高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day 14.docx
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高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day14
高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day14
Passage1
Weareallinterestedinequality,butwhilesomepeopletrytoprotecttheschoolandexaminationsysteminthenameofequality,other,stillinthenameofequality,wantonlytodestroyit.
Anysocietywhichisinterestedinequalityofopportunityandstandardsofachievementmustregularlytestitspupils.Thestandardsmaybechanged—noexaminationisperfect—buttohavenoexternaltestsorexaminationswouldmeantheendofequalityandofstandards.Therearegroupsofpeoplewhoopposethisviewandwhodonotbelieveeitherinexaminationsorinanycontrolsinschooloronteachers.Thiswouldmeanthateverythingwoulddependonlucksinceeverypupilwoulddependontheefficiency,thevaluesandthepurposeofeachteacher.
Withoutexaminations,employerswilllookforemployeesfromthehighlyrespectedschoolsandfromfamiliesknowntothem—aformoffavourtismwillreplaceequality.Atthemoment,thebrightchildfromanill-respectedschoolcanshowcertificatestoproveheorsheissuitableforajob,whilethelakeofcertificateindicatestheunsuitabilityofadullchildattendingawell-respectedschool.Thisdefendofexcellenceandopportunitywoulddisappearifexaminationsweretakenaway,andthebrightchildfromapoorfamilywouldbeaprisonerofhisorherschool'sreputation,unabletocompeteforemploymentwiththechildfromthefavouredschool.
Theopponentsoftheexaminationsystemsuggestthatexaminationsareanevilforcebecausetheyshowdifferencesbetweenpupils.Accordingtothesepeople,theremustbenospecial,different,academicclass.Theyhaveevensuggestedthatthereshouldbenoformofdifferenceinsportoranyotherarea:
alljobsorpostsshouldbefilledbyunsystematicselection.Theselectionwouldbemadebypeoplewhothemselvesareprobablyselectedbysomecomputer.
1.Theword“favouritism”inparagraph3isusedtodescribethephenomenonthat______.
A.brightchildrenalsoneedcertificatestogetsatisfyingjobs
B.childrenfromwell-respectedschoolstendtohavegoodjobs
C.poorchildrenwithcertificatesarefavouredinjobmarkets
D.childrenattendingordinaryschoolsachievegreatsuccess
2.Whatwouldhappenifexaminationsweretakenawayaccordingtotheauthor?
A.Schoolsforbrightchildrenwouldlosetheirreputation.
B.Therewouldbemoreopportunitiesandexcellence.
C.Childrenfrompoorfamilieswouldbeabletochangetheirschools.
D.Children'sjobopportunitywouldbeaffectedbytheirschoolreputation.
3.Theopponentsoftheexaminationsystemwillagreethat______.
A.jobsshouldnotbeassignedbysystematicselection
B.computersshouldbeselectedtotakeovermanyjobs
C.specialclassesarenecessarytokeeptheschoolstandards
D.schoolswithacademicsubjectsshouldbedoneawaywith
4.Thepassagemainlyfocuseson______.
A.schoolsandcertificatesB.examinationandequality
C.opportunityandemploymentD.standardsandreputation
Passage2
Thinkingissomethingyouchoosetodoasafishchoosestoliveinwater.Tobehumanistothink.Butthinkingmaycomenaturallywithoutyourknowinghowyoudoit.Thinkingaboutthinkingisthekeytocritical(判断性的)thinking.Whenyouthinkcritically,youtakecontrolofyourthinkingprocesses(过程).Otherwise,youmightbecontrolledbytheideasofothers.Indeed,criticalthinkingisattheheartofeducation.
Theword“critical”herehasaspecialmeaning.Itdoesnotmeantakingoneviewagainstanotherview,aswhensomeonecriticizesanotherpersonfordoingsomethingwrong.Thenatureofcriticalthinkingisthinkingbeyondtheeasilyseen—beyondthepicturesonTV,theuntruereportsinthenewspapers,andthefaultyreasoning.
Criticalthinkingisanattitudeasmuchasanactivity.Ifyouarecuriousaboutlifeanddesiretodigdeeperintoit,youareacriticalthinker.Ifyoufindpleasureindeepthinkingaboutdifferentideas,characters,andfacts,youareacriticalthinker.
Activitiesofthemindandhigher-orderreasoningareprocessesofdeepandcarefulconsideration.Theytaketime,anddonotgohandinhandwiththefastspeedintoday'sworld:
fastfoods,instantcoffee,andself-developingfilm.Ifyouareamongthepeoplewhobelievethatspeedisameasureofintelligence(智力),youmaylearnsomethingnewfromastoryaboutAlbertEinstein.ThefirsttimeBaneshHoffman,ascientist,wastodiscusshisworkwithAlbertEinstein,Hoffmanwastoonervoustospeak.ButEinsteinimmediatelyputHoffmanateasebysaying,“Pleasegoslowly.Idon'tunderstandthingsquickly.”
1.Criticalthinkingisimportanttousbecauseifwedonotthinkcritically,______.
A.itwillbehardforustothinknaturallyandfast
B.wemightbecontrolledbyotherpeople'sideas
C.wewillfollowtheideasofothersnaturally
D.wemightbefooledbyotherpeople'sideas
2.Ifyouareacriticalthinker,youwill______.
