盎格鲁 诺曼人.docx

盎格鲁 诺曼人.docx

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盎格鲁诺曼人

WhoaretheNormans?

TheNormanswhoinvadedandsettledinNormandy,thenorthwestregionofmodernFrance,inthe8th-10thcenturyweredescendantsofVikingsfromthenortherncountriesofEurope（Danish,Norwegian,Orkney）.TheDuchyofNormandywasformedbythetreatyofSaint-Clair-sur-Eptein911betweenKingCharlesIIIoftheWestFranksandRollo（alsoknownasHrolforRobertIofNormandy）,leaderoftheVikingsknownasNorthmen（or'Normanni',inLatin）.

NormanforcesundertheleadershipofGuillaumeI,DukeofNormandy,invadedEnglandin1066anddefeatedKingHaroldIIattheBattleofHastings.William"theConqueror"becameKingWilliamofEngland.

[TheDuchyofNormandywasruledbytheNormanKingsofEnglanduntil1204,whenPhilipIIofFranceretookNormandyforFrance.Afterthe1259TreatyofParisonlytheChannelIslandsremainedunderEngland'scontrol.]

ManyofthemenwhofoughtattheBattleofHastingsalongsideKingWilliamwererewardedfortheirloyaltywithbaronagesandlargetractsoflandintheconqueredcountry.Inthisway,thesefamiliesbecamethenobilityofNormanEnglandforthenextseveralcenturies.TheywerelistedintheDomesdayBook,thegreatsurveyoflandandmaterialwealthcarriedoutin1086.

ThesefirstfewgenerationsofAngloNormanknightswerealsoamongthecrusadersoftheFirstCrusadeinthelate11thcenturyontheirmissiontocaptureJerusalem.The11thcenturywasaneventfultimeofgreatchangeinthelifestylesandculturalexperiencesofmembersofthesefamilies.

Some,butnotallofthem,weretitlednobilityinNormandyandretainedtheirholdingsthereaswell;otherswerepoorermen,whorosetopowerthroughtheirmilitaryorpoliticalservice,andwomen,whogainedpowerthroughtheiralliancesandmarriagesintopowerfulfamilies.Someanglicizedtheirnamesovertime,whileothersretainedtheFrenchspellingsandgeographically-basedsurnamesreferringtotheirancestralvillagesinNormandy.

NOTE:

WEWILLMOSTLIKELYSUB-DIVIDETHISPROJECTINTOVARIOUSSUB-PROJECTSTOMAKEITMOREMANAGEABLE.

OneofthebestsourcesonthefamilyrelationshipsofthevariousnoblefamiliesofNormandycanbefoundatFMGMedivalLandsDatabase:

NormanNobility.Thishasextensivehistoricalinformationonthefollowingfamilies:

