Irix系统管理.docx
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Irix系统管理
IRIX系统管理
一九九九年五月
第一章IRIX6.5安装及配置5
一、系统参数:
5
1、硬件:
5
2、软件:
(最小安装需4张光盘)5
二、分区:
5
1、使用光盘启动系统进行分区:
5
三、系统安装:
8
四、基本参数的配置:
13
1、主机名、IP地址:
13
第二章IRIX6.5分区配置文档15
一、系统分区:
15
二、创建文件系统和文件系统的安装:
18
第三章IRIX系统维护手册20
一、系统配置与操作:
20
(一)、介绍20
1.系统管理员原则:
20
(二)、系统的启动、关机、运行级别21
1、启动系统:
21
2、多用户状态关闭系统:
21
3、单用户状态关闭系统:
21
4、IRIX系统运行级别(系统状态):
21
5、控制系统运行状态:
22
6、改变系统运行状态:
23
7、RUN-LEVEL的目录:
23
(三)、配置IRIX操作系统23
1、系统配置的检测:
23
2、配置软件:
24
(四)、系统管理25
1、用户帐户管理:
25
2、用户的环境:
27
3、发送信息28
二、磁盘和文件系统:
29
(一)、磁盘的概念29
1、SGI的磁盘驱动器:
29
2、磁盘分区:
29
3、系统盘、附加盘:
30
4、分区类型:
30
5、VolumeHeaders31
6、设备文件31
7、块设备与字符设备32
8、主设备和副设备32
9、设备名32
(二)、磁盘管理32
1、列出系统的所有磁盘:
32
2、格式化、初始化磁盘:
33
3、显示磁盘分区:
33
4、分区:
33
(三)、文件系统33
1、文件系统的概念:
33
2、IRIX文件系统类型:
34
3、生成文件系统:
35
4、文件系统的安装和卸载:
35
5、文件系统的维护:
36
(四)、Swap37
1、查看Swap空间:
37
三、网络:
38
(一)、配置网络38
1、检测以太网的连接:
38
2、检查网络软件的配置:
38
3、Hosts文件:
39
4、改变网络参数:
39
5、搜集网络统计信息:
39
四、备份:
40
(一)、IRIX系统备份工具40
1、Backup/Restore40
2、Tar:
41
第四章Sybase11.5ForIrix安装、维护41
一、Sybase11.5 AdaptiveServer安装41
(一)、系统参数:
41
(二)、安装步骤:
41
二、简单维护:
43
1、建立数据库设备:
43
2、建立数据库:
44
3、数据库自动重启:
44
4、停止数据库:
44
5、增加帐户:
44
6、增加数据库用户:
44
7、查看帐户:
44
8、查看用户:
45
9、查看用户占用系统资源:
45
第五章SGI服务器的开关机45
一、SGIOrigin200Server的开启与关闭45
1、开启电源45
2、启动系统45
3、关闭系统46
4、关闭电源46
二、SGIOrigin2000Server的开启与关闭47
1、开启电源47
2、启动系统47
3、关闭系统47
4、关闭电源48
第一章IRIX6.5安装及配置
一、系统参数:
1、硬件:
O200
CPU类型:
IP27,180MH
2、软件:
(最小安装需4张光盘)
IRIX6.5InstallationTools
IRIX6.5Foundation1
IRIX6.5Foundation2
IRIX6.5Applications
二、分区:
1、使用光盘启动系统进行分区:
SGIO200出厂时已经预装操作系统,因此系统硬盘不必重新分区。
增加的硬盘改变分区可以在操作系统正常启动后使用“fx-x”命令重新分区。
如系统硬盘是空的硬盘,进行如下步骤:
SystemMaintenanceMenu
1)StartSystem
2)InstallSystemSoftware
3)RunDiagnostics
4)RecoverSystem
5)EnterCommandMonitor
Option?
5
CommandMonitor.Type"exit"toreturntothemenu.
