ReadingreflectiononHomersOdyssey荷马史诗奥德赛英文读后感.docx

ReadingreflectiononHomersOdyssey荷马史诗奥德赛英文读后感.docx

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ReadingreflectiononHomersOdyssey荷马史诗奥德赛英文读后感

Reading-reflection-on-Homer’s-Odyssey-荷马史诗奥德赛英文读后感

ReadingreflectiononHomer’sOdyssey

Contents

1.0Introduction

1.1Introductiontotheessay

2.0Homer,theauthor

2.1ArgumentsandresearchontheidentityofHomer

2.1.1Thename“Homer”anditsmeaning

2.1.2Homer’soccupation

2.2WorksattributedtoHomer

2.3TheconceptofHomer’sepicpoetries

2.4Homericdialect

2.5ThehistoricalvalueofHomer’sepicpoetries

3.0Synopsis

3.1Background

3.2Odysseus,thehero

3.3Structure

3.4Thehero’sjourney

3.4.1Ordinaryworld

3.4.2Calltoadventure

3.4.3Ideologicalstruggle

Wearegiventheimageofa"blind,beggingsingerwhohangsaroundwithlittlepeople:

shoemakers,fisherman,potters,sailors,elderlymeninthegatheringplacesofharbourtolwns".Scholarsaredividedastowhichcategory,ifany,thecourtsingerorthewanderingminstrel,thehistoric"Homer"belonged.

2.2WorksattributedtoHomer

ItiswildlyrecognizedthatOdysseyandIliadaretraditionallyascribedtoHomer.InspiteofIliadandOdyssey,someepicsaresaidbelongingtohim.However,thispointofviewhasn’tbeenidentified.AccordingAristotle’sownperspective,there’sstilltwoextantworkswhicharecreatedbyHomer,meaningasatiricpoetryandBatrachomyomachi（Greek,whichmeansthebattlebetweenfrogandmice）.

2.3TheconceptofHomer’sepicpoetries

Homer’sepicsincludeIliadandOdyssey,whicharebothsaidtobeHomer’swork.Thethemesoftwoepicsfocusonsingingthepraiseoftheheroesinclansociety.ThekeynoteofIliadregardswarasajustifiableandgloriousevent.Simultaneously,thepoetrydescribesthecrueltyofwarvaguely.Inthisdegree,Iliaddenouncedthenegativeeffectonwhichmayhavetotheinnocentsocialclass.

2.4Homericdialect

ThelanguageusedbyHomerisanarchaicversionofIonicGreek,withadmixturesfromcertainotherdialects,suchasAeolicGreek.ItlaterservedasthebasisofEpicGreek,thelanguageofepicpoetry,typicallyindactylichexameter.

2.5ThehistoricalvalueofHomer’sepicpoetries

Inoneaspect,thehomer’sepicpoetriesarebasedontheresoundsoftheverballiterature.Thus,theoriginalcharactershavebeenpreservedwell,andwhichareembodiedespeciallyintheauthenticityofancientculture.ThosetwogiantworksalsobecomestrongproofsaboutthehighlyprosperousculturearoundtheMediterraneandistrict.

Homer’sepicpoetriesareamongthebestliteraturesthathaveinearlyEuropeanhistory.IliadandOdysseyhavebeenprovedtobetheprimarysourcestostudythelifethatpeoplehaveinprehistorytime.

Onthehandofthecreativeartsthathaveinbothtwotremendouswork,romanticismandrealismhavebeenfoundused.ThoughGreekmythologyoccupieslargespaceinthepoetries,theportrayalsofcrucialwararetruereflectionofpeople’slives.Meantime,thehighlygeneralfactsareexpressedbythevividcharacterizationaswellastherevealingoftheinnerworldofthefigures.

Homer’sepicpoetriesgivereadersgreatartistictreats.Furthermore,itisundoubtedlyamilestonethatwillerectforeverinthehistoryoftheworld’sliterature.

3.0Synopsis

3.1Background

Iliad,asthepreludeofOdyssey,startsitsstoryaftertheninthyearoftheTrojanWar.

TheOdysseybeginstenyearsaftertheendoftheten-yearTrojanWar.ForthesakeofOdysseyhasstabbedPolypheme’seyeswhosefartherisPoseidon,thegodofthesea,OdysseushasbeendelayedbyPoseidon’scensureandstillnotreturnedhomefromthewar.Odysseus'sonTelemachusistwentyandissharinghisabsentfather’shouseontheislandofIthacawithhismotherPenelopeandacrowdof108boisterousyoungmen,"theSuitors",whoseaimistopersuadePenelopetomarryoneofthem,allthewhileenjoyingthehospitalityofOdysseus'householdandeatinguphiswealth.

3.2Odysseus,thehero

3.2.1Parentageandname

Astotheparentage,accordingtoOdyssey,hisfatherisLaertesandhismotherisAnticleia,althoughtherewasanon-HomerictraditionthatSisyphuswashistruefather.

ThenameOdysseusisderivedfromtheverboussomai,whichmeans“tobewrothagainst”.HeisalsoknownasUlyssesinLatin.

3.2.2CharactersofOdysseus

OdysseusisoneofthefirstGreekmythicheroesrenownedforhisbrainaswellashismuscles.Indeedheisamanwithinquiringmind,andheisalsoamanwithoutstandingprowessandbravery.

IntheIliad,OdysseuswasoneofthemostinfluentialGreekchampionsduringtheTrojanWar.Odysseusisfrequentlyviewedasamanofthemean,renownedforhisself-restraintanddiplomaticskills.

