高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day 14.docx

高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day 14.docx

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高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day14

高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day14

Passage1

Weareallinterestedinequality,butwhilesomepeopletrytoprotecttheschoolandexaminationsysteminthenameofequality,other,stillinthenameofequality,wantonlytodestroyit.

Anysocietywhichisinterestedinequalityofopportunityandstandardsofachievementmustregularlytestitspupils.Thestandardsmaybechanged—noexaminationisperfect—buttohavenoexternaltestsorexaminationswouldmeantheendofequalityandofstandards.Therearegroupsofpeoplewhoopposethisviewandwhodonotbelieveeitherinexaminationsorinanycontrolsinschooloronteachers.Thiswouldmeanthateverythingwoulddependonlucksinceeverypupilwoulddependontheefficiency,thevaluesandthepurposeofeachteacher.

Withoutexaminations,employerswilllookforemployeesfromthehighlyrespectedschoolsandfromfamiliesknowntothem—aformoffavourtismwillreplaceequality.Atthemoment,thebrightchildfromanill-respectedschoolcanshowcertificatestoproveheorsheissuitableforajob,whilethelakeofcertificateindicatestheunsuitabilityofadullchildattendingawell-respectedschool.Thisdefendofexcellenceandopportunitywoulddisappearifexaminationsweretakenaway,andthebrightchildfromapoorfamilywouldbeaprisonerofhisorherschool'sreputation,unabletocompeteforemploymentwiththechildfromthefavouredschool.

Theopponentsoftheexaminationsystemsuggestthatexaminationsareanevilforcebecausetheyshowdifferencesbetweenpupils.Accordingtothesepeople,theremustbenospecial,different,academicclass.Theyhaveevensuggestedthatthereshouldbenoformofdifferenceinsportoranyotherarea:

alljobsorpostsshouldbefilledbyunsystematicselection.Theselectionwouldbemadebypeoplewhothemselvesareprobablyselectedbysomecomputer.

1.Theword“favouritism”inparagraph3isusedtodescribethephenomenonthat______.

A.brightchildrenalsoneedcertificatestogetsatisfyingjobs

B.childrenfromwell-respectedschoolstendtohavegoodjobs

C.poorchildrenwithcertificatesarefavouredinjobmarkets

D.childrenattendingordinaryschoolsachievegreatsuccess

2.Whatwouldhappenifexaminationsweretakenawayaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Schoolsforbrightchildrenwouldlosetheirreputation.

B.Therewouldbemoreopportunitiesandexcellence.

C.Childrenfrompoorfamilieswouldbeabletochangetheirschools.

D.Children'sjobopportunitywouldbeaffectedbytheirschoolreputation.

3.Theopponentsoftheexaminationsystemwillagreethat______.

A.jobsshouldnotbeassignedbysystematicselection

B.computersshouldbeselectedtotakeovermanyjobs

C.specialclassesarenecessarytokeeptheschoolstandards

D.schoolswithacademicsubjectsshouldbedoneawaywith

4.Thepassagemainlyfocuseson______.

A.schoolsandcertificatesB.examinationandequality

C.opportunityandemploymentD.standardsandreputation

Passage2

Thinkingissomethingyouchoosetodoasafishchoosestoliveinwater.Tobehumanistothink.Butthinkingmaycomenaturallywithoutyourknowinghowyoudoit.Thinkingaboutthinkingisthekeytocritical（判断性的）thinking.Whenyouthinkcritically,youtakecontrolofyourthinkingprocesses（过程）.Otherwise,youmightbecontrolledbytheideasofothers.Indeed,criticalthinkingisattheheartofeducation.

Theword“critical”herehasaspecialmeaning.Itdoesnotmeantakingoneviewagainstanotherview,aswhensomeonecriticizesanotherpersonfordoingsomethingwrong.Thenatureofcriticalthinkingisthinkingbeyondtheeasilyseen—beyondthepicturesonTV,theuntruereportsinthenewspapers,andthefaultyreasoning.

Criticalthinkingisanattitudeasmuchasanactivity.Ifyouarecuriousaboutlifeanddesiretodigdeeperintoit,youareacriticalthinker.Ifyoufindpleasureindeepthinkingaboutdifferentideas,characters,andfacts,youareacriticalthinker.

Activitiesofthemindandhigher-orderreasoningareprocessesofdeepandcarefulconsideration.Theytaketime,anddonotgohandinhandwiththefastspeedintoday'sworld:

fastfoods,instantcoffee,andself-developingfilm.Ifyouareamongthepeoplewhobelievethatspeedisameasureofintelligence（智力）,youmaylearnsomethingnewfromastoryaboutAlbertEinstein.ThefirsttimeBaneshHoffman,ascientist,wastodiscusshisworkwithAlbertEinstein,Hoffmanwastoonervoustospeak.ButEinsteinimmediatelyputHoffmanateasebysaying,“Pleasegoslowly.Idon'tunderstandthingsquickly.”

1.Criticalthinkingisimportanttousbecauseifwedonotthinkcritically,______.

A.itwillbehardforustothinknaturallyandfast

B.wemightbecontrolledbyotherpeople'sideas

C.wewillfollowtheideasofothersnaturally

D.wemightbefooledbyotherpeople'sideas

2.Ifyouareacriticalthinker,youwill______.

