心理语言学试题.docx

心理语言学试题.docx

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心理语言学试题

TestQuestionsforPsycholinguistics（Fall,2013）

I.Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.Ifyoucomeupwitha“true”judgment,pleasewriteaclear“T”inthespacemarkedbythecorrespondingquestionnumberontheanswersheet.Otherwise,writedownan“F”.（15%）

1.Psycholinguisticsissaidtobeconcernedwiththeuseoflanguageandspeechasawindowtothenatureandstructureofthehumanmind.（T）

2.Thepresentgoalofpsycholinguisticsistodiscoverthepsychologicalprocessesthatunderpinthelanguageuseanddevelopment.（T）

3.Acriticalconcerninpsycholinguisticsiswithhowthegrowing/developingchildiscognitivelyconditionedinhisorherlanguagedevelopment.（T）

4.The“uphill”goalofpsycholinguisticsistounderstandtheuniversalintelligentbeing.（T）

5.The“downhill”goalofpsycholinguisticsistounderstandsocialexperience.（F,humanexperience）

6.Thetrueunderstandingofourclassicsoraforeignlanguageinvolvesnotonlytheknowledgeaboutthereferentsofthewords,butalsoanaturalizationofthesenseofthepragmaticstrangeness.（T）

7.Thelistenerandthespeakerarerolesinsocialcommunications.Theyarenotfunctionallyrepresentedinourcognitivesystem.（F,not）

8.Whenweareinterestedinatopic,weknowalotaboutitandwishtoknowmore（F,alotsth）

9.Oneoftheessentialdifferencesbetweenchimpsandhumanbeingsincommunicationisthattheformerdonothaveacomplexfabricofsocialrelations.（T）

10.Intermsofthecognitivefunction,thesubjectofasentenceistypicallyacodedsearchforsomekindofexistenceoranagentintheworld.（T）

11.Intuitiveanalysisandtopicanalysisarebothessentialindevelopingthepsycholinguisticexpertise.（T）

12.Inourintuitiveframeworkforlanguageproduction,the“downstreamdragon”（thefunctionalstringofsemanticmodules）andthe“upstreamdragon”（thefunctionalstringoflinguistic/syntacticmodules）areattractedaroundthe“ball”ofthecommunicativeintentionintheirfunctionalusesofvariouscognitiveresources（F,thecommunicativeintentionthepre-verbalmessage）.

13.Inthepsychologyoflanguage,acognitivefactorisalower-levelcognitivefunctionthatemergesasaconditionthatturnsafeature/somefeaturesoflinguisticperformanceonoroff.（T）

14.Inthepresentstateofknowledge,psycholinguistictheoriesshouldbelearnedandmemorizedratherthaninstitutionalized.（F）

15.Forfieldworkersinpsycholinguistics,theobjectsofstudydistributealongtheinteractivedomainsratherthantheautonomousdomains.（T）

16.Developmentalpsycholinguisticsexamineshowspeechemergesovertimeandhowchildrengoaboutconstructingthecomplexstructuresoftheirmothertongue.（T）

17.Innatismholdsthatlanguageacquisitiondoesnotdependtotallyontheinfluenceoftheenvironment.（T）

18.Interactionismrecognizesthechild-environmentinteractionasimportantinaccountingforthedevelopmentoflanguage.（T）

19.Earlypsycholinguistswerecloselyconcernedwithhowautonomousormodularizedlanguageis.（T）

20.Cognitive-functionallyspeaking,bothlanguageacquisitionanduseplausiblyinvolveagrammarthatisborninus.（F）

21.Aplausibletheoryenablesustotalkaboutlanguagemoreeasily,moreintuitivelyandmoretruthfully.（T）

22.Accordingtobehaviorism,frequencyplaysafundamentalroleinthepatternsofhumanbehavior.（T）

23.Intuitively,theexceptionalprecocityoftalentedwritersandspeakershasprovidedexcellentexamplesforustodrawpsycholinguisticconclusions.（F）

24.Thedatausedformodelingthepsychologyoflanguageincludelatencydata,speecherrorsandtrueorfalsejudgments.（F）

25.Therejectionofapasttheorymeansthatitisnolongerofanyuseinourunderstandingofhumanlanguage.（F）

26.Apieceoflinguisticevidenceeithersupportsatheoryorenablesusto“see”moreaboutthelanguagereality.（T）

27.Anyrecordedepisodeofchildren’slanguageisusefuldatainthestudyofpsycholinguistics.（F）

28.Researchersdependonexperiencetofindmoreaboutlanguage.（F）

29.Thepsycholinguisticmethodologyingeneralistypifiedby“introspection”.（F）

30.“Thechildisthefatherofman”isthepertinentwhenwetalkaboutthenaturalintelligenceunderlyinglanguagedevelopmentanduse.（T）

II.Inthefollowing,youarerequiredtochoosefromamongtheoptionalanswerstheonethatbestcompletesthepsycholinguisticstatementand,then,fillitsmarkingletteronthecorrespondinganswersheet.（60%）

31.Therearetwogeneraltrendsinscientificthinking:

______________

A.Autonomyandinteractionism

B.Modulairyandconstructionism

C.Innatismandinteractionism

D.Subjectivityandobjectivity

32.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthebrainfunctionforlanguageispresentlymoreplausible?

A.Thebraindetermineslanguage.

