中考英语二轮复习第5讲形容词副词介词讲义0482.docx
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中考英语二轮复习第5讲形容词副词介词讲义0482
形容词、副词、介词
【知识点睛】
一、形容词
重点1:
形容词比较等级
比较
对象
形容词
形式
常见句型
原级
两者
原形
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
比较级
两者
形容词er
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
修饰语:
_________________________________
_________________________________________
最高级
三者
及以上
形容词est
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
_________________________________________
修饰语:
_________________________________
_________________________________________
重点2:
ing形容词和ed形容词
surprisinginterestingexcitingpleasingfrightening
surprisedinterestedexcitedpleasedfrightened
令人感动的:
______________________
(令人)疲倦的:
_________________________
有极大吸引力的;迷人的:
________________________
ing形容词:
表主动意义,多指事物(人)对人的影响,一般修饰物
ed形容词:
表被动意义,多为人的感受,一般修饰人
难点1:
形容词比较级别的转换(句子转换)
LiLeiisthetalleststudentinhisclass.
______________________inhisclass.
______________________inhisclass.
=LiLeiistallerthananyoneelseinhisclass.
anyoftheotherstudentsinhisclass.
therestofthestudentsinhisclass.
=NooneisastallasLiLeiinhisclass.
=NooneistallerthanLiLeiinhisclass.
难点2:
多个形容词的排序问题(了解)
口诀:
限观形龄颜国材(县官行令宴国才)
规则:
1.限定词,包括冠词、指示代词、形物代、名词所有格、数词
2.(观点)描绘性形容词,如beautiful,fine,interesting等
3.表示大小、长短、高低及形状的形容词,如tall,high,small,little,round等
4.表示年龄、新旧的形容词,如young,old,new等
5.表示颜色的形容词,如black,white,blue等
6.表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词
7.表示构成材料的形容词
e.g.两个圆形蓝色塑料盘:
_______________________________
两张新的中国式木制大圆桌:
_____________________________
二、副词
难点1:
兼有两种形式的副词
close___________Heissittingclosetome.
closely___________Watchhimclosely.
late___________Youhavecometoolate.
lately___________Whathaveyoubeendoinglately?
deep___________Hepushedthestickdeepintothemud.
deeply___________Iwasdeeplymovedbythemovingfilm.
high___________Theplanewasflyinghigh.
highly___________Ithinkhighlyofyouropinion.
wide___________Heopenedthedoorwide.
widely___________Englishiswidelyusedintheworld.
free___________Youcaneatfreeinmyrestaurant.
freely___________Youmayspeakfreely;saywhatyoulike.
三、介词及介词短语
(一)重点介词辨析
1.时间介词in,on,at
一般
特殊
at
+时间点
atnoon/night/dawn
on
+日期/星期
具体的某天早上中午晚上
in
+世纪,年代,年,季节,月
inthemorning/evening/afternoon
2.方位介词in,on,to
________________________
3.地点介词in___________,at__________,on____________
4.方位介词两“中间”
amongbetween
5.方位介词两前两后
6.方位介词两“通过”
acrossthrough
7.方位介词三上三下
8.方式介词:
with,without,by,but,except,besides,exceptfor等
(二)to作为介词时的常考短语
lookforwardto________(do)sth.
payattentionto________(do)sth.
devoteoneselfto________(do)sth.
be/become/getusedto________(do)sth.
makeacontributionto________(do)sth.
preferdoingto________(do)sth.
(三)动介短语VS动副短语
动副短语中代词作宾语时必须放在动词后副词前,当宾语是名词时,放在副词的前后均可。
初中常考动(副)介短语
到达:
arrive_______闯入:
break________担心:
worry________
请求;要求:
ask________和……意见一致:
agree______
拜访;访问:
call_______担心;关心:
care_______
顺便来访:
come_______赶上;追上:
catch___________
lookatpointatlaughatknockat/on
dependoninsistongeton/offfalloff
comeupwithdealwithtalkwith/to
pointtospeaktogettohappentolistentoreplyto
learnabouttalkaboutthinkaboutknowaboutdreamabout/ofthinkof
knockintofallintogetindropin/bygoby
payforlookforwaitfor
lookaftergothroughlearnfromlooklike
初中常考动副短语
使高兴:
cheer_______分发:
give_______出故障:
break_______
浏览:
look________脱下:
take_______爆发:
break________
快点:
come________回来:
come________出版:
come________
叫醒某人:
wake________用光:
use________
bringoutcleanoutpickouthandoutputoutsendouttakeout
findouthangoutpointoutsellout
senduphangupmakeupshowupstandupstayupwakeup
cleanuppickupgiveupputupsetupturnupdressup
getupgoupgrowup
cutdownputdowntakedowngodownfalldownliedown
putontryonfeedongoonhandonholdonkeepon
putoffturnoffgooffshowoffsetoffrunoff
putawaysendawaytakeawaygoaway
givebackgetbackputbackgobackpayback
thinkovergetovergooverlookover
handingivein
【精讲精练】
一、单选
()1.MyfamilyandIhada(n)______tripinTaiwanbecauseofthetyphoonandrainstorm.
A.suitableB.impatientC.unpleasantD.comfortable
()2.Itwassuchan______jokethateveryonefelt______.
A.embarrassed;embarrassingB.embarrassed;embarrassed
C.embarrassing;embarrassingD.embarrassing;embarrassed
()3.Isthisaphotoofyourdaughter?
