建筑物下似膏体充填开采新工艺的探讨外文文献翻译中英文翻译.docx

建筑物下似膏体充填开采新工艺的探讨外文文献翻译中英文翻译.docx

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建筑物下似膏体充填开采新工艺的探讨外文文献翻译中英文翻译

英文原文

ANewModeofCoalMiningUnderBuildingswithPaste-LikeBackfillTechnology

CUIJian-qiang,SUNHeng-hu,HUANGYu-cheng

（SchoolofResourcesandSafetyEngineering,CUMT,Beijing100083,China）

ABSTRACT:

Theformationofthepaste-likebackfilltechnologywasintroducedbrieflyinthispaper,fromtheactualcasesofcoalmines,anewmodeofcoalminingunderbuildingswiththetechnologywasproposed,anditsspecificitywasanalyzed,andafurtherintroductiontothefull-sand-soilsolidifyingmaterialwasgiven.Themainpartsofthebackfillsystem,suchasthebackfillpreparationsystem,thepipelinetransportationsystem,thebackfillsystemsinfullymechanizedminingfacesandthebackfillprocess,werepresentedemphatically.

KEYWORDS:

miningunderbuildings;paste-likebackfill;full-sand-soilsolidifyingmaterial

1Introduction

Withtherapidincreaseofthedemandofsocialandeconomicdevelopment,theconflictbetweencoalshortageandeconomicdevelopmentisbecomingmoreandmoreconspicuous.Moreattentionhasbeenpaidoncoalminingtechnologyunderbuildings.Thepresentcoalminingtechnologyunderbuildingscannotbewidelyappliedforitssomeshortages,suchasthepooreffectofsurfacesubsidenceanddeformationcontrolling,theseriouspollutionofundergroundoperationenvironmentandthelowrecoveryofresources.Paste-likebackfilltechnologyhasoutstandingadvantages,suchasthewidesupplyofbackfillmaterials,thelowcostofbackfilling,theeasypreparationofslurryandthehighstrengthofbackfillbody.Itcancontrolsurfacesubsidenceanddeformationeffectively,gainahighrecovery,anddoesnotpolluteundergroundoperationenvironment.Usingthenewmode,harmlessandnon-pollutionminingunderbuildingscanberealized.

2ProposalandSpecificityoftheNewMode

Inallthemodesofcoalminingunderbuildingsbackfillminingisthemosteffectiveinthecontrolofsurfacesubsidenceanddeformationandtherecoveryofcoal.Thedensityofbackfillbodyanditssubsidencecontractioninfluencethemovementanddeformationofsurfaceandsurroundingrockdirectly.Thesolidifyingbackfillminingtechnologyhasbeenwidelyappliedinroyalandnonferrousmines,foritsbackfillbodyhasthefollowingadvantagessuchashighdensity,littlesubsidencecontraction,andenoughstrengthandstiffness.Withthedevelopmentofmodernscienceandtechnology,thesolidifyingbackfillminingtechnologyhasbeenimprovedanddevelopedgreatly.Basedonthedevelopmenttrendofsolidifyingbackfilltechnology,ProfessorSUNHeng-huproposedanewmodereferredtoaspaste-likesolidifyingbackfill.Thenewmodesspecificityisthatithasnotonlytheadvantagesofbothhydraulicbackfillandpastebackfill,suchasthegoodslurryfluidityandtheeasypipelinegravitytransportationfortheformer,andthegreatbackfillbodystrengthandthenon-orlittledehydratingforthelater.

Thetraditionalbindercementhasthepoorcapabilityoffineparticlessolidifying.Whenthedensityofbackfillslurryislowerthanthatofpaste,theslurryiseasytotransportthroughpipelinesbygravity,whichwillresultinthelossoffineparticles（includingcementparticles）inthedehydratingprocess.Sothesubsidencecontractionofitsbackfillbodyincreasesandthestrengthdecreases,whichleadstothelossofbinderandtheseriouspollutionofundergroundoperationsites.Whenthedensityofbackfillslurryisclosetothatofpaste,itsfluiditybecomespooranddifficulttotransport.Therefore,thekeytotherealizationofpaste-likebackfillmodeistoresearchanddevelopanewkindofbinder.Itisnecessaryforthisbindertohavethecapabilityofsolidifyingfineparticlesandforitsbackfillbodytomeettheneedofstrength.Meanwhile,itmusthaveawiderangeofbackfillmaterialsandalowerbackfillcost.

TheresearchgroupleadedbyProfessorSUNHeng-huhasdevelopedanewgenerationbinder,full-sand-soilsolidifyingmaterial.Withthenewsolidifyingmaterial,thepaste-likebackfillmodeisforminggradually,whichabsorbstheadvantagesofthemodernsolidifyingbackfillandspurnsitsdisadvantages.

Basedontheknowledgeofsolidifyingbackfillengineeringpractice,theactualsituationofcoalminesandthepaste-likebackfilltechnology,anewmodeofcoalminingunderbuildingsissetup.Sothisnewmodeanditssystemdesignhavebothsomethingsimilartothesolidifyingbackfilltechnologyinmetalminesanditsowncharacteristics.

