河北省石家庄裕华区高考英语 阅读类一轮练习9 2.docx

河北省石家庄裕华区高考英语 阅读类一轮练习9 2.docx

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河北省石家庄裕华区高考英语阅读类一轮练习92

石家庄裕华区2016高考英语阅读类一轮练习（9）

阅读理解。

阅读下列短文,从给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项。

TheArcticisapolarregion.ItsurroundstheNorthPole.

LikeAntarctica，theArcticisalandoficeandsnow.Antarcticaholdstherecordforalowtemperaturereading125degreesFahrenheitbelowzero.Readingof85degreesbelowzeroarecommoninboththeArcticandAntarctica.Wintertemperaturesaverage30degreesbelowzerointheArctic.AttheSouthPolethewinteraverageisabout73degreesbelowzero.

OnethingalonemakesitalmostimpossibleformentoliveinAntarcticaandinpartsoftheArctic.Thisonethingisthelowtemperature—thekillingchillofthefarNorthandthepolarSouth.

Tosurvive，menmustwearthewarmestpossibleclothing.Theymustbuildwindproofshelters.Theymustkeepheatersgoingatalltimes.Notevenforamomentcantheybeunprotectedagainstthebelowzerotemperatures.

Menhaveawayofprovidingforthemselves.Polarexplorerswrapthemselvesinwarmcoatsandfurs.Thecoldmakeslifedifficult，buttheexplorerscanstayalive.

Whataboutanimals？

Cantheysurvive？

Dowefindplants？

DowefindlifeintheArcticandinAntarctica？

Yes，wedo.Thereislifeintheoceans.Thereislifeonland.

Antarctica，aswehaveseen，isacoldplaceindeed.Butthishasnotalwaysbeenthecase.ExpeditionscientistshavediscoveredthatAntarcticahasnotalwaysbeenafrozencontinent.AtonetimetheweatherinAntarcticamayhavebeenmuchlikeourown.

ExplorershavediscoveredcoalinAntarctica.ThisleadsthemtobelievethatAntarcticaatonetimewasalandofswampsandforests.Heatandmoisturemusthavekeptthetreesintheforestsalive.

1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“chill”probablymean?

A．coldnessB．coolness

C．dampD．desert

答案：

A　猜测词义题。

根据前面的thelowtemperature可知这个画线词表示“寒冷”。

2．OneofthereasonswhythereisnomanlivinginAntarcticaandinpartsoftheArcticisthat________.

A．therearenowildlifethere

B．therearenominerals

C．theyareextremelycold

D．theyarehardtoaccess

答案：

C　细节理解题。

根据第三段可知极度寒冷使人们不可能生活在南极和北极的部分地区。

3．Accordingtothepassage，whichstatementisTRUE?

A．ThelowesttemperatureoftheworldisintheArctic.

B．TosurviveinthePoles，theexplorerswearthewarmestpossibleclothing.

C．Antarcticahasalwaysbeenacoldplace.

D．CoalhasbeenfoundintheArctic.

答案：

B　细节理解题。

根据“Polarexplorerswrapthemselvesinwarmcoatsandfurs.”可知B项符合题意。

4．Ifyouareexploringthepolarregion，youneedto______.

A．wearonlyfurs

B．buildawindproofshelter

C．useheaterssometimes

D．liveingroups

答案：

B　事实细节题。

根据第四段和第五段可知。

社会生活类阅读理解。

Toerrishuman.Toblametheotherguyisevenmorehuman.

Commonsenseisnotallthatcommon.

Whytellthetruthwhenyoucancomeupwithagoodexcuse?

