初中英语专项练习直接引语和间接引语.docx
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初中英语专项练习直接引语和间接引语
直接引语和间接引语
引述别人的话时，一般采用两种方式：
一是引用别人的原话，把它放在引号内，称为直接引语;二是用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内，称为间接引语。
间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从句。
直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：
人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序等。
1.直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that引导。
例如：
Shesaid,“Iamveryhappytobewithyou.”→Shesaid（that）shewasveryhappytobewithme.
Hesaid,“Iwillchooseabookformystudents.”→Hesaid（that）hewouldchooseabookforhisstudents.
2.直接引语是一般疑问句时，变成间接引语，由连词whether或if引导。
例如：
Heaskedme,“DoyoulikewatchingTV?
”→Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedwatchingTV.
Heasked,“Areyousureyourmotherwillcome?
”→Heaskedmewhether/ifIwassuremymotherwouldcome.
注意：
大多数情况下，if和whether在引导宾语从句时可以互换，但后紧跟ornot时,一般只用whether。
例如：
Sheaskedmewhetherornothecoulddothework./Sheaskedmewhetherhecoulddotheworkornot.
3.直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的连接词who,whom,what,whose,how,when,why,where等引导。
例如：
Heasked:
“Whereareyoutogetoff,John?
”→HeaskedJohnwherehewastogetoff.
Mysisteraskedme,“Howdoyouliketheplay?
”→MysisteraskedmehowIlikedtheplay.
Tomaskedme,“Whoistheboyoverthere?
”→Tomaskedme,“Whowastheboyoverthere?
”
4.直接引语是祈使句，其间接引语由主语+动词ask（委婉语气），tell（一般语气），order（命令语气）或warn,advise等+复合宾语（名/代词+动词不定式）构成。
如：
Hesaid,“Pleasecomehereagaintomorrow.”→Heaskedmetogothereagainthenextday.
“Becarefulwiththedog.”→Hewarnedmetobecarefulwiththedog.
5.直接引语变间接引语时，如果引述动词为过去式，需注意时态的变化：
如：
1）Bettysaid,“Linglingissingingintheclassroomnow.”现在进行时→
BettysaidLinglingwassingingintheclassroomthen.-过去进行时
2）Hesaid,“IwillgotoLondonnextweek.”一般将来时→
HesaidhewouldgotoLondonnextweek.过去将来时
3）Mymothersaid,“Ihavealreadycleanedthehouse.”现在完成时→
Mymothersaidshehadalreadycleanedthehouse.过去完成时
注意:
1.直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等，主句尽管是过去时态，变成间接引语时，时态仍然用一般现在时态。
例如：
Theytoldtheirson,“Theearthgoesroundthesun.”→Theytoldtheirsonthattheearthgoesroundthesun.
2.直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、动词等要作相应的变化。
如：
this→that,these→those,now→then,today→thatday,yesterday→thedaybefore,lastyear→theyearbefore,ago→before,here→therecome→go等。
例如：
Hesaid,“Ihaven’tseenthemtoday.”→Hesaidthathehadn’tseenthemthatday.
但是，如果转述时对话人双方就在原来的地方，或在说话的当天，就不必改变相应的时间状语、地点状语等。
总之,对这些变化不能机械理解，应根据实际情况来决定所作的变化。
3.间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序，即主、谓、宾的顺序。
例如：
HeaskedLucy,“Wheredidyougo?
”→HeaskedLucywhereshew
直接引语和间接引语专项练习
1.单项填空
1.Hesaid,"Iamlivingwithmybrother."
Hesaidthat__waslivingwithhisbrother.
A.I B.you
C.he D.they
2.Hesaid,"Youaresuretogetawarmwelcomethere."
Hesaidthatwe__suretogetawarmwelcomethere.
A.am B.was
C.were D.are
3.Shesays,"Somethingiswrongwithmybike."
Shesaysthatsomethingiswrongwith__bike.
A.my B.a
C.his D.her
4.Hesaid,"Iwillnotdosoagain."
Hesaidthathe__notdosoagain.
A.will B.must
C.would D.do
5.Theteachersaid,"Mysonhadthesameexperienceasthelittleboy."
Theteachersaidthathissonhad__thesameexperienceasthelittleboy.