Chapter1.EARLYNORMANFAMILIESofVIKINGORIGIN

A.FAMILYofGUNNORA,mistressofRICHARDIComtedeNORMANDIE

B.FAMILYofTHURSTANHALDUP

Chapter2.ALENÇON

A.SIRESd'ALENÇON（SEIGNEURSdeBELLÊME）

B.FAMILYofSEINFREDBishopofLeMans

C.SIRESd'ALENÇON,COMTESd'ALENÇON,MONTGOMMERY-PONTHIEU

D.FAMILYofGIROIE

E.GRANTMESNIL

F.SEIGNEURSdeMONTGOMMERY

Chapter3.VICOMTESd´ARQUES,SEIGNEURSdeLONGUEVILLE（GIFFARD）

Chapter4.SIRESetCOMTESd'AUMÂLE

A.SIRESd'AUMÂLE

B.COMTESd'AUMÂLE（BLOIS-CHAMPAGNE）

C.COMTESd'AUMÂLE（FORZ）

D.COMTEd'AUMÂLE（BETHUNE）

Chapter5.AVRANCHES

A.VICOMTESd'AVRANCHES

B.SEIGNEURSdeGRANVILLE

C.SEIGNEURSd´ORVAL

D.SEIGNEURSdeSAINT-JEAN

Chapter6.COMTESdeBAYEUX,SEIGNEURSd'IVRY

A.COMTESdeBAYEUX

B.VICOMTESduBESSIN（BAYEUX）

C.SEIGNEURSd´AUNAY-sur-ODON（SAY）

D.SIRESdeCREULLY

E.SEIGNEURSdeCREVECŒUR

F.SEIGNEURSduHOMMET

G.SEIGNEURSd´IVRY（GOËL）

Chapter7.CAUX

A.SEIGNEURSd´AUFFAY

B.SEIGNEURSdeGOURNAY

C.SEIGNEURSdeSAINT-VALERY

D.SEIGNEURSdeTANCARVILLE

E.WARENNE

Chapter8.COTENTIN

A.VICOMTESdeCOTENTIN,SEIGNEURSdeSAINT-SAUVEUR

B.SEIGNEURSdeSAINT-SAUVEUR（TAISSON）

C.SEIGNEURSdeBRICQUEBEC（BERTRAN）

E.SEIGNEURSdeLAHAYE

Chapter9.COMTESetVICOMTESd'EU

A.COMTESd'EU996-,descendantsofGEOFFROYdeBrionne

B.COMTESd'EU,descendantsofGUILLAUMEd'HIEMOIS

C.COMTESd'EU（LUSIGNAN）

D.COMTESd'EU（BRIENNE）

E.COMTESd'EU（CAPET）

F.VICOMTESd'EU

Chapter10.EVREUX

A.COMTESd'EVREUX,familyofDUKESofNORMANDY

B.COMTESd'EVREUX（MONTFORT-l'AMAURY）

C.SIRESd´HARCOURT

D.SEIGNEURSdeLAIGLE（L'AIGLE）

E.SEIGNEURSdeTOSNY

F.SEIGNEURdeVERNON,SEIGNEURdeREVIERS

Chapter11.COMTESetVICOMTESdeMEULAN

A.COMTESdeMEULAN

B.COMTESdeMEULAN,SEIGNEURSdeBEAUMONT-le-ROGER

C.VICOMTESdeMELUN

Chapter12.COMTESdeMORTAINetdeCORBEIL

A.COMTESdeMORTAIN

B.COMTESdeCORBEILetdeMORTAIN（NORMANDY）

C.COMTESdeMORTAIN,VICOMTESdeCONTEVILLE

Chapter13.COMTESduPERCHE,COMTESdeMORTAGNE

Chapter14.ROUEN

A.VICOMTESdeROUEN

B.SEIGNEURSdeMONTFORT-sur-RISLE（BASTEMBOURG）

C.SEIGNEURSdeMONTFORT-sur-RISLE（GAND）

D.SEIGNEURSdeNEUFMARCHE

E.SEIGNEURSdePONT-AUDEMER,SEIGNEURdeVIEILLES

F.SEIGNEURSdeTOURVILLE

Chapter15.OTHERNOBILITYinNORMANDY

A.FLAITEL

B.TIRELL

C.OTHERUNALLOCATEDNOBLESinNORMANDY

TheAngloNormans

AgoodencyclopediaoverviewoftheAnglo-NormansmaybefoundonWikipedia,fromwhichweincludeafewexcerptshere:

TheAnglo-NormansweremainlythedescendantsoftheNormanswhoruledEnglandfollowingtheNormanconquestbyWilliamofNormandyin1066.AsmallnumberofNormanswerealreadysettledinEnglandpriortotheconquest.FollowingtheBattleofHastings,theinvadingNormansandtheirdescendantsformedadistinctpopulationinBritain,asNormanscontrolledallofEngland,partsofWales（theCambro-Normans）and,after1169,vastswathsofIreland（theHiberno-Normans）.OvertimetheirlanguageevolvedfromthecontinentalOldNormantothedistinctAnglo-Normanlanguage（anOldFrenchdialect）....

TheNormanswerenotahomogeneousgroupspringingexclusivelyfromVikingstock,ashasoftenbeencommonlyanderroneouslysuggested,butratheronecomprisingawidecross-sectionofnorthwesternandcentralFrenchfromLeMans,Anjou,Brittany,andPoitiers,nottomentionthecontributionofFlanders.IntermsofculturetheyrepresentedtheGallo-RomancivilizationasithadbeenabsorbedandtransformedbytheFranks....

TheNormansimposedanewpoliticalstructurethatisbroadlytermed"feudal"....ManyoftheAnglo-Saxonnobleslostlandsandtitles;thelesserthegnsandothersfoundthemselveslowerdownthesocialorderthanpreviously....SomeoftheseNormanmagnatesusedtheiroriginalFrench-derivednames,withtheprefix'de,'meaningtheywerelordsoftheoldfiefsinFrance,andsomeinsteaddroppedtheirFrenchnamesandtooktheirnamesfromnewEnglishholdings.