3.3Structure

Intheperspectiveofwritingstructure,thefirst13volumesfocusonthetenyearsofsufferingthatOdysseushadhad.ThestorystartsfromthediscussionthatgodshaveonMountOlympusabouthisfate.ThegodsofOlympusdecidedtosetOdysseusfreetohome.Forthesakeoftheirwill,Calypso,theseanymph,releasedhimafterhavingdelayedOdysseusfor7years.Inthelast11volumes,Odysseusreturnedbacktohome,andwiththehelpofhisson,Telemachus,hekilledthesuitors.

3.4Thehero’sjourney

3.4.1Ordinaryworld

ToOdysseusintheOdyssey,ourhero’sordinaryworldcouldnotbeequivalentwiththeworldwelivein.forthisbookandthetaleofOdysseus,hisordinaryworldreferstohislivingontheislandofOgygia.Forthedelaysbygoddesscalypso,hisjourneybeginsfromendinghis7-yearslifeinOgygia.

3.4.2Calltoadventure

Odysseus’calltoadventuretakesplacewhileheisstillinhisordinaryworld.HermestravelsfromMt.OlympuswiththedeclarationofZeusthatOdysseusmusttobesetfreefromherdetainment.Thus,Odysseusisatlibertytofinallyleaveher.So,withthisreason,heforatimerefusesherstatementthatheisemancipatedfromOgygia.

3.4.3Ideologicalstruggle

Afterbeingtoldaboutthefate,Odysseusactedlikehedidn’ttrustcalypso’sdeviousmindandsuspectedherofhatchingsometrickagainsthim.

3.4.4Mentor

PassingthroughtheOdyssey,PallasAthenaishismentorforthetrip.Shepromptshimtohavethecouragetobeabletoactinmanysituations,sheknowsallandoftenusesthisomnipotencetoaidOdysseus,andsheistheonewhoalsoaidshisson,Telemachus,firstbyprovidingtheimpetusforhimtosearchfornewsofhisfatheraroundAchaea.ThroughoutOdyssey,Athenaplaysamajorroleintheeventsthatoccur.

3.4.5Alliesandenemies

Ashebeginshisjourney,Odysseustravelssafelyformanydays,howevertheimmortalcursebestoweduponhimbytherelentlessandunforgivingPoseidon,godoftheseasandearthquakes,isyettobefallhim.Afterdealingwithsomanysufferings,Odysseusfinallyescapedfromtheseaandgottoanisland.ThisistheislandofthePhaecians,andaftermeetingtheKingofthesepeoples'daughter,Naussica,heiswelcomedbyKingAlcinousandQueenArete.HefinallyreachesIthacawiththesegreatoarsmenrowinghimonintheirownship,andfindsthathefacesanotherchallengeoncominghome,perhapsevenmoretryingthanallthepreviousperilsthathehasfacedoutsideofIthaca,sailingaroundthegreatandmightyseas.

3.4.6Revenge

AfterreturningbacktoIthaca,Odysseusshouldfirstfacethesuitors.WiththehelpofTelemachus,hekillsthesuitorsandwreakshisultimaterevenge.

3.4.7ReturnwiththeElixirandreward

Odysseus’rewardiswinningbackhisplaceofpowerandbeingabletobewithhiswife,hissonandhisfatheragain.ThereturnwiththeelixiriswhenOdysseusandhisloyalfriendsfinallydefeathislastthreattotheirsurvival,andpeaceiswroughtovertheentireplaceofIthacabyAthenaandtherestoftheimmortalgodsuponhigh.

4.0Evaluationandimpactofthework

4.1Evaluationfromfamouspeople

AristotleremarksinhisPoeticsthatHomerwasuniqueamongthepoetsofhistime,focusingonasingleunifiedthemeoractionintheepiccycle.

“Theystillgiveusaestheticpleasureandareincertainrespectsregardedasastandardandunattainableideal.”ByKarlMarx

4.2Impactonfutureliterature

Publishedsometimebetween800and600BC,theOdysseyis,alongwiththeIliad,oneofthebestknown,andmoststupendouslyawesome,worksofancientliterature.Inthiscategory,Virgil’sepicpoemtheAeneid;AlfredLordTennyson’spoem“Ulysses”;JamesJoyce’snovel,Ulysses;countlesspaintings;Cream’ssong“TalesofBraveUlysses”;theCohenBrothers’movieObrother,WhereArtThou?

--Andtheliststillgoeson.

5.0ReadingreflectionsaboutOdyssey

5.1Conceptsthatelucidatefromthework

5.1.1Familyvalue

Home,asthepurposeforOdysseus’hardjourney,familyvalueswerewrittenasthecoreconceptsthatpeoplehaveinHomer’speriod.Crucialwars,Penelope’scelibacy,evenPoseidon’srevengewerethemostdirectproofs.

5.1.2Heroism

InOdyssey,Odysseusiswrittenasagreatherowhoresiststheunfortunatefate.FromIliadtoOdyssey,heroismisthroughoutthesetwoworks.Inthecontextofslavery,tangledwarfarehappenedfromonecity-statetotheother.Asaconsequence,herobecameamajorroleinthehistoryofthatperiod.Despiteofnumerousrespectsthatwasgiventotheheroes,

5.1.2.Love

Home,asthepurposeforOdysseus’hardjourney,familyvalueswerewrittenasthecoreconceptsthatpeoplehaveinHomer’speriod.Crucialwars,Penelope’scelibacy,evenPoseidon’srevengewerethemostdirectproofs.

5.1.3Humanlife

HumanlifewhichIwouldliketosortasthefollowingaspects:

Fidelity,inmyownperspective,readerscanfindpurefidelityfromOdysseus’family,meaningTelemachus’willtofindhisfatherandthecelibacyPenelopehave.Withnoregardofallthesuitors,Penelopelivedallbyher