A.thinkdeeplyaboutdifferentideas

B.trustthereportsinthenewspapers

C.takeoneviewagainstanotherview

D.criticizeotherpeoplefortheirmistakes

3.Inthelastparagraph,“somethingnew”suggeststhat______.

A.thesmarteryouare,thefasteryoudothings

B.thefasteryoudothings,thesmarteryoubecome

C.speedcanimproveintelligence

D.intelligenceisnotdecidedbyspeed

4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ThinkingandCriticalThinking.

B.UnderstandingCriticalThinking.

C.ThinkingIsNaturalandHuman.

D.ThinkingFastMeansIntelligence.

Passage3

"Hergradesarefine;I'mnotworriedaboutthat,butshejustdoesn'tseemtolovelearninganymore,"

Alice'smumsaid.

She'sabsolutelyright.I'dnoticedthesamethingaboutherdaughterovertheprevioustwoorthreeyearswhenI'dbeenAlice'smiddleschoolteacher,andIhaveananswer,rightthereonthetipofmytongue,towhathasgonewrong.YetI'mtornbetweenmyresponsibilitytohelpAliceandtheknowledgethatwhatIhavetosayisatruthI'mnotsurethismotherisreadytohear.

Thetruthforthisparentandsomanyothersisthis：

Herchildhassacrificedhernaturalcuriosityandloveoflearningatthealtarofachievement,andit'sourfault.Alice'sparents,herteachers,societyatlarge-weareallsupposedtobeblamedinthiscrimeagainstlearning.Fromherfirstdayofschool,wepointedhertowardthataltarandtrainedhertomeasureherprogressbymeansofpoints,scores,andawards.

WetaughtAlicethatherpotentialistiedtoherintellect（智力）,andthatherintellectismoreimportantthanhercharacter.WetaughthertocomehomeproudlybearinggradeAs,championshipprizes,andcollegeacceptance,andnotonpurpose,wetaughtherthatwedon'treallycarehowsheobtainsthem.Wetaughthertoprotectheracademicandextracurricular（课外的）perfectionatallcostsandthatit'sbettertoquitwhenthingsgetchallengingratherthanrisklosingthatperfectrecord.Aboveallelse,wetaughthertofearfailure.Thatfeariswhathasdestroyedherloveoflearning.

1.WecaninferfromParagraph2thattheauthor______.

A.thinksAliceisright

B.isuncertainoftheanswer

C.hesitatestoexpressanidea

D.wonderswhythemotherisworried

2.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedwords"atthealtarof"？

______

A.insteadofB.attheriskof

C.atthelossofD.intheinterestof

3.WhathasreallymadeAlicechangeherattitudetolearning？

______

A.Beingslowinstudy.B.Fearofbadgrades.

C.Difficultyinstudy.D.Pressfromparents.

4.Whatismoreimportantforateenagerintheauthor'sopinion？

______

A.Hisknowledge.B.Hisintellect.

C.Hischaracter.D.Hisachievement.

Passage4

Theyear3700,Earthisfartoohotforanyhumantocallithome.Onthisplanetatleast,manisnothingmorethanamemory-ifthereisanythinglefttorememberthe"wiseman".Butwhataboutourwisdom-willanyofitsurviveus？

Theconventionalanswerisno.Knowledgerequiresaknower,andtherewillbenoknowingmindsaroundthen.Butifinformationsurvives,perhapsinbooksorharddrives,maybetheknowledgeisn'tquitedeadbutdormant（休眠）,readytobecomealivewiththehelpofothermindsthatdevelopovertimeorcometovisitEarthinthedistantfuture.

Atfirstsight,thatseemstobereasonable：

afterall,wehavedonesimilarthingswithpastknowledge.Forexample,wesavedanancientcomputerfromashipdestroyedatseaoffthesoutherncoastofGreece,andsucceededinfindingthemeaningofEgyptianhieroglyphics（象形文字）.Carefulworkcanbringpreviouslylostwisdombacktolife.

However,thekeypointisthatthereisacertainculturalcontinuitywiththoseancienttimesthatallowsustoreasonandmakeprogressinthedark：

weknowwearedealingwiththelegacy（遗赠）ofotherhumans.

Withoutthatlink,thesurvivalofobjectsandrawdatadoesn'tguaranteethesurvivalofknowledge.Andalackofcontinuityinlanguagewithanyfutureintelligencewouldbeabarrier.Knowledgeiscloselyconnectedwithlanguage.Whenalanguagediesout,wecanlosesystemsofreasoningthattheycontain.Ifthat'slost,thenitcan'tberecovered.

Allthismeansthatothermindsmightnotbeabletofullymakehumanknowledgealivewhenwearegone.Itisbettertoconcentrateonnotdyingoutinthefirstplace.

1.WhatisthemainpurposeofParagraph1？

______

A.Topresentaninterestingidea.

B.Tostateaproblemofthefuture.

C.Toinformusoftheearthin3700.

D.Tointroducethetopicofthetext.

2.Whatdothewords"similarthings"inParagraph3probablyreferto？

______

A.Developingtheminds.

B.Rememberingthewiseman.

C.Makinglostwisdomaliveag