrevealnewpartsofouruniversethatwillseemsurprising.Theuniverse,withallitsplanets,starsando