插入“IRIX6.5InstallationTools”光盘
>>hinv“查看系统硬件配置”
SystemSGI-IP27“IP27----CPU类型”
1180MHzIP27Processors
Mainmemorysize:
128Mbytes
IntegralSCSIcontroller0
IntegralSCSIcontroller1
IntegralFastEthernet
IOC3serialport
Diskdrive:
unit1onSCSIController0,(dksc(0,1,0))
CDROM:
unit6onSCSIController1,(cdrom(1,6,7))“cdrom(1,6,7)--光驱在1号
控制器6单元”
>>boot-fdksc(1,6,8)sash64dksc(1,6,7)stand/fx.64--x
sash版本fx版本“sash、fx版本由CPU
类型决定”
896+115812+16653+3832entry:
0xa8000000012a7e2c
2112+115940+28805+10680entry:
0xa800000000fd3eac
SGIVersion6.5ARCSBE64Apr30,1998
fx:
"device-name"=(dksc)“dksc是SCSI硬盘名称”
fx:
ctlr#=(0)“SCSI控制器号”
fx:
drive#=
(1)“单元号”
...openingdksc(0,1,0)“dksc(0,1,0)--系统硬盘”
注:
对某个硬盘分区,改变ctlr、drive参数
...driveselftest...OK
Scsidrivetype==SGIQUANTUMXP34550WLXY7
-----pleasechooseone(?
forhelp,..toquitthismenu)-----
[exi]t[d]ebug/[l]abel/[a]uto
[b]adblock/[exe]rcise/[r]epartition/
fx>r
-----partitions-----“系统硬盘由操作系统自动分区”
parttypeblocksMegabytes(base+size)
0:
xfs1052672+7835871514+3826
1:
raw4096+10485762+512
8:
volhdr0+40960+2
10:
volume0+88885430+4340
capacityis8888543blocks
-----pleasechooseone(?
forhelp,..toquitthismenu)-----
[ro]otdrive[o]ptiondrive[e]xpert
[u]srrootdrive[re]size
fx/repartition>..
-----pleasechooseone(?
forhelp,..toquitthismenu)-----
[exi]t[d]ebug/[l]abel/[a]uto
[b]adblock/[exe]rcise/[r]epartition/
fx>exi
InstallingPROMDevicedrivers............
WalkingSCSIAdapter0(/hw/module/1/slot/MotherBoard),(pciid0)
1+2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-=1device(s)
WalkingSCSIAdapter1(/hw/module/1/slot/MotherBoard),(pciid1)
1-2-3-4-5-6+7-=1device(s)
InitializingPROMDevicedrivers..........DONE
Checkinghardwareinventory...............DONE
附:
1、repartition子命令:
rootdrive-----Repartitionassystemdrivewithroot,swap,vh,andvolpartitions
usrrootdrive-----Repartitionanold-stylesystemdrivewithrootpartition,swap,
usr,vh,vol
optiondrive-----Repartitionasoptiondrivewithonelargeefs/xfs,vh,and
volpartitions
resize-----Resizethestandardpartitions(dependingonwhetheryou
chooseroot,usrroot,oroptiondrive)
expert-----Useexpertmodeforrepartitioning.Mustbeusedfor
creating
2、IRIX分区类型
分区名称分区号
root0
swap1
usr6
(none)7
volhdr8
(none)9
volume10
xfslog15
三、系统安装:
SystemMaintenanceMenu
1)StartSystem
2)InstallSystemSoftware
3)RunDiagnostics
4)RecoverSystem
5)EnterCommandMonitor
Option?
2
InstallingSystemSoftware...
Presstoreturntothemenu.
1)RemoteDirectory2)[LocalCD-ROM]
*a)LocalSCSICD-ROMdrive6,oncontroller1
Enter1-2toselectsourcetype,atoselectthesource,toquit,
ortostart:
回车
InserttheinstallationCD-ROM,thenpress:
插入InstallationTools光盘
Copyinginstallationprogramtodisk.
.........10%.........20%.........30%.........40%.........50%
Copycomplete
IRIXRelease6.5IP27Version05190109SystemV-64Bit
Copyright1987-1998SiliconGraphics,Inc.
AllRightsReserved.
Settingrbaudto19200
rooton/hw/module/1/slot/MotherBoard/node/xtalk/8/pci/0/scsi_ctlr/0/target/1/lu
n/0/disk/partition/1/block;bootswapfileon/dev/swapswplo63000
Creatingminirootdevices,pleasewait...
CurrentsystemdateisThuNov2617:
00:
50PST1998
Mountingfilesystems:
dksc1d6:
NOTREADY:
retrying
/dev/minirooton/
/dev/dsk/dks0d1s0on/root
Invokingsoftwareinstallation.
Defaultdistributiontoinstallfrom:
/CDROM/dist
Forhelponinstcommands,type"helpoverview".
