MBA联考英语真题及参考答案.docx
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MBA联考英语真题及参考答案
2009年1月MBA联考英语真题及参考答案
In1999,thepriceofoilhoveredaround$16abarrel.By2008,ithad 21the$100abarrelmark.Thereasonsforthesurge22 fromthedramaticgrowthoftheeconomiesofchinaandIndiatowidespread 23 inoil-producingregions,includingIraqandNigeria’s deltaregion.Triple-digitoilpriceshave 24 the economic andpoliticalmapoftheworld, 25 someoldnotionsofpower.Oil-richnationsareenjoyinghistoricgainsandopportunities, 26 majorimporters—includingchina
and India,hometoathirdoftheworld’spopulation-- 27 risingeconomicandsocialcosts.
Managingthisneworderisfastbecomingacentral 28 ofglobalpolitics.Countriesthatneedoilareclawingateachother to 29 scarcesupplies,andarewillingtodealwithany government, 30 how unpleasant,todoit.
In many poor nations with oil,theprofitsarebeing,losttocorruption,31 thesecountriesoftheirbesthopefordevelopment.Andoilisfuelingenormousinvestmentfundsrunbyforeigngovernments, 32 someinthewestseeasanewthreat.
CountrieslikeRussia,VenezuelaandIranarewellsuppliedwithrising oil 33,achangereflectedinnewlyaggressiveforeignpolicies.Butsomeunexpectedcountriesarereapingbenefits, 34costs, from higher prices.ConsiderGermany. 35 it importsvirtuallyallitsoil,ithasprosperedfromextensivetradewithaboomingRussiaandtheMiddleEast.GermanexportstoRussia 36 128percentfrom2001to2006.
IntheUnitedStates,asalreadyhighgaspricesrose 37 higherinthespringof2008,theissuecroppedupinthepresidentialcampaign,withSenatorsMcCainandObama 38 forafederalgastaxholidayduringthepeaksummerdrivingmonths.Anddrivinghabits began to 39 ,assalesofsmallcarsjumpedandmasstransportsystems 40 thecountryreportedasharpincreaseinriders.
21.A.come B.gone C.crossed D.arrived
22.A.covered B.discovered C.arranged D.ranged
23.A.intensity B.infinity C.insecurity D.instability
24.A.drawn B.redrawn C.retained D.reviewed
25.A.fighting B.struggling C.challenging D.threatening
26.A.and B.while C.thus D.though
27.A.confine B.conflict C.conform D.confront
28.A.problem B.question C.matter D.event
29.A.lookfor B.lockup C.sendout D.keepoff
30.A.nomatter B.whatif C.onlyif D.inspiteof
31.A.abolishing B.depriving C.destroying D.eliminating
32.A.what B.that C.which D.whom
33.A.interests B.taxes C.incomes D.revenues
34.A.asmanyas B.asgoodas C.asfaras D.aswellas
35.A.Although B.Because C.Since D.As
36.A.advanced B.grew C. reduces D. multiplied
37.A.even B.still C.rather D.fairly
38.A.asking B.requesting C.calling D.demanding
39.A.change B.turn C.shift D.transform
40.A.for B.from C.across D.over
PartIIIReadingComprehension(40%)
Direction:
Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.ThenblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithapencil.
PASSAGE1.
HenricIbsen,authoroftheplay"ADoll’sHouse",inwhichapretty,helplesshousewifeabandons
Herhusbandandchildrentoseekamoreseriouslife,wouldsurelyhaveapproved..FromJanuaryIst,
2008,allpubliccompaniesinNorwayareobligedtoensurethatatleast40%oftheirboarddirectorsare
women.Mostfirmshaveobeyedthelaw,whichwaspassedin2003.Butabout75outofthe480orso
companiesitaffectsarestilltoomaleforthegovernment’sliking.Theywillshortlyreceivealetter
informingthemthattheyhaveuntiltheendofFebruarytoact,orfacethelegalconsequences---which
couldincludebeingdissolved.
Beforethelawwasproposed,about7%ofboardmembersinNorwaywerefemale,accordingtotheCentreforCorporateDiversity.Thenumberhassincejumpedto36%.Thatisfarhigherthantheaverageof9%forbigcompaniesacrossEuropeorAmerica’s15%fortheFortune500.Norway’sstockexchangeanditsmainbusinesslobbyopposethelaw,asdomanybusinessmen."Iamagainstquotasforwomenormenasamatterofprinciple,"saysSverreMunck,headofinternationaloperationsatamediafirm."Boardmembersofpubliccompaniesshouldbechosensolelyonthebasisofmeritandexperience,"besays.Severalfirmshaveevengivenuptheirpublicstatusinordertoescapethenewlaw.