...TheEnglandemergingfromtheConquestowedadebttotheRomancelanguagesandthecultureofancientRome,whichthoughlonggone,transmitteditselfintheemergingfeudalworldthattookitsplace.Thatheritagecanbediscernedinlanguage,incorporatingshardsoftheRomanpast,inarchitecture,intheemergingRomanesque（Norman）architecture,andinanewfeudalstructureerectedasabulwarkagainstthechaosthatovertooktheContinentfollowingthecollapseofRomanauthorityandthesubsequentDarkAges.TheEnglandthatemergedfromtheConquestwasadecidedlydifferentplace,butonethathadbeenopeneduptothesweepofoutsideinfluences.

...Anglo-NormansalsoledexcursionsintoWalesfromEnglandandbuiltmultiplefortificationsasitwasoneofWilliam'sambitionstosubduetheWelsh,howeverhewasnotentirelysuccessful.Afterwards,however,theborderareaknownastheMarcheswassetupandEnglishinfluenceincreasedsteadily.Anglo-NormanbaronsalsosettledinIrelandfromthe12thcentury,initiallytosupportIrishregionalkings....MostoftheseNormanscamefromWales,notEngland,andthustheepithet'Cambro-Normans'isusedtodescribethembyleadinglatemedievalists....

ListofMajorAngloNormanFamilies,withResearchers,CuratorsandLinks

Thisisabeginning,mostlyfromtheWikipedialist.Pleasefeelfreetocorrectand/oraddmore.PleaseindicatethenameofGeniresearchersorcuratorsworkingoneachfamily,andboldthesenamesthatarebeingresearched.Ifyouwouldliketocreateawikisubpageforaparticularfamilyname,withhistoricalinformationandalsoothersharedinformationaboutthatparticularfamily,pleasedosoandlinkittothenameonthispage.ThatisthebestwayforresearcherstoshareinformationabouttheoverallfamilythatmaybeofhelptoGeniusers.

∙d'Arcy

∙d'Amondville/Amond

∙d'Aubigny（orAlbini）:

PamWilson

∙d'Avranches（leGoz）:

RicEricKuhlmeyDickinson

∙deBailleul（orBalliol）

∙deBayeux:

PamWilson

∙deBeauchamp

∙deBeaumont

∙deBellême 

∙leBigod :

PamWilson

∙deBohun :

PamWilson

∙deBourg 

∙deBraose:

PamWilson

∙deBruce orBrus

∙deCarteret 

∙deClare 

∙deCrépon :

AnneMBerge

∙deCourcy（orCourci）

∙deCurzon

∙deDévereux 

∙deMelun/Carpenter

∙deMarisco/Morris

∙deFerrersorFerrières 

∙FitzCorbet

∙FitzGibbon

∙FitzHamon:

MariaEdmonds-Zediker

∙FitzOsbern（Giffard）:

∙FitzWilliam/Hall

∙FitzAlan 

∙Fitzurse 

∙deGiroie 

∙deGorges（orGörges）

∙leGoz（d'Avranches） RicErickKuhlmeyDickinson

∙deGrandmesnilorGrentesmesnil

∙deHarcourt

∙d'Ivry 

∙deLacy（orLascy）

∙deLimesy（orLimesi）

∙deLongvillers

∙deLucy（orLuci）

∙deLevett

∙deLongchamp 

∙MaletordeMalet :

PamWilson

∙deMandeville 

∙deMarren

∙deMartinorDammartin

∙deMauger/Mayor

∙deMayeux

∙deMeschin orMeschines:

PamWilson

∙deMontfort :

HatteRubensteinBlejer

∙deMontaigu orMontagu（e）

∙deMortimer 

∙deMontbray 

∙deMontgommery :

∙deNeville

∙deNormandy

∙deOsmondville/Osment

∙Paganel（orPaynall）

∙dePecche

∙Peverel 

∙deReviers 

∙deRos,Roos,orRose:

RicEricKuhlmeyDickinson

∙deSaint-Clair

∙deSenlis

∙deTaillebois/Talbot :

PamWilson

∙deTosny orToniorToeni:

PamWilson

∙deUmfraville

∙deVerney

∙deVincent

∙deWarenneorWarren

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