A.thinkdeeplyaboutdifferentideas
B.trustthereportsinthenewspapers
C.takeoneviewagainstanotherview
D.criticizeotherpeoplefortheirmistakes
3.Inthelastparagraph,“somethingnew”suggeststhat______.
A.thesmarteryouare,thefasteryoudothings
B.thefasteryoudothings,thesmarteryoubecome
C.speedcanimproveintelligence
D.intelligenceisnotdecidedbyspeed
4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.ThinkingandCriticalThinking.
B.UnderstandingCriticalThinking.
C.ThinkingIsNaturalandHuman.
D.ThinkingFastMeansIntelligence.
Passage3
"Hergradesarefine;I'mnotworriedaboutthat,butshejustdoesn'tseemtolovelearninganymore,"
Alice'smumsaid.
She'sabsolutelyright.I'dnoticedthesamethingaboutherdaughterovertheprevioustwoorthreeyearswhenI'dbeenAlice'smiddleschoolteacher,andIhaveananswer,rightthereonthetipofmytongue,towhathasgonewrong.YetI'mtornbetweenmyresponsibilitytohelpAliceandtheknowledgethatwhatIhavetosayisatruthI'mnotsurethismotherisreadytohear.
Thetruthforthisparentandsomanyothersisthis:
Herchildhassacrificedhernaturalcuriosityandloveoflearningatthealtarofachievement,andit'sourfault.Alice'sparents,herteachers,societyatlarge-weareallsupposedtobeblamedinthiscrimeagainstlearning.Fromherfirstdayofschool,wepointedhertowardthataltarandtrainedhertomeasureherprogressbymeansofpoints,scores,andawards.
WetaughtAlicethatherpotentialistiedtoherintellect(智力),andthatherintellectismoreimportantthanhercharacter.WetaughthertocomehomeproudlybearinggradeAs,championshipprizes,andcollegeacceptance,andnotonpurpose,wetaughtherthatwedon'treallycarehowsheobtainsthem.Wetaughthertoprotectheracademicandextracurricular(课外的)perfectionatallcostsandthatit'sbettertoquitwhenthingsgetchallengingratherthanrisklosingthatperfectrecord.Aboveallelse,wetaughthertofearfailure.Thatfeariswhathasdestroyedherloveoflearning.
1.WecaninferfromParagraph2thattheauthor______.
A.thinksAliceisright
B.isuncertainoftheanswer
C.hesitatestoexpressanidea
D.wonderswhythemotherisworried
2.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedwords"atthealtarof"?
______
A.insteadofB.attheriskof
C.atthelossofD.intheinterestof
3.WhathasreallymadeAlicechangeherattitudetolearning?
______
A.Beingslowinstudy.B.Fearofbadgrades.
C.Difficultyinstudy.D.Pressfromparents.
4.Whatismoreimportantforateenagerintheauthor'sopinion?
______
A.Hisknowledge.B.Hisintellect.
C.Hischaracter.D.Hisachievement.
Passage4
Theyear3700,Earthisfartoohotforanyhumantocallithome.Onthisplanetatleast,manisnothingmorethanamemory-ifthereisanythinglefttorememberthe"wiseman".Butwhataboutourwisdom-willanyofitsurviveus?
Theconventionalanswerisno.Knowledgerequiresaknower,andtherewillbenoknowingmindsaroundthen.Butifinformationsurvives,perhapsinbooksorharddrives,maybetheknowledgeisn'tquitedeadbutdormant(休眠),readytobecomealivewiththehelpofothermindsthatdevelopovertimeorcometovisitEarthinthedistantfuture.
Atfirstsight,thatseemstobereasonable:
afterall,wehavedonesimilarthingswithpastknowledge.Forexample,wesavedanancientcomputerfromashipdestroyedatseaoffthesoutherncoastofGreece,andsucceededinfindingthemeaningofEgyptianhieroglyphics(象形文字).Carefulworkcanbringpreviouslylostwisdombacktolife.
However,thekeypointisthatthereisacertainculturalcontinuitywiththoseancienttimesthatallowsustoreasonandmakeprogressinthedark:
weknowwearedealingwiththelegacy(遗赠)ofotherhumans.
Withoutthatlink,thesurvivalofobjectsandrawdatadoesn'tguaranteethesurvivalofknowledge.Andalackofcontinuityinlanguagewithanyfutureintelligencewouldbeabarrier.Knowledgeiscloselyconnectedwithlanguage.Whenalanguagediesout,wecanlosesystemsofreasoningthattheycontain.Ifthat'slost,thenitcan'tberecovered.
Allthismeansthatothermindsmightnotbeabletofullymakehumanknowledgealivewhenwearegone.Itisbettertoconcentrateonnotdyingoutinthefirstplace.
1.WhatisthemainpurposeofParagraph1?
______
A.Topresentaninterestingidea.
B.Tostateaproblemofthefuture.
C.Toinformusoftheearthin3700.
D.Tointroducethetopicofthetext.
2.Whatdothewords"similarthings"inParagraph3probablyreferto?
______
A.Developingtheminds.
B.Rememberingthewiseman.
C.Makinglostwisdomaliveag