初三定语从句PPT课件.ppt

初三定语从句PPT课件.ppt

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初三英语组,定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。

（以分词、介词短语为例）例：

ThegirlbehindthetreeisKate.Themandrivingtoofastwasdrunk.,定语从句在英语中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。

例：

ThegirlwhoisbehindthetreeisKate.Themanwhowasdrivingtoofastwasdrunk.,关系代词如何引导定语从句普通代词与关系代词的区别Ihaveasister.SheworksinShanghai.代替sister普通代词：

只起代替的作用（如上例she）Ihaveasisterwho/thatworksinShanghai.关系代词：

（如上例who/which）,1.代替先行词;2.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;3.同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。

（把主句和从句连起来）,Thebuildingisourschool.Thebuildingstandsbytheriver.,关系代词的使用取决于先行词，它们的关系非常密切，因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的人称、数必须和先行词一致。

Thebuildingwhich/thatstandsbytheriverisourschool.先行词关系词定语从句,which/that是关系代词，它在从句中代替先行词thebuilding,同时担任从句中的主语，也起连词的作用，把两个简单句连接起来。

关系词判断步骤:

首先，要看先行词。

如果先行词是指人,关系代词可用who,that,whom,whose。

如果先行词指物,关系代词可用which或that;,然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。

请看下表,最后，定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致.注:

定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。

Thewomanwho/thatspokeatthemeetingyesterdayismymother.（主句）Thewomanismymother.（叙述客观事实用一般现在时）（从句）Thewoman（who/that）spokeatthemeetingyesterday.（句中yesterday表示过去时间）,thetallthestrongtheclever,boy,TheboyisTom.,TheboywhoistallisTom.,TheboywhoisstrongisTom,TheboywhoiscleverisTom,TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.,TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.,TheboywhoissmilingisTom.（主语）,TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.,TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.,TheboywhositsinfrontofmeisTom.,Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.,Theman（who）everyonelikesiskind.（宾语）,Thewomangotthejob.Wesawheronthestreet.,Thewoman（whom）wesawonthestreetgotthejob.,Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Wemettheteacheryesterday.,Theteacher（whom）wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.,关系代词,1.who指人,作主语或宾语（作宾语可省略）,Theman（who）Italkedwithisourteacher.,Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.,2.whom指人,作宾语（作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省）,Theman（whom/who）ItalkedtoisMr.Li.,ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.,关系代词,3.whose是代词的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。

Pleaseshowmethebook.Itscoverisred.Pleaseshowmethebookwhosecoverisred.,Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen.,apple,theredthegreenthesmallthebig,Theapplewhichisredismine.,Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.,Theapplewhichisredissmall,Theapplewhichisgreenisbig.,Canyoufindthepen?

Iwrotewithitjustnow.,CanyoufindthepenwithwhichIwrotejustnow?

Canyoufindthepen（which）Iwrotewithjustnow?

4.which指物，作主语或宾语（作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省）,Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.,TheTVset（which）heboughtyesterdayismadeinJapan.,Isthisthelibrary（which）youborrowbooksfrom?

Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?

1）Thisisthehero（whom）weareproudof.Thisistheheroofwhomweareproud.Thisisthehero（that）weareproudof.,2）Theroom（that）Iliveinisverybig.Theroom（which）Iliveinisverybig.TheroominwhichIliveisverybig.TheroomwhereIliveisverybig.,注意:

固定动介词组不可分割,介词不能提前.例如:

lookafter,lookat,关系代词与介词:

介词放在关系代词的前面时,介词宾语只能用which代物,用whom代人。

（介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略）,定语从句中需注意事项有些情况下只用关系词that,而不宜用which1.从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时Thisisthemostinterestingstory（that）Ihaveeverheard.Thefirstmeeting（that）wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon.2.先行词是something,nothing,anything等不定代词时Hereissomething（that）Iwilltellyou.,3.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用thatIcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures（that）Isee.4.先行词是oneof,theone,或用little,much,few,no,all,some,any,theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast作修饰时Isittheonethatyouwant?

IhaventgotmuchthatIcanofferyou.5.当主句已有疑问词who或which时，用thatWhoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?

注:

who、that在指人可以通用，但下列宜用who,不用that1）.先行词是anyone,someone,those时，关系词使用whoThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.Isthereanyonewhowantstogothere?

2）.在therebe句型中，先行词指人,关系词用whoThereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou.Therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsthim.,关系副词,关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样,在从句中代替先行词,在句中作状语。

where:

在从句中作地点状语,指代地点.when:

在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。

1.Thehotelwasntclean.+Westayedatthehotel.,Thehotelwherewestayedwasntclean.Thehotelatwhichwestayedwasntclean.Thehotel（which）westayedatwasntclean.,2.Illneverforgettheday.IjoinedtheLeagueonthatday.IllneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheLeague.IllneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedtheLeague.,

（1）Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld.Wemetheryesterday.,Thescientistwemetyesterdayisverywhofamousintheworld.whomthat,

（2）Thedressisnew.Sheiswearingit.,Thedressthatsheiswearingisnew.which,（3）Heisthekindperson.Ihaveeverworkedwithhim.,（4）Thisisthebestfilm.Ihaveeverseenthisfilm.,HeisthekindpersonthatIhaveeverworkedwhowith.whom,ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.,单项选择。

1.Thisisthejob_theylaughedat.A.whichB.asC.itD.who2.BeihaiParkisabeautifulpark_builtabout300yearsago.A.wherewasB.thatwereC.whichwasD.where3.Whowasthegrey-hairedman_atyesterdaysmeetin