写作高级词汇替换.docx

写作高级词汇替换.docx

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写作高级词汇替换

句子的写作

文章无论长短，都是由句子组成的。

要想写出漂亮的英文作文，就需使用正确无误的、符合英文文法的句子。

从用途来分，句子可以分为陈述句，疑问句，祈使句和感叹句；从结构来分，句子可分为简单句，并列句，复合句。

英文句子千变万化，但无论怎样，都离不开五种基本句型。

1.写作指导--五种基本句型

（1）主语+谓语Myfathersmokesalot.Somearedancing,somearesinging.

（2）主语+连系动词+表语

SheisanEnglishteacher.Theoneinredshirtismyuncle.

（3）主语+谓语+宾语

HelikeslearningChinese.Wealldonatedourpocketmoney.

（4）主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语

Mr.WangteachesusEnglish.Ilenthermybook.

【注意】并不是所有得动词都能用于此句型。

除以上两词外，能用于此句型的动词主要有两大类:

（1）bring,give,sell,show,take,tell,throw,writebuy,find,get,leave,make,save,choose等。

（5）主语+谓语+宾语+宾补

Wechosehimourmonitor.

2.使用高级词汇

1．occur替换thinkof

SuddenlyIhadanideathatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.→

Anideaoccurredtomethatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.

Itoccurredtomethatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.

2．devote替换spend

Hespendsallhissparetimeinreading.→

Hedevotesallhissparetimetoreading.

3．seek替换want/lookfor

Theysought（wanted）tohidethemselvesbehindthetrees.

4．average替换ordinary

I’manaverage（ordinary）student.

5．but替换very

Thefilmwesawlastnightwasveryinteresting.→

Thefilmwesawlastnightwasnothingbutinteresting.

Thefilmwesawlastnightwasanythingbutboring.

6．seat替换sit

Onhiswaytoschool,hefoundanoldladyseated（sitting）bytheroad,lookingworried.

7．suppose替换should

Heissupposedto（should）havedrivenmoreslowly.

8．appreciate替换thank

Thankyouverymuchforyouhelp.→

Weappreciateyourhelpverymuch./Yourhelpismuchappreciated.

9．thecase替换true

Idon’tthinkitisthecase（true）.

10．on替换assoonas

Assoonashearrived,hebeganhisresearch.→

Onhisarrival,hebeganhisresearch..

11．dueto替换becauseof

Hearrivedlatedueto（becauseof）thestorm.

12．cover替换walk/read

Aftercovering（walking）10miles,weallfelttired.

13．contributeto替换behelpful/useful

PlentyofmemoryworkisundoubtedlyhelpfultoEnglishstudy.→

PlentyofmemoryworkwillundoubtedlycontributetoEnglishstudy.

14．roundthecorner替换comingsoon/nearby

①Thesummervacationisroundthecorner（coming）.Doyouhaveanyplans?

②LiMingstudiesinaschoolroundthecorner（nearby）.

15．cometolight替换discover

Thefamilyweresopleasedwhentheydiscoveredthelostjewels.→

Thefamilyweresopleasedwhenthelostjewelscametolight.

16．comeupwith替换thinkof

Jackisveryclever.Heoftencomesupwith（thinksof）newideas.

17．setaside替换save

Somestudentsthinkthattheyshouldsetasidesomeoftheirpocketmoneyforbooks.（2004天津卷）

18．beof+n.替换adj.

Theproductsareofhighquality（verygood）andaresoldeverywhereinChina.

19．referto替换talkabout/of,mention

Theprofessoryoureferredto（talkedabout）isveryfamous.

20．cannotbut/cannothelpbut替换havetodo

Icouldnotbut（hadto）gohome.

21．moreoftenthannot替换usually

Moreoftenthannot（Usually）,themeaningofmanywordscanbeeasilyguessed.

22．belongforsth./belongtodosth.替换wanttodosth./wishfor

Iwanttoseeyouverymuch.→

Iamlongtoseeyou.

23．becaughtupin/becrazyabout/beabsorbedin/beaddictedto替换beinterestedin

Heiscaughtupin（veryinterestedin）collectingstamps.

24．morethan替换very

①I’mverygladtolearnthatyouarecominginSeptember.→

I’mmorethangladtolearnthatyouarecominginSeptember.（NMET2003）

②IfthereisanythingIcandoforyou,Iwouldbemorethangladtohelp.