Thesethreepopularmisquotes（戏谑的引语）aremeanttobejokes,andyettheytellusalotabouthumannature.Toerr,ortomakemistakes,isindeedapartofbeinghuman,butitseemsthatmostpeopledon’twanttoaccepttheresponsibilityforhavingmadeamistake.Theynaturallylookforsomeoneelsewhocouldberesponsiblefortheproblem.Perhapsitisthenaturalthingtodo.Theoriginalquoteabouthumannaturewentlikethis:

　“Toerrishuman,toforgive,divine（神圣的）.”Thissayingmirrorsanideal:

　peopleshouldbeforgivingofothers’mistakes.Instead,wetendtodotheopposite—findsomeoneelsetopasstheblameonto.However,takingresponsibilityforsomethingthatwentwrongisamarkofgreatmaturity.

Commonsenseiswhatwecallclearthought.Havingcommonsensemeanshavingagoodgeneralplanthatwillmakethingsworkwell,anditalsomeansstayingwiththeplan.Commonsensetellsyouthatyoutakeanumbrellaoutintoarainstorm,butyouleavetheumbrellahomewhenyouhearaweatherforecastforsunshine.Commonsensedoesnotseemtobecommonforlargeorganizations,becausetherearesomanythingsgoingonthatonepersoncannotbeinchargeofeverything.Peoplesaythatinalargecompany,“therighthanddoesnotknowwhatthelefthandisdoing."

Andwhatiswrongwithasocietythatthinksthatmakingupagoodexcuseislikecreatingaworkofart?

Oneofthecommonproblemswithmakingexcusesisthatpeople,especiallyyoungpeople,gettheideathatit’sokaynottobetotallyhonestallthetime.Thereisacorollary（直接推论）tothat:

　ifagoodexcuseis“good”evenifitisn’thonest,thenwhereistheplaceofthetruth?

1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingseemsthemosthuman?

A.Tosearchfortruth.

B.Toachieveone’sideal.

C.Tomakefunofothers’mistakes.

D.Tocriticizeothersforone’sownerror.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisasignofaman’smaturity?

A.Doingthingshisownway.

B.Bearingresponsibilityforhismistakes.

C.Makingasfewmistakesaspossible.

D.Thinkingseriouslyabouthiswrongdoings.

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTbasedoncommonsense?

A.Amantriestotakechargeofeverythinginalargecompany.

B.Astudentgoesoutwithanumbrellainstormyweather.

C.Acompany’snextmovefollowsagoodplan.

D.Alawyeractsonfinejudgments.

4.Whatistheauthor’sopinionaboutagoodexcuse?

A.Makingagoodexcuseissometimesabetterpolicy.

B.Inventingagoodexcuseneedscreativeideas.

C.Agoodexcuseisasrewardingashonesty.

D.Bittertruthisbetterthanagoodexcuse.

5.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.AMirrorofHumanNature　　　　　　　　

B.ToBlameortoForgive

C.AMarkofMaturity　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　

D.TruthofExcuse

【参考答案】64.1-5DBADA　

人物传记类

（2013·山东，B）GeorgeGershwin，bornin1898，wasoneofAmerica'sgreatestcomposers.Hepublishedhisfirstsongwhenhewaseighteenyearsold.Duringthenexttwentyyearshewrotemorethanfivehundredsongs.

ManyofGershwin'ssongswerefirstwrittenformusicalplaysperformedintheatresinNewYorkCity.Theseplayswereapopularformofentertainmentinthe1920sand1930s.Manyofhissongshaveremainedpopularasever.Overtheyearstheyhavebeensungandplayedineverypossibleway—fromjazztocountry.

Inthe1920stherewasadebateintheUnitedStatesaboutjazzmusic.Couldjazz，somepeopleasked，beconsideredseriousmusic?

In1924jazzmusicianandorchestraleaderPaulWhitemandecidedtoorganizeaspecialconcerttoshowthatjazzwasseriousmusic.Gershwinagreedtocomposesomethingfortheconcertbeforeherealizedhehadjustafewweekstodoit.Andinthatshorttime，hecomposedapieceforpianoandorchestrawhichhecalledRhapsodyinBlue.Gershwinhimselfplayedthepianoattheconcert.Theaudiencewerethrilledwhentheyheardhismusic.Itmadehimworldfamousandshowedthatjazzmusiccouldbebothseriousandpopular.