Shelooks______inthepinkdress!
A.lovelyB.quietlyC.politelyD.happily
()4.—George,howcanyouprovetheearthisround?
—Ican’t,sir._______,Ineversaiditwas.
A.ThenB.HoweverC.BesidesD.Instead
()5.—Doyoulikethewesternfood,LiHua?
—No,Ithinkthefoodofourcountryis______thatofwesterncountries.
A.asdeliciousasB.lessdeliciousthan
C.notasdeliciousasD.muchmoredeliciousthan
()6.—Thestuntmanisplanningtowalkonthewingsofaflyingplane.
—What?
!
I’veneverheardof______ideabefore.
A.acrazierB.thecrazierC.acraziestD.thecraziest
()7.Iknowyouareshorterthanyourbrothers,butyourun______.
A.morefasterB.fastestC.morefastD.fast
()8.Wewillneverforgetwhathappened______theafternoonofMay12,2008.
A.inB.byC.atD.on
()9.ThedictionaryiswhatIwant,butIdon’thaveenoughmoney_____me.
A.byB.forC.inD.with
()10.Tired,Jimwasfastasleepwithhisback______abigtree.
A.inB.belowC.besideD.against
()11.—Whendidyoulasthear______Jay?
—Hephonedmethismorning,andweagreed_______atimeandplacetomeet.
A.of;toB.about;withC.from;withD.from;on
()12.Attimesanadcanleadyoutobuysomethingyoudon’tneedatall.Soyouhavetobecareful.请选出与划线部分同义的选项。
A.SometimeB.SometimesC.SometimeD.Sometimes
()13.Attherailwaystation,themotherwavedgoodbyetoherdaughteruntilthetrainwas_______.
A.outofsightB.outofreachC.outoforderD.outofplace
()14.Whyareyousoanxious?
Itisn’tyourproblem_______.
A.onpurposeB.inallC.ontimeD.afterall
()15.Thatwomanwillquarrel______everybody______anything.
A.about;aboutB.about;withC.with;aboutD.with;with
二、根据句意,用适当的介词填空
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.Herearesomeflowers_______you_______ourbestwishes.
17.Wecan’tlive_______waterorair.
18.Japanis______theeastofChina.
三、根据提示填空
19.Ithinkthisproblemismuch_____________(easy)thanthatone.
20.Heisa(an)_____________(honest)boysoweseldombelievewhathesays.
21.Whatshouldwedotohelpthe_____________(home)peopleaftertheearthquake?
22.Danieldidtheexercisestoo_____________(粗心),anditmadehisteacherveryangry.
23.Finallywe_______________________(想出)anidea.
24.___________________(越忙)heis,___________________(越高兴)hefeels.
25.Shanghaiis__________________________________(最现代的城市之一)inChina.
【参考答案】
【知识点睛】
一、形容词
排序:
限观形龄颜国材
好美小高状其新,颜色国料用途亲
美小圆旧黄,法国木书房
功能:
作表语、作定语、作宾语补足语
重点1:
形容词比较等级
原级常见句型:
as+adj./adv.(原级)+as
notas/so+adj./adv.(原级)+as
比较级常见句型:
比较级+than
Which/Whois+形容词(比较级),A+or+B?
比and比
the比,the比
修饰语:
any/no/much/many/very/alot/lots/agreatdeal/rather/times/far/alittle/abit/even/still等
最高级常见句型:
最高级+of/in+范围
oneof+最高级+名词
the+序数词+最高级+名词
最高级+定语从句
修饰语:
(by)far/much/nearly/almost/notquite/bynomeans/very/second/next等
重点2:
ing形容词和ed形容词
令人感动的:
moving疲倦的:
tired有极大吸引力的;迷人的:
fascinating
难点1:
形容词比较级别的转换(句子转换)
anyotherstudenttheotherstudents
难点2:
多个形容词的排序问题(了解)
两个圆形蓝色塑料盘:
tworoundblueplasticplates
两张新的中国式木制大圆桌:
twobigroundnewChinesewoodentables
二、副词
动词;形容词;状语
难点1:
兼有两种形式的副词
近;仔细地晚;最近深(具体);深深地(抽象)
高(具体);高度(抽象)宽(具体);广泛地(抽象)免费;无限制地
三、介词及介词短语
表语;定语;状语;宾语补足语
(一)重点介词辨析
2.in;on;to
3.in“在……里”,表示一个范围(或大地方)
at“在……”,表示一个点(或小地方)
on“在……上”,表示…的表面上
(二)to作为介词时的常考短语
doing;doing;doing;doing;doing;doing
(三)动介短语VS动副短语
初中常考动(副)介短语
到达:
arrivein/at闯入:
breakinto担心:
worryabout
请求;要求:
askfor和……意见一致:
agreewith
拜访;访问:
callon(sb.)/at(sth.)担心;关心:
careabout
顺便来访:
comeover赶上;追上:
catchupwith
初中常考动副短语
使高兴:
cheerup分发:
giveout出故障:
breakdown
浏览:
lookthrough/over脱下:
takeoff爆发:
breakout
快点:
comeon回来:
comeback出版:
comeout
叫醒某人:
wakeup用光:
useup
【精讲精练】
一、1—5:
CDACD6—10:
ABDDD11—15:
DBADC
二、16.for;with17.without18.to
三、19.easier20.dishonest21.homeless
22.carelessly23.came/comeupwith24.Thebusier;thehappier
25.oneofthemostmoderncities