英语精读教学大纲及复习资料.docx

英语精读教学大纲及复习资料.docx

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英语精读教学大纲及复习资料

2001英语精读教学大纲及复习资料：

本学期精读教材为《大学英语》一二册。

每册共有十个单元，每一个单元由课文（Text）、生词（NewWords）、注释（Notes）、练习（Study&Practice）、阅读练习（ReadingActivity）和有引导的写作（GuidedWriting）六部分组成。

重点是培养学习者的阅读能力，同时兼顾写和说的能力的培养。

课文全部是选用原文材料，学习时应着眼全篇内容，同时掌握一些常用词和词组的用法。

练习包括朗读和背诵（ReadingloudandMemorizing）、课文理解（ComprehensionofText）、词汇（Vocabulary）、构词（WordBuilding）、结构（Structure）、完形填空（Cloze）和翻译（Translation）等部分。

朗读和背诵练习主要要求掌握句重音和意群的划分，并熟记课文的有关段落。

课文理解练习要求根据课文回答问题或针对某些内容陈述自己的看法，通过练习提高理解能力和口头表达能力。

词汇和构词练习目的是掌握现代英语中的主要构词法，借以扩大词汇量。

完形填空分A、B两篇。

前者目的是在语篇基础上巩固操练重点词和词组的用法。

后者较难，供学有余力不从心的学员借以进一步提高自己的英语水平。

翻译练习旨在培养熟练使用英语的能力。

阅读练习旨在培养学生的阅读技能,书中每一（或二）单元编列一项技能,并配有一篇内容与课文相近但难度较浅的阅读材料;其中之一1-4级的大纲词汇均加注汉语，要求掌握。

书中所设的复习题或自测题可以帮助巩固所学内容。

《大学英语》第一册较简单，学习时请参照注释进行，并完成课后练习。

第二册难度相对较大，现将每单元重点列举如下。

Unitone:

Languagefocalpoints:

1.manage（todosth）:

succeedinaccomplishingorhandling,esp.withaneffort

Example:

Hemanagedtopaintthewholeroominonehour.

2.signal:

（n.）movement,message,device,ect.Usedtoconveyinformation

Example:

Allvehiclesmuststopwhenthetrafficsignalturnsred.

（v.）sendasignalorsignalsto

Example:

SailorssignalSOSbyflags.

3.eversince:

fromthentillnow

Example:

Ihaveknownthemeversincetheycameherein1982.

4.knownas:

generallyrecognizedas;called

Example:

Theradiationzonesaroundtheearth,knownasVanAllenBelts,werediscoveredin1958.

5.benamedafter:

begiventhesamename（of）as

Example:

OureldersonwasnamedGeorgeafterhisuncle.

6.asto:

about;concerning

Example:

Thereisnodoubtastoherhonesty.

7.base…on:

buildorfound…on;use…asabasisfor

Example:

Weshouldalwaysbaseouropinionsonfacts.

8.foronething:

inthefirstplace（usedtointroduceareason,oftenthereasonthatfirstcomestothemind;sometimesfollowedby“foranother”）

Example:

We’dbettergiveuptheideaofmakingalongtripfortthecomingholiday.Foronething,thereisn’ttime;foranother,wedon’thaveenoughmoney.

9.becomposedof:

bemadeupof

Example:

Acarismainlycomposedofabody,anengine,andfourwheels.

10.survive:

（1）remainalive

Example:

AccordingtotheTheoryofEvolution,onlythefittestanimalssurvive.

（2）livelongerthan

Example:

Itisunnaturalforparentstosurvivetheirchildren.

11.indicate:

show

Example:

Earlyresultsoftheelectionindicatethatthe{rimeMinisterwillsoonlosehisjob.

12.beunfit（todosth./forsth.）:

benotsuitable（forsth./doingsth.）

Example:

Thosewhohavealowvoiceareunfittoteachlargeclasses.

13.keepdoingsth:

continuedoingsth

Example:

Myparentskeptencouragingmetostudyhard.