In1928，GershwinwenttoParis.Heappliedtostudycomposition（作曲）withthewellknownmusicianNadiaBoulanger，butsherejectedhim.Shewasafraidthatclassicalstudywouldruinhisjazzinfluencedstyle.Whilethere，GershwinwroteAnAmericaninParis.Whenitwasfirstperformed，critics（评论家）weredividedoverthemusic.Somecalledithappyandfulloflife，toothersitwasstillyandboring.ButitquicklybecamepopularinEuropeandtheUnitedStates.Itstillremainsoneofhismostfamousworks.

GeorgeGershwindiedin1937，justdaysafterdoctorslearnedhehadbraincancer.Hewasonlythirtynineyearsold.Newspapersallovertheworldreportedhisdeathontheirfrontpages.Peoplemournedthelossofthemanandallthemusichemighthavestillwritten.

【语篇解读】本文讲述了GeorgeGershwin一位伟大的音乐家的一生，对音乐界及世界的影响。

13．ManyofGershwin'smusicalworkswere________.

A．writtenaboutNewYorkers

B．composedforPaulWhiteman

C．playedmainlyinthecountryside

D．performedinvariousways

解析　细节理解题。

根据原文第二段末Overtheyearstheyhavebeensungandplayedineverypossibleway—fromjazztocountry.其中“they”指代Gershwin'smusicalworks，“ineverypossibleway”与variousways属于同义替换，所以选D。

答案　D

14．WhatdoweknowabouttheconcertorganizedbyWhiteman?

A．Itattractedmorepeopletotheatres.

B．Itprovedjazzcouldbeseriousmusic.

C．ItmadeGershwinleaderoftheorchestra.

D．Itcausedadebateamongjazzmusicians.

解析　细节理解题。

根据原文第三段中In1924,jazzmusicianandorchestraleaderPaulWhitemandecidedtoorganizeaspecialconcerttoshowthatjazzwasseriousmusic.其中“showthatjazzwasseriousmusic”和B选项是表达的一个意思，所以选B。

答案　B

15．WhatdidGershwindoduringhisstayinParis?

A．Hecreatedoneofhisbestworks.

B．HestudiedwithNadiaBoulanger.

C．HearguedwithFrenchcritics.

D．Hechangedhismusicstyle.

解析　细节理解题。

根据原文第四段中“Itstillremainsoneofhismostfamousworks.”其中it指的就是AnAmericaninParis，“oneofhismostfamousworks.”即A选项中的oneofhisbestworks。

答案　A

16．Whatdowelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A．ManyofGershwin'sworkswerelost.

B．ThedeathofGershwinwaswidelyreported.

C．AconcertwasheldinmemoryofGershwin.

D．BraincancerresearchstartedafterGershwin'sdeath.

解析　推理判断题。

根据原文最后一段，“Newspapersallovertheworldreportedhisdeathontheirfrontpages.”即说明了B选项“ThedeathofGershwinwaswidelyreported.”故B正确。

其它选项均没有涉及。

答案　B

17．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesGershwin?

A．Talentedandproductive.

B．Seriousandboring.

C．Popularandunhappy.

D．Friendlyandhonest.

解析　主旨大意题。

从全文看，这个人不可能用boring这样感情色彩负面的词来形容，故B错误；文中提到他popular，但没有说他unhappy，故C错误；friendly和honest在文中没有具体体现，没有根据，故D错误；A选项中talented有天分的，productive多产的，准确地描述了Gershwin作为一个作曲家所具备的素质。

答案　A

完形填空

Itwasawintermorning，justacoupleofweeksbeforeChristmas.Whilemostpeoplewere__1__theircars.Trevor，myhusband，hadto__2__earlytoridehisbikefourkilometersawayfromhometowork.Onarrival，he__3__hisbikeoutsidethebackdoorasheusuallydoes.After__4__10hoursoflabor，hereturnedtofindhisbike__5__.

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