Companieshavehadtorecruitabout1,000womeninfouryears.Manycomplainthatithasbeen
Difficulttofindexperiencedcandidates.Becauseofthis,someofthebestwomenhavecollectedasmanyas25-35directorshipseach,andareknowninNorwegianbusinesscirclesasthe"goldenskirts".OnereasonforthescarcityisthattherearefairlyfewwomeninmanagementinNorwegiancompanies---theyoccupyaround15%ofseniorpositions.Ithasbeenparticularlyhardforfirmsintheoil,technologyandfinancialindustriestofindwomenwithaenoughexperience.
Somepeopleworrythattheirrelativelackofexperiencemaykeepwomenquietonboards,andthat
Inturncouldmeanthatboardsmightbecomelessabletoholdmanagerstoaccount.RecenthistoryinNorway,however,suggeststhattherightwomencanmakestrongdirectors."Womenfeelmorecompelledthanmentodotheirhomework,"saysMsRekstenSkaugen,whowasvotedNorway’schairmanoftheyearfor2007,"andwecanaffordtoaskthehardquestions,becausewomenarenotalwaysexpectedtoknowtheanswers."
41.TheauthormentionsIbsen’splayinthefirstparagraphinorderto .
A.depictwomen’sdilemmaatwork
B.explainthenewlypassedlaw
C.supportNorwegiangovernment
D.introducethetopicunderdiscussion
42.Apubliccompanythatfailstoobeythenewlawcouldbeforcedto .
A.payaheavyfine
B.closedownitsbusiness
C.changetoaprivatebusiness
D.signadocumentpromisingtoact
43.TowhichofthefollowingisSverreMunckmostlikelytoagree?
A.Asetratioofwomeninaboardisunreasonable.
B.Areasonablequotaforwomenatworkneedstobeset.
C.Acommonprincipleshouldbefollowedbyallcompanies.
D.Aninexperiencedbusinessmanisnotsubjecttothenewlaw.
44.Theauthorattributesthephenomenonof"goldenskirts"to .
A.thesmallnumberofqualifiedfemalesinmanagement
B.theover-recruitmentoffemalemanagersinpubliccompanies
C.theadvantagewomenenjoywhencompetingforseniorpositions
D.thediscriminationtowardwomeninNorwegianbusinesscircles
45.Themainideaofthepassagemightbe .
A.femalepowerandliberationinNorway
B.thesignificanceofHenricIbsen’splay
C.women’sstatusinNorwegianfirms
D.theconstitutionofboardmembersinNorway
PASSAGE2.
Whilethere’sneveragoodagetogetcancer,peopleintheir20sand30scanfeelparticularlyisolated.Theaverageageofacancerpatientatdiagnosisis67.Childrenwithcanceroftenaretreatedatpediatric(小儿科的)cancercenters,butyoungadultshaveatoughtimefindingpeers,oftensittingside-by-sideduringtreatmentswithpeoplewhocouldbetheirgrandparents.
InhernewbookCrazySexyCancerTips,writerKrisCarrlooksatcancerfromtheperspectiveofayoungadultwhoconfrontsdeathjustasshe’sdiscoveringlife.Ms.Carrwas31whenshewasdiagnosedwithararefromofcancerthathadgeneratedtumorsonherliverandlungs.
Ms.Carrreactedwiththenormalfeelingsofshockandsadness.Shecalledherparentsandstockeduponorganicfood,determinedtobecomea"full-timehealingaddict."Thenshepickedupthephoneandcalledeveryoneinheraddressbook,askingiftheyknewotheryoungwomenwithcancer.Theresultwasherownpersonal"cancerposse":
arockconcerttourmanager,amodel,afashionmagazineeditor,acartoonistandaMTVcelebrity,tonameafew.Thisclubof "cancerbabes"offeredsupport,adviceandfashiontips,amongotherthings.
Ms.CarrputhercancerexperienceinarecentLearningChanneldocumentary,andshehaswrittenapracticalguideabouthowshecoped.Cancerisn’tfunny,butMs.Carroftenis.Sheswears,shemakesupnamesforthepeoplewhotreather(Dr.FabulousandDr.Guru),andsheevenmakessecondsoundfun("cancerroadtrips,"shecallsthem).
Sheleavesthemedicaladvicetodoctors,insteadofferinginsightfulandpracticaltipsthatreflecttheworldviewofayoungadult."Irefusedtoletcancerruinmyparty,"shewrites."There
arejusttoomanycoolthingstodoandplanandlivefor."
Ms.Carrstillhascancer,butithasstoppedprogressing.Hercancertipsincludeusingtime-savingmasse-mailstokeepfriendsinformed,sewingorbuyingfashionablehospitalgownssoyou’renotstuckwithregulationblueorgrayandplayingGloriaGaynor’s"IWillSurvive"soloudyouneighborscallthepolice.Ms.Carralsoadvisesaneyebrowwaxandanewoutfitbeforeyoutelltheimportantpeopleinyourillness."peopleyoutellaregoingtocautiousandnotsocautiouslytrytoseethecancer,sodazzleth