14.stickup:

projectupwards;standuprightortonend

Example:

Thegirl’shairhasstuckupstraightwithfright.

15.giveoff:

sendout;emit（asmell,ect）

Example:

Thechimneygivesoffalotofwastegas.

16.setback:

causetoputofforgetbehindschedule;reverseheprogressoff

Example:

Badweathersetbacktheconstructionofthebuildingbyonemonth.

17.Proceed:

continueafterhavingstopped

Example:

Heglancedatthenewcomerandproceededwithtyping.

Unittwo

1.shortly:

soon

Example:

Hediedshortlyafterthecarcrash.

2.trackdown:

findbydeterminedsearchingorhunting

Example:

Shespentweeksinthelibrarytrackingdownreferenceinformationinalmostallthebooksonthesubject.

3.bare:

（a.）notcovered;withnoplantsgrowingonit

nomorethan;mere

（v.）reveal

4.springup:

arise,developorgrowquicklyandasiffromnowhere

Example:

Suspicionsprangupinhermind.

5.at（the）sightof:

onseeing

Example:

Atsightofthepoliceofficerthethieftooktohisheels.

6.feellike:

feeladesirefor;beinclinedfororto

Example:

Whatlovelyweather!

Idofeellikeaswim.

7.motion（v.）giveasignalbymovingthehandorthead

（n..）signalbyhandorhead;moving

Example:

Hemotionedmetositdownwhiletalkingintothephone.

Hemadeamotionwithhishandtomakemesitdown.

8.fightensb.intodoing:

causesb.todosth.Byfrighteninghim

Example:

Theytriedeverypossiblemeanstofrightentheoldmanintosigningthepaper.

9.emerge:

comeorappearfromsomewhere

Example:

Themoonemergedfrombehindclouds.

eto:

returntoconsciousness

Example:

Thedrivercametoslowlyaftertheaccident.

11.makefor:

gotoward;startinthedirectionof

Example:

Itwasgettingdark;theyturnedandmadeforhome.

12.lightup:

givelightto;becomeormakebrightwithlightorcolour

Example:

Theskylightsupatsunset.

Unitthree

1.obtain:

getthrougheffort

Example:

theoldwomanwhoobtainedherdegreeattheageof74wonrespectfromothers

2.gooutofone’sway（todosth.）:

makeaspecialeffortorexertoneselfmorethanusual（todosth.）

Example:

Janewentoutofherwaytobenicetothenewcomer.

3.threaten:

hangoverdangerously;utterathreatagainst

givewarningof

Example:

OliverTwistwasthreatenedintostealing.

Thedarkcoludsthreatenedrain.

4.refuse,decline,reject:

theyallmean“tobeunwillingtoaccept,receiveortakeintoconsideration”.Butrefuseisstrongerthandecline,oftensuggestingfirmnessandsometimesevenbluntness.Decline,ontheotherhand,istorefusepolitelyandisoftenapplicabletosituationswhereinvitationstosocialeventsareturneddown.Andrejectismoreemphaticthanrefuse,implyinganunmistakabledenial.

Examples:

Iwonderwhyherefusedtodiscusstheproblematthemeeting.

IdeclinedherinvitationtothedinnerpartybecauseIhadapriorappointment.

Sherejectedhismarriageproposal.

5.leave…to…leavesb.inchargeof

Example:

I’llleaveittoyoutosettleallthebusiness.

6.prefer:

choose（onething）ratherthan（another）

Example:

Iprefertypingtowritingbyhand.

7.acton:

dosth.Inaccordancewith;follow

Example:

Actingonthedoctor’ssuggestion,thewomenhasdecidedtogoonadiet.

8.leavebehind:

abandon;forgettotakeorbringalong

9.ofone’sage:

oftheperiodortimeinwhichonelives

Example:

Hewasthemostbrilliantcomposerofhisage/

10.besuperiorto:

bebetterthan

Example:

Theywerefarsuperiorinnumbertotheirenemy.

11.talent:

specialnaturalability

sb.withspecialnaturalability

Examples:

Shegaveupplayingthepianobecauseshedidnothavemuchtalentformusic.