Inst3.3MainMenu
1.from[source...]Specifylocationofsoftwaretobeinstalled
2.open[source...]Specifyadditionalsoftwarelocations
3.close[source...]Closeasoftwaredistributionlocation
4.list[keywords][names]Displayinformationaboutsoftwaresubsystems
5.goPerformsoftwareinstallationandremovalnow
6.install[keywords][names]Selectsubsystemstobeinstalled
7.remove[keywords][names]Selectsubsystemstoberemoved
8.keep[keywords][names]Donotinstallorremovethesesubsystems
9.step[keywords][names]Interactivemodeforinstall/remove/keep
10.conflicts[choice...]Listorresolveinstallationconflicts
11.help[topic]Gethelpingeneraloronaspecificword
12.view...GototheViewCommandsMenu
13.admin...GototheAdministrativeCommandsMenu
14.quitTerminatesoftwareinstallation
Inst>open/CDROM/dist
IRIX6.5InstallationTools,June'98README
SiliconGraphics,Inc.
--------------------------------------------
ThisCDcontainstheminirootandothercomponentsnecessarytoboot
thesystemintothebasicinstallationenvironmentforoperating
systeminstallsandupgrades.Italsocontainsasetofdocumentation
called"CustomerWelcome,June'98",andseveralnecessarypatches.Inst
automaticallyselectsthesepatchesforinstallation--donotdeselectthem.
Inthefuture,updatedversionsofthisInstallationToolsCDwill
containmaintenance(bugfixes)andfeatureupgradestoIRIX6.5called
"overlays".
Important
---------
BeforeupgradingtoIRIX6.5,youmustreadthe"StartHere"section
ofthedocumentationcontainedintheCustomerWelcome.This
documentationisincludedontheIRIX6.5BaseDocumentationCDso
thatyoucanviewitonlinepriortoinstallation.
ToviewtheStartHerepages:
1.InserttheBaseDocumentationCDintotheCD-ROMdrive.
2.OpenaWebbrowserandgoto:
file:
/CDROM/Welcome/yourSystem.html
3.Clickthe"StartHere"link.回车
StartupScript
--------------
ThisInstallationToolsCDprovidesascripttohelpyoupreparefor
installation.Thisscriptchecksforoldkernelfilesandlargefiles
youmaynolongerneedand,withyourapproval,removesthem.
SiliconGraphicsstronglyrecommendsthatyourunthestartupscript.
ProductSupportInformation
---------------------------
SiliconGraphics,Inc.,providesacomprehensiveproductsupport
maintenanceprogramforitsproducts.Formoreinformation,install
theCustmerWelcomeproductfromthisInstallationToolsCDand
browsetheSupportandServicespage.Ifyouwouldliketopurchase
support,contactyourlocalSiliconGraphicssalesoffice.Ifyouare
intheUSorCanadaandwouldlikeassistancewithyourSilicon
Graphics-supportedproducts,contacttheTechnicalAssistanceCenter
at(800)800-4SGI.Ifyouareoutsidetheseareasandrequire
assistance,contacttheSiliconGraphicssubsidiaryorauthorized
distributorinyourcountry.
SoftwareLicenseAgreement
--------------------------
Packagedwithyoursoftwareisaseparatesheetthat
containstheSoftwareLicenseAgreement.Thissoftwareis
providedtoyousolelyunderthetermsandconditionsofthe
SoftwareLicenseAgreement.Pleasetakeafewmomentsto
reviewtheAgreement.
Doyouwishtoruntheoptionalinstallationstartupscript?
1.Runtheinstallationstartupscriptnow
2.Ignorethestartupscript
3.Showthecontentsofthestartupscript
4.Help/Showtheintroductory"README"statementagain
Pleaseenterachoice[1]:
1
Tostopthecurrentcleanupactivity,pressControl-Catanytime.
Doyouwanttocheckforkernelcrashfiles,programcorefiles,
dumpsterdirectories,temporaryandlost+foundfilesthatmight
preventasuccessfulinstallation?
(yes/no)[yes]yes
Thismaytakeafewminutes...
Thelistoffileswillbeshownonescreenatatime,
intheformat"ownersizedatefilename".
Foreachscreen,youwillbepromptedforeachfileinthatscreen.
Preparinglist...
root29384Nov261998/root/tmp/.ps_data/.ps_data
root98336Nov261998/root/var/tmp/.rtmond_shm_file
UseControl-Ctoendcleanup
UX:
rm:
INFO:
File/root/tmp/.ps_data/.ps_data.Remove?
(yes/no)[no]:
no
UX:
rm:
INFO:
File/root/v