高考英语阅读理解解题技巧专项突破七阅读理解专题之词句猜测题.docx
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高考英语阅读理解解题技巧专项突破七阅读理解专题之词句猜测题
专题7阅读理解专题之----词句猜测题
【设问形式】
①Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword...inparagraph...?
②Theunderlinedword“...”means____?
③Theword“...”refersto_____?
④Whatdoyouthinktheexpression“...”standsfor?
......
【考查方式】
在高中英语阅读理解中，词句猜测题是一类很重要的题型。
这一题型重点考查了学生的猜测能力和判断能力。
词句猜测题包括：
词义猜测、代词指代和句意猜测题。
1.词义猜测题主要指猜测单词或词义，常用方法：
1）根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测。
2）根据同位关系进行猜测。
3）根据构词法（前缀、后缀、复合、派生等）进行猜测。
4）根据同义词、反义词猜测。
5）根据转折或对比关系等来猜测。
2.代词指代题：
在解决代词指代类题目时首先要宏观把握，充分把握代词指代所在的段落或前文表达的含义；然后，微观入手，抓住关键词或关键句，理清逻辑关系，进而推断代词的指代内容。
3.句意猜测题：
解答句意猜测题时要仔细阅读文章，对原句进行语法或语义上的准确分析，结合原文意义对划线句子做出合理的推理和判断。
实战演练
【例题】
1.词义猜测：
2016全国ⅠC
IampeterHodes,avolunteerstemcourier.SinceMarch2012,I'vedone89tripsofthose,51havebeenabroad,Ihave42hourstocarrystemcells（干细胞）inmylittleboxbecauseI'vegottwoicepacksandthat'showlongtheylast,inall,fromthetimethestemcellsareharvestedfromadonor（捐献者）tothetimetheycanbeimplantedinthepatient,we’vegot72hoursatmost,SoIamalwaysconsciousoftime.
IhadonetriplastyearwhereIwascaughtbyahurricaneinAmerica.IpickedupthestemcellsinProvidence,RhodeIsland,andwasmeanttoflytoWashingtonthenbacktoLondon.ButwhenIarrivedatthecheck-indeskatProvidence,theladyonthedesksaid:
”Well,I’mreallysorry,I’vegotsomebadnewsforyou-therearenofightsfromWashington.”SoItookmyboxandputitonthedeskandIsaid:
”Inthisboxaresomestemcellsthatareurgentlyneededforapatient-please,please,you’vegottogetmebacktotheUnitedKingdom.”Shejustdroppedeverything.Shearrangedforaflightonasmallplanetobeheldforme.re-routed（改道）methroughNewarkandgotmebacktotheUKevenearlierthanoriginallyscheduled.
Forthiscourierjob,you’reconsciouslyawarethanthatboxyou’regotsomethingthatispotentiallygoingtosavesomebody’slife.
29.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“courier”inParagraph17
AproviderBdeliverymanCcollectorDmedicaldoctor
30.Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42hours?
A. He cannot stay away from his job too long.
B. The donor can only wait for that long.
C. The operation needs that very much.
D. The ice won't last any longer.
31.Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?
A. To London B. To NewarkC. To Providence D. To Washington
【答案】29.B30.D31.B
【解析】试题分析：
本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了作者在一次运送造血干细胞途中的一段经历，表现了人们之间的友爱。
29.B词义猜测题。
根据本段内容I’vedone89trips和Ihave42hourstocarrystemcellsinmylittlebox以及第二段内容可知作者是运送干细胞的人，也就是deliveryman。
故选B。
30.D细节理解题。
根据第一段第二句Ihave42hourstocarrystemcellsinmylittleboxbecauseI’vegottwoicepacksandthat’showlongtheylast.可知冰盒只能保持42消失适宜的温度。
故选D。
31.B细节理解题。
根据第二段末句Shearrangedforaflightonasmallplanetobeheldforme,re-routedmethroughNewark可知，这位好心的女式首先安排作者去Newark的航班。
故选B。
2.代词指代：
2016全国ⅡC
Readingcanbeasocialactivity.Thinkofthepeoplewhobelongtobookgroups.Theychoosebookstoreadandthenmeettodiscussthem.Now,thewebsiteBookCturnsthepageonthetraditionalideaofabookgroup.
Membersgoonthesiteandregisterthebookstheyownandwouldliketoshare.BookCrossingprovidesanidentificationnumbertostickinsidethebook.Thenthepersonleavesitinapublicplace,hopingthatthebookwillhaveanadventure,travelingfarandwidewitheachnewreaderwhofinds it.
BrucePederson,themanagingdirectorofBookCrossing,says,“Thetwothingsthatchangeyourlifearethepeopleyoumeetandbooksyouread.BookCrossingcombinesboth.”
Membersleavebooksonparkbenchesandbuses,intrainstationsandcoffeeshops.Whoeverfindstheirbookwillgotothesiteandrecordwheretheyfoundit.
Peoplewhofindabookcanalsoleaveajournalentrydescribingwhattheythoughtofit.E-mailsarethensenttotheBookCrossingtokeepthemupdatedaboutwheretheirbookshavebeenfound.Brucepetersonsaystheideaisforpeoplenottobeselfishbykeepingabooktogatherdustonashelfathome.
BookCrossingispartofatrendamongpeoplewhowanttogetbacktothe“real”andnotthevirtual（虚拟）.Thesitenowhasmorethanonemillionmembersinmorethanonehundredthirty-fivecountries.
29.Whydoestheauthormentionbookgroupsinthefirstparagraph?
A.Toexplainwhattheyare.
B.TointroduceBookCrossing.
C.Tostresstheimportanceofreading.
D.Toencouragereaderstosharetheirideas.
30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph2referto?
A.Thebook. B.Anadventure.
C.Apublicplace. D.Theidentificationnumber.
31.WhatwillaBookCrosserdowithabookafterreadingit?
A.Meetotherreaderstodiscussit. B.Keepitsafeinhisbookcase.
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