B.Thebrainsub-serveslinguisticinteractionswithourenvironment.

C.Thebrainishard-wiredforlanguage.

D.Thebrainisaninnateorganforlanguage.

33.Whichoffollowingisacorrectannotationforthe?

-markedareainthebrain?

A.theBroca’sarea.

B.theWernike’sarea.

C.thearcuatefaciculus.

D.theangulargyrus.

34.Whichofthefollowingannotationispresentlymoreappropriateforthequestionmark“?

”inthefollowingpicture?

A.“seeing”（看）

B.“reading”（阅读）

C.“visualinput”（视觉输入）

D.“visualpathway”（视觉通道）

35.Difficultyinspeechproductionmaybecausedby______

A.damagetotheBroca’sarea.

B.damagetotheWernike’sarea.

C.damagetothearcuatefaciculus.

D.damagetotheangulargyrus.

36.Inabilitytorepeatwhatisheardmaybecausedby______

A.damagetotheBroca’sarea.

B.damagetotheWernike’sarea

C.damagetothearcuatefasciculus.

D.damagetotheangulargyrus.

37.Difficultyinlanguagecomprehensionmaybecausedby______

A.damagetotheBroca’sarea.

B.damagetotheWernike’sarea

C.damagetothearcuatefasciculus.

D.damagetotheangulargyrus.

38.Whichorderdoeslanguagefollowinitsdevelopment?

A.crying--->babbling-->cooing-->one-wordutterances-->two-wordutterances-->questions-->negatives-->rareorcomplexconstructions-->maturespeech

B.crying-->cooing-->babbling-->one-wordutterances-->two-wordutterances-->questions-->negatives-->rareorcomplexconstructions-->maturespeech

C.crying-->cooing-->one-wordutterances-->babbling-->two-wordutterances-->questions-->negatives-->rareorcomplexconstructions-->maturespeech

D.crying-->cooing-->babbling-->one-wordutterances-->two-wordutterances-->negatives-->questions-->rareorcomplexconstructions-->maturespeech

39.Whichordertheremaybefortheacquisitionofthefollowingwords

A.big–smalltall-short,long–shorthigh–lowthick–thinwide-narrowdeep–shallow

B.high–lowthick–thinbig–smalltall-short,long–shortwide-narrowdeep–shallow

C.big–smallhigh–lowthick–thinwide-narrowdeep–shallowtall-short,long–short

D.deep–shallowbig–smalltall-short,long–shorthigh–lowthick–thinwide-narrow

40.Whichorderdoestheacquisitionofthenegativeformmayfollow?

a.Inowantmilk/Idon’twantmilkNosingingsongIdon’twantsomepaper.

b.Idon’twantsomepaperNosingingsongInowantmilk/Idon’twantmilk.

c.NosingingsongInowantmilk/Idon’twantmilkIdon’twantsomepaper.

d.Inowantmilk/Idon’twantmilkIdon’twantsomepaperNosingingsong.

41.Cryingisinitially_______,becausethereisadirectlinkbetweenthephysicalsoundanditscommunicativeintent.

A.iconic;B.echoic;C.symbolic;D.holophrastic

42.______referstothenaturaltendencyof6-month-oldchildrentoburstoutinstringsofconsonant-vowelsyllableclusters.

A.Crying;B.Cooing;C.Babbling;D.gesturing

43.One-year-oldsproducetheso-calledegocentricspeechbecause________

A.theytalkaboutthingsaroundthemasiftheywerethecentersoftheirfamilies.

B.theyareinatransitionalstateofawarenessoftheworldasiftheywerethecenterofall.

C.theyareoccupiedorpossessedbytheirownegoorconcerns.

D.theyarehighlyprejudiced.

44.Nowweknowthattheover-regulatedwordssuchasgoedandbreakedarepiecesofevidencefor_________.

A.creativelanguageuse;B.theapplicationofempiricallanguagerules;

C.linguisticimitations;D.childishuseoflanguage

45.StephenPinker’sconceptualizationoflanguageinstinctisastrongdefendenceoftheviewthat_____

A.languageisacquiredinauniversalpattern.

B.languageisindividuallyacquired.

C.languageisacquiredthroughchildren’sinteractionwiththeirenvironment.

D.languageisconditionedbyoutsidestimulus.

46.Mostpsycholinguistsbelievethatthe“foreignaccents”ofbilingualchildrenattheageof12mightsuggestthatthereisacriticalperiodthat________determinefirstlanguagelearning.

A.biologically;B.cognitively;C.innately;D.socioculturally

47.AccordingtoScovel,childrendisplayaninbornsensitivitytothe___________ofthelanguagetheyareacquiring,asinthecaseof“up”inthefollowingexample.

Child:

Ben’spickingup.He’shickingup.

Adult:

What?

Child:

He’sgotthehiccups.

A.syntacticstructures;B.thewordmeaning;

C.thethematicroles;D.thesyntacticfunctionoftheword

48.ChomskyproposedaninnateLADthatallowschildrentoconstantlyformandrevisehypothesesonthebasisof________.

A.output;B.nativeaccent;C.innateknowledge;D.input

49Earlywordsarecharacterizedbyallthefollowingexcept_______

A.phoneticeasinesstopronounceB.morphologicaliconicity

C.semanticabstractnessD.situationalfunction

50.Whichofthefollowingdescriptionsisnotanappr