Mozartwasknownasatalentwhenhewasveryyoung

12.aboveall:

mostimportantofall

Example:

Neverwasteanything,butaboveallneverwastetime.

13.owesth.tosb./sth.:

beobligedtosb..forsth.;

Example:

WeowethatimportantnewdiscoverytoAlbertEinstein.

Unitfour

1.apply:

writetoaskfor（ajob,membership,）

（causeto）haveabearingon;concern

makeuseof

Examples:

Outofth5000highschoolgraduateswhoappliedforthisfamousuniversity,onlyahandfulwasomitted

Thisruleonlyappliestopeopleabove60.

Einsteinwasnotinterestednknowinghowpeopleappliedhistheoriestopractice.

2.beshortof:

havenotenough;beinwantof

Example:

Iamshortofcashatthemoment.

3.chance:

possibility;probability

Example:

Wehavelittlechanceofwinningthegame.

4.depress:

makesad;press,pushortpulldown;makelower

Examples:

Iwasdepressedafterreadingsomuchdepressingnews.

Ifyoudepressthebuttonthere,arobotwillcomeouttoservetea.

TheOPECcountriesdepressedtheiroiloutputamonthago.

5.undo:

untie;cancel

Examples:

Inthestruggleherhairturnedundone.

Whatisdonecannotbeundone.

6.stale:

uninterestingbecauseheardbefore

7.attach:

give（to）,fasten（to）:

HeattachedacabletohisTVset

join:

Severalhospitalsareattachedtothismedicalschool.

bindbyloveoraffection:

ThemajorityofoverseasChinesearedeeplyattachedtotheirmothercountry.

8.inturn:

oneafteranother

Example:

Theyspokeinturnatthemeeting.

9.consistof:

bemadeupof

10.protest:

（v.）（n.）Heprotestedtothebossthathewasoverworked.

Steelworkersmade/lodge/enteraprotestagainstwagereduction

11.constitute:

form,makeup

Example:

Nineplanetsconstitutethesolarsystem.

Unitfive

1.modest:

moderate;notlargeinsizeoramount

Example:

Theyboughtamodesthouseinthenorthernsuburb.

2.atease:

relaxedandcomfortable

Thedoctorsoonmadetheworriedpatientfeelatease.

3.correspondwith:

exchangeletterswith

4.somuchsothat:

tosuchanextentthat

Example:

HelongedtovisitPares,somuchsothatheoftendreamtaboutit.

5.revertto:

gobackto

Example:

Mythoughtrevertedtomychildhooddays.

6.exclusively:

only;completely

7.pursue:

goafter

Example:

Itisillegalforthunterstopursueextremelyyounganimals

8.takeapart:

separate（sth）intoparts

Example:

Theprofessorspentthewholeafternoontakingaparthisoldcar.

9.approach:

（n.）methodofdoingsth.;way;comingnear

（v.）comenear

Examples:

Writerstakeamoreromanticapproachtothehistoriceventthanhistorians.

Allapproachestotheparkwereblockedaftertheexplosion.

Thepopstariseasyofapproach.

10.workout:

solve

Example:

Youseemtohavetheproblemnicelyworkedout.

11.profound:

deep

Example:

TheBermudaTriangleholdsoneoftheworld’smostprofoundmysteries.

12.singleout:

separateorchoosefromagroupforspecialtreatmentornotice

Example:

Allofusdidaverygoodjobbuttheteachersingledhimoutforpraise.

Unitsix

1.encounter,meet:

Encounterisasynonymformeet.Itisamoreformalwordandstronglyimpliesacasualorunexpectedmeeting.

Examples:

Hepromisedtomeetherattheairport.

HeencounteredanoldfriendofminewhoIhadnotseenforages.

2.critical:

fault-finding

Example:

Sheblusheduponhearingthosecriticalremarks.

3.havetroubledoingsth.:

havedifficultydoingsth.

Example:

Theboyhadalotoftroublegettingupearlyinwinter.

4.resolve:

（v.）solve;decide（n.）s