25．perfect（ly）替换good/verywell

Hespeaksperfect（good）English./HespeaksEnglishperfectly（verywell）.

26．dosba/thefavor替换help

Wouldyoupleasedomethefavor（helpme）toturndowntheradio?

27．theotherday替换afewdaysago

TheotherdaymybrotherandIwenttothecinemabybicycle.（NMET1997）

28．inthecourseof替换during

Inthecourseof（During）themountain-climbing,pleasehelpeachotherandpayspecialattentiontoyoursafety.

29．themajorityof替换most

Themajorityof（Mostof）theintervieweespreferwatchingTVathometogoingtothecinema.

30．consistof替换bemadeupof

Ourclassconsistsof（ismadeupof）50students.

31．bewornout替换betired

①Afterfivehours’non-stopwork,wewereallwornout（tired）.

②Myshoesarewornout（broken）.Pleasebuymeanewpair.

32．becomeof替换happen

Whatdothinkhasbecomeof（happenedto）him?

33．attendto替换lookafter

34．onconditionthat替换aslongas

35．nevertheless替换however

36．expressone’ssatisfactionwith替换besatisfiedwith

37．sparenoeffortstodo替换tryone’sbesttodo

38．manya替换many

39．berushedoffone’sfeet替换bebusyindoing

40．meanwhile替换atthesametime

41．gettoone’sfeet替换standup

42．occasionally替换sometimes/onceinwhile

43．forinstance替换forexample

44．seldom替换notoften

45．wealthy替换rich

46．amazing替换surprising

47．asamatteroffact替换infact

3高级句型结构

◆It句型

①Itwillbe+sometime+before…

Itwon’tbelongbeforehumansvisittheMars.

②Itis+adj./n.+forsbtodosth.

Itisveryimportantforustolearncomputerwell,becauseithaschangedourlifesomuch.

HesaidsinceitwasanewmodelinChina,itwasimpossibletofixitwithouttherightspareparts.（2008年湖北卷）

③Itis+被强调部分+that…

1）ItiswhatYangLiweihasdonethatencouragesusalot.

2）Thosewholikereadingextensivelysayitisthroughreadingthatwegetourknowledge.

◆more…thananyother表示最高级

Amongtheoptionalcourses,spokenEnglishandcomputerstudyaremorepopularthananyoneelse.

◆名词从句

①Itwouldmeanagreatdealtometolistentothetapeandlearnwhatiscoveredinthetalk.（2004全国卷Ⅲ）

②Myhometownisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.

◆（非限制性）定语从句

①TheflatisinabuildingonFangcaoStreet.ItisnotfarfromJianxinChineseSchool.→

TheflatisinabuildingonFangcaoStreet,whichisnotfarfromJianxinChineseSchool.（NMET2003）

②Itwasquiteanexperienceforusboth,whichI’llneverforgetfortherestofmylife.（2002北京卷）

◆分词结构

①Idon’tknowaboutothers,butIusedtohavetoworkevenatweekendsdoingendlesshomeworkandattendingclassesaswell.（NMET2001）

②We’llmostlystayathomeintheeveningwatchingTV,playinggames,andmeetingpeople.（2004全国卷Ⅱ）

③Hearingthis,afewpeoplebegantorunafterhim.（2004辽宁卷）

④BorninAmerican,ThomasEdisonwasagreatscientistandinventor.

◆with结构

①Aterribleaccidenthappenedyesterday,withninepeoplekilledandalmosteightyinjured.

②Hewascarryingabedrollandalargebagonhisshoulder,withalargesuitcaseinhislefthand.

◆倒装句

①Thelibraryistotheeastoftheteachingbuilding.→

Eastoftheteachingbuildingisthelibrary.

②Althoughwearetired,wearehappy.→

Tiredasweare,wearehappy.

③Onlyinthiswaycanhegrowtobeausefulman.（2002上海卷）

④Mayallyourdreamscometrue!

Mayourfriendshiplasttilltheendoftheuniverse.!