（1）Backfillmaterial:

Thenewlydevelopedfull-sand-soilmaterialisadoptedasbinder,anddebris（wastefromcoalmines）andflyash（wastefromsteamelectricplants）areusedasaggregate

（2）Backfillarea:

Coaldepositstakestheshapeofseams,mostofwhichhavealowangle,sotheareatobackfillisgreatandbackfillslurryhavetobetransportedfarther.Comparedwithmetaldepositsnormallytakingtheshapeofblockorvein,theratiooftotallengthtoheightdifferenceislarger

（3）Backfillcapacity:

Generally,fully-mechanizedworkingfacesinacoalminehasalargerproductivitythanametalmine.So,alargerbackfillcapacityofthebackfillsystemisneeded.

（4）Selectionofbackfillpreparationstationsites:

Thebackfillsystemmustmeetthedemandoftheratiooftotallengthtoheightdifferenceofpaste-likeslurrytransportation.Moreover,thetransportationofbackfillmaterialsontheearth’ssurfacemustbetakenintoaccountsoastolowerthebackfillcostfarthest,forthebackfillamountisgreat.

（5）Coordination:

Toassuretheproductionoffully-mechanizedworkingfacesandthequalityofbackfillbody,theprocessesofminingandbackfillmustbecoordinatedwell.Bynow,thereisnorelativeengineeringexperience.

3TheNewMiningModeUnderBuildingsandItsSystemLayout

3.1Full-sand-soilsolidifyingmaterial

Thefull-sand-soilsolidifyingmaterialisakindofpowdermadeofsomeindustrialwaste,suchasblasting-furnaceslag,smelterslag,andproperportionofnaturalmineralsandchemicalcatalyststhroughmillingandmixing.Ithasapowerfulcapabilityofsolidifyingsandysoilandindustrialwaste（suchastailings）containingahighpercentageofclay.Hencecomesitsnamefull-sand-soilsolidifyingmaterial,calledfull-sand-soilmaterialforshort.

ComparedwithPortlandcement,thefull-sand-soilmaterialhasitsownspecificityintherespectsoftechnologicalproperty,productionprocessandengineeringapplications.Ithasasuperqualityofsolidifyingfineparticles.Undertheconditionofequaldosage,itsstrengthis2-3timesthatofcement.Underthesamestrengthdemand,itsdosageislessthanhalfthatofcement.Comparedwithregularcement,itsearlystrengthishigh,and7-day，sstrengthand282daysstrengthcanreachthatof425#and525#cementstandards,respectively.Theprocessofproducingthefull-sand-soilmaterialisto”engulf”alargeamountofindustrialwaste,andtoproducesuperbinderwithgoodpropertyandwideusesatalowprice.Itsproductioncostislow,approximately200yuanperton.Therefor,thefull-and-soilmaterialwillnotonlyfindwideapplicationsinmining,communication,construction,waterconservancyandoilprojects,butcarveoutacompletelynewwaytoreutilizeindustrialwaste.

3.2Thesystemlayoutofpaste-likebackfillminingunderbuildings

3.2.1Backfillpreparationstationsystem

（1）Locationselection

Distinguishedfrompastebackfill,oneofthespecificityofthepaste-likebackfillisthatthefluidityofitsslurryisexcellent.Withoutorwithalittletransportationpressure,itsslurrycanbetransportedtobackfillsites.Forthisreason,whenthelocationofabackfillpreparationstationisselected,thedemandfortheratiooftotallengthtoheightdifferenceshouldbemetfirstlysothatthepaste-likebackfillslurryflowbygravitycanbeensured.Secondly,thetransportationworkofabackfillmaterialsontheearth’ssurfaceshouldbeminimizedfurthest.Thecapacityofabackfillpreparationstationshouldbeabout2.0timesthatofthebackfillminingface.

Sinceacoalfaceusuallyhasalargeproductivityperyear,soloweringthebackfillmaterialtransportationcostwillbeofoutstandingsense.

（2）Layoutofabackfillpreparationstation

Basedonthecapacityofabackfillpreparationstation,thespecificityofbackfillmaterialsandthepracticalexperienceofsolidifyingbackfillmininginmetalmines,itismoresuitableforabackfillpreparationstationtoadoptatwo-stepmixingsystem,i.e.,thefirststepmixingdrumpreparesmortar,madefromdebris,flyashandwater,withadensityabout73%;andthetwosecondstepmixingdrumpreparespaste-likebackfillslurrywithadensityabout75%madefromthefull-sand-soilmaterialandthemortarproducedbythefirststepmixingdrum.

Toensurethereliableoperationofabackfillpreparationstation,twomixingdrumsaresetforeachstep.Whenoneofthetwofirst-stepmixingdrumsisworkingnormally,theotherisalternate.Bothofthetwosecond-stepmixingdrumsareworkingnormallyatthesametime.Whensomethingiswrongwithoneofthesecond-stepmixingdrums,theothercanproducebackfillslurrybyitself.Theadvantageofthelayoutisthatwhenoneofthemixingdrumshassomethingwrong,theproductionofslurrydoesnotbeinfluencedsoastoensurethecontinuityofthebackfillprocess.

3.2.2Thepipelinetransportationsystemofpaste-likebackfillslurry

Firstly,thelayoutofthepipelinetransportationsystemmustmeetthedemandforthebackfillcapacityandmakethebackfilloperationbehighquality,efficient,safeandeconomic.Itisnotpermittedforthebackfillpipelinetobelaidupward.Meanwhiletoomanyturnsshouldbeavoidedsoasnottoresult