A.been B.have
C.had D.done
6.Shesaidtome,"Mymothertookmetoanexhibitionyesterday."
Shetoldmethathermotherhadtaken__toanexhibitionthedaybefore.
A.she B.me C.her D.you
7.Yousaidtome,"Isawthefilmtwodaysago."
Youtoldmethatyouhadseenthefilm__
A.twodays B.twodaysbefore
C.twodaysago D.yesterday
8.Hesaidtohisyoungersister,"Youmaycomewithme."
Hetoldhisyoungersisterthat__withhim.
A.youmaycome B.youmightcome
C.shemightcome D.shemightgo
9.Thestudentsaidtome,"Shehasmadeaclosestudyoftheproblem."
Thestudenttoldmethatshe__aclosestudyoftheproblem.
A.hasmake B.havemade
C.hadmake D.hadmade
10.Hesaid,"Ilivehere."
Hesaidthathelived____.
A.there B.here
C.inthere D.atthere
Ⅱ、将下列句子改为间接引语
1.“I'mgladtoreceiveyoure-mail,”saidhe.
________________________________________________
2.Hesaidtome,“Areyougoinghomethisweekend?
”
________________________________________________
3.“Howdoyoulikethefoodhere?
”saidshe.
________________________________________________
4.Shesaidtome,“Don'trideinthestreet.”
________________________________________________
5.“Standwhereyouare!
”thepolicesaidtotheyoungman.
________________________________________________
II.请在下列空白处填上适当的词语，使句意不变。
1．Shesaid,“Areyoufromthesouth?
”
Sheasked________I________fromthesouth.
2.Momsaidtome,“Don'ttellalie.”
Mom________me________________tellalie.
3．Susansaidtome,“WevisitedtheRedStarFarmlastweek.”
Susantoldmethat________________________theRedStar
Farm________________________.
4．MrPaulsaidtous,“Lighttravelsfasterthansound.”
MrPaul________usthatlight________fasterthansound.
5．“Goandposttheletters,”themanagersaidtohim.
Themanager________him________________andposttheletters.
6.“Inevereatmeat.”hesaid.
Hesaidthat______never______meat.
7.“I’vefoundmywallet.”hesaidtome.
He______methathe__________________wallet.
8.“Itookithomewithme.”shesaid.
Shesaidthat___________________ithomewithher.
9.Theteachersaid,“Thesunrisesintheeastandgoesdowninthewest.”
Theteachersaidthatthesun______intheeastand______downinthewest.
10.“Imetheryesterday.”hesaidtome.
He______methathe______mettheday______.
11.“Youmustcomeherebeforefive.”hesaid.
HesaidthatI______togo______beforefive.
12.“Iboughtthehouse10yearsago.”hesaid.
Hesaidthathe_______boughtthehouse10years_______.
13.“Didyouseeherlastweek?
”hesaid.
He____________Ihadseenhertheweek_______.
14.Hesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.”
He______Jimthathe______sitthere
15.Heasked,“Howdidyoufindit,mother?
”
Heaskedhermother__________________foundit.
16.“Wherehaveyoubeenthesedays?
”heasked.
Heaskedme_____________________been_______days.
17.“Doyouknowwhereshelives?
”heasked.
Heasked____________knewwhereshe______.
18.“Stopmakingsomuchnoise,children.”hesaid.
He______thechildren____________makingsomuchnoise.
19.“Don’ttellhimthenews.”shesaid.
Shetoldme___________________himthenews.
20.“Areyouintestedinthis?
”hesaid.
He____________Iwasinterestdin______.
【参考答案】
Ⅱ1.Hesaidthathewasgladtoreceivemye-mail.2.HeaskedmeifIwasgoinghomethatweekend.3.SheaskedhowIlikedthefoodthere.4.Shetoldmenottorideinthestreet.5.Thepoliceorderedtheyoungmantostandwherehewas.
II.1.if/whether;was 2.told;notto
3.theyhadvisited;theweekbefore 4.told;travels
5.told;togo6.he,ate
7.told,had,found,his8.she,had,taken
9.rise,goes10.told,had,before
11.had,there12.had,before
13.asked,if[whether],before14.told,could
15.how,she,had16.where,I,had,those
17.if[whether],I,lived18.told,to,stop
19.not,to,tell20.asked,if[whether],that
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