（2007年湖南卷）

◆被动语态

①Opinionsaredividedonthequestion.（NMET2002）

②Allclassesaretaughtbyteacherswithrichexperienceinteachingforeignstudents.（2004全国卷Ⅳ）

③Newfactories,housesandroadshavebeenbuilt.（2004江苏卷）

◆巧妙的改写

（1）．Only改成noonebut

OnlyTompassedtheexamlastweek.→NoonebutTompassedtheexam.

（2）．assoonas…改成Nosooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/ThemomentNosoonerhadwearrivedatthecinemathanthefilmstarted.

（3）．havesb/sthdo/done

Thegirlwasknockedoffherbicycleandhadherlegbroken（herlegwasbroken.）.

（4）．变换插入语的位置

①However,theysuggestfeesshouldbechargedlow.→

Theysuggest,however,feesshouldbechargedlow.（NMET2002）

②Ithinkthisisagoodchanceforyoutoshowyoursingingtalent,andhowwellyou’velearnedChinese.→

Thisisagoodchanceforyou,Ithink,toshowyoursingingtalent,andhowwellyou’velearnedChinese.（2004全国卷Ⅰ）

（5）.用同位语代替非限制性定语从句

Meimei,whoissevenyearsold,hasbeenlearningtorideabicycleforseveraldays.→

Meimei,agirlofthirteen,hasbeenlearningtorideabicycleforseveraldays.

Shakespeare,asonfromapoorfamily,amanoflittleeducation,wroteplaysandpoemsthatarereadallovertheworld.（2008年湖南卷）

◆其它

（1）注重句子的开头

①用with复合结构开头

Withthesunsettinginthewest,wehadtowavegoodbyetotheworkers.

Withhishelp,we'velearnedhowtoanalyzeandsettleproblems.

②用非谓语动词形式开头

ⅰ）InordertoimproveourEnglish,ourschoolheldanEnglishcontest.

ⅱ）Walkingtowardsthecinema,hemetaforeigner.

（2）长短句交错使用（注意：

应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好）

实战训练

1.在过去的几年，北京发生了巨大的变化。

2.我很高兴地收到你2006年2月12日的来信。

3.我期待着不久收到你的来信。

4.总而言之，email在我们的日常生活中扮演着多么重要的角色啊！

5.不仅我喜爱英语，而且我酷爱音乐，尤其是古典音乐。

6.另外，我们还将邀请来自清华大学的Johnson教授为我们在图书馆的二层阅览室作关于禽流感的报告

7.我正走在去往学校的路上，突然这是我听到不远处传来“救命！

救命！

”

8.学校教学楼的东边矗立着一座实验楼，在那里我们每天做着各种试验。

9.有许多学生在操场上玩篮球，梦想着有朝一日成为姚明。

10.正如从图表中所展示的，我们年级百分之四十的学生课后从事体育活动。

11.我跑到河边，脱了外衣，毫不犹豫地跳进冰冷的水里。

12.我正要出门，突然这时天开始下雨。

13.令我吃惊的是，这些人不顾后果，到处乱贴小广告。

14.许多古树在这次大火中严重地破坏了。

15.他有许多爱好，例如游泳、唱歌和滑冰。

16.一些人随意砍伐树木，一些人猎杀飞鸟，一些人乱扔废纸，这些对我们的环境都造成了恶劣的影响。

17.曾经一度，每天直到11点钟李明才上床睡觉，目的是为了弥补落下的功课。

18.我一进入云雾山，就被那自然的美景所打动。

19.我将尽力节省我的零花钱，捐给贫困地区的孩子们。

20.一些有效的措施必须被政府采取，让北京的天更蓝，水更清。

◆◆相关过渡语

1）.表示时间顺序:

first,then,afterwards,meanwhile,later，firstofall,finally,atlast…

2）.表示空间顺序:

near,nextto,farfrom,infrontof,ontheleft,ononeside…

3）.表示比较、对照:

like,unlike,suchas,but,however,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,nevertheless,otherwise…

4）.表示因果关系:

because,for,asaresult,therefore,thus…

5）.表示递进关系:

besides,what’smore,whatwasworse,moreover,furthermore,inaddition,ontopof…

6）.表示并列关系:

and,aswellas,also…

7）.表示总结性:

ingeneral,inaword,inshort,onthewhole,tosumup,inbrief,toconclude…

附1.英语作文常用结构

一）段首句

1.任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。

它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